基于AT89S52单片机的超声波倒车雷达系统的设计

利用超声波测距原理,出于低成本、高精度的目的,提出了一种基于AT89S52的超声波倒车雷达系统的设计方案。硬件部分采用AT89S52单片机作为控制器,主要有超声波发射电路、超声波接收电路、温度检测电路、LCD显示电路和报警电路。本文在分析超声波测距原理的基础上,给出了实现超声波倒车雷达系统的软件设计流程图和硬件设计电路图。该系统测量精度为1cm,完全能够满足汽车倒车系统的设计要求。     

基于超声波的移动测距系统设计

该系统是以空气中超声波的传播速度为确定条件,利用发射超声波与反射回波的时间差来测量障碍物的距离。本设计主要分为硬件模块和软件模块。以智能小车为平台来实现移动测距,采用PWM控制直流电机,采用AT89S52单片机进行控制及数据处理,该测距系统主要由超声波发射电路、超声波接收电路、单片机控制电路、寻迹电路、温度补偿电路、直流电机驱动电路及显示电路构成。利用所设计出的超声波测距系统,对不同的距离进行了测试,并进行了误差分析。最后对测距系统进行了验证。实验表明,该系统对室内有限范围内的障碍物距离测量具有较高的精度和可靠性。     

基于伪随机序列自相关性的新型超声波测距系统

针对传统超声波传感器存在受环境因素影响大、抗干扰能力差等缺陷,提出了一种新型超声波测距系统的设计方法.该超声波测距系统基于伪随机序列自相关性原理,采用模块化设计,可准确地测量出超声波的传播速度和渡越时间,进而计算出障碍物的距离.采用低功耗,高性能的TMS320VC5509A DSP作为信息处理器,采用基于快速傅里叶变换(FFT)的相关判别算法,有效地提高了实时性.改进了超声波接收电路,采用高速绝对值电路代替传统的检波电路,可高效地从接收到的超声波信号中解调出伪随机序列.根据所设计的超声波测距系统的工作原理,提出了适用于该系统的误差校正方法.在干扰存在的情况下,进行了性能测试实验,实验结果表明,该超声波测距系统的测距误差在1.8%以内,具有良好的抗干扰性.     

具有语音播报功能的超声波液位测量系统设计

超声波测距相比于其它测距方法,具有非接触、高精度、价格低、使用方便等优越性。针对实际应用的需要,设计了一种以单片机为主控芯片的具有语音实时播报和无线收发功能的超声波液位计系统。首先介绍了超声波测距原理,然后设计了系统硬件、系统方案及各个电路模块,包括发射电路、接收电路、语音播报电路、无线收发电路等,其次设计了系统软件程序。最后进行了系统测试。测试结果表明在加入温度补偿后测量精度可以达到0.8%,语音播报和无线收发稳定。     

AT89C52超声波测距倒车防撞报警系统

利用AT89C52单片机作为主控制器,结合超声波测距原理,实现倒车防撞报警功能。进行系统硬件和软件的设计,检波接收电路和温度补偿电路分别采用了CX20106A和DS18820两款集成芯片,减小了电路间的相互干扰,提高了精度。该系统的最大测距误差不超过1cm,测距范围为10～300cm。另外,系统还具有结构简单,体积小,使用方便等特点。     

一种新型超声波测距仪的设计与研究

与其他测距方法相比,超声测距具有更大的优势和更广泛的应用前景.本文详细阐述了一种基于AT89S51单片机的新型超声波测距方式.超声波几乎不被光线、烟雾、电磁场等所干扰;此外,超声波换能器的内部构造比较简易、空间利用率高并且易小型化与集成化.该系统着重设计单片机的硬件接线模块、超声波发射模块以及接收模块.空气中的超声波传播速度对温度有一定的依赖性,因此,为进一步提升系统的测量精度,在此基础上设计了基于DS18B20的温度补偿电路,同时设计了WT588D智能语音提示电路和用来提示或者报警的蜂鸣器以此达到实际使用时方便快捷的目的,最后由显示电路显示.文章最后通过实验仿真以及通过硬件进行测距实验验证了该系统具有良好的测量精度和抗干扰性的优点.     

超声波测距系统的设计

介绍了一种以AT89S52单片机为核心控制器件的超声波测距系统的设计方法。系统通过测得超声波自发射到接收的往返时间,根据超声波在空气中的传播速度,计算得到测量距离。同时,为了提高超声波测距精度,采用温度传感器进行环境温度检测,对超声波的传播速度进行校正。由于超声波具有不受光、电磁波以及粉尘等外界因素的干扰,测量精度高等优点,因此,系统可以用于工业测距,距离开关,汽车安全,智能机器人等领域。     

基于MAXQ7667的超声波测距系统应用研究

针对一般大量程的超声波测距系统其精度不高的问题,设计了一种高精度的超声波测距系统。该系统采用Maxim公司的MAXQ7667作为控制器,通过设计的发射电路、接收电路、温度补偿电路、MAXQ7667自身所拥有的高信噪比及其数字信号处理能力,克服了一般超声测距系统低精度的缺点。实验表明,该超声测距系统的量程在8米内的绝对误差不大于1cm,相对误差小于0.5%。     

具有温度补偿功能的超声波测距系统设计

介绍了超声波测距的原理,利用超声波传感器作为核心器件,采用温度补偿的方法实现了对5 cm~4 m距离的准确测量。系统由STC89C52单片机、DS18B20温度传感器、超声波传感器HC-SR04以及数码管显示电路组成。测量结果表明,该系统误差不超过3 cm,系统硬件结构简单、成本低、性能可靠,有一定的实用价值。     

基于ARM处理器的两路超声波测距仪设计

结合嵌入式处理器LM3S1607与超声波传感器设计一种智能超声波测距装置,采用ARM内核芯片LM3S1607的32位嵌入式微处理器与两片P89LPC938单片机和超声波传感器发送与接收模块,通过I2C串行总线上下位机的通信架构,实现两路超声波测距.通过高精度温度传感器LM75A实现了对超声波测距系统的温度测量,对超声波的声速进行了补偿,提高了测量精度,同时具有LCD液晶显示测试距离,语音播放距离功能.设计和开发了相应的接口电路及应用程序,介绍了两路超声波测距仪的设计方法.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

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正Communications—VLSI Researches and industries of telecommunications have been growing rapidly in the last 20 years and will keep their high growing pace in the next decade.The involved researches and developments cover mobile communications,highway and last-mile broadband communication,domain specific communications,and emerging D2D M2M communications.Radio communication steps into its