用飞秒激光触发GaAs光电导体产生THz电磁波的研究

报道了用半绝缘GaAs材料研制的光电导偶极天线在飞秒激光脉冲触发下辐射THz电磁波的实验结果.GaAs光电导偶极芯片的两个欧姆接触电极间隙为3mm,采用Si3N4薄膜绝缘保护,在540V直流偏置下被波长800nm,脉宽14fs,重复频率75MHz,平均功率130mW的飞秒激光脉冲触发时产生THz电磁波.用电光取样测量得到了THz电磁脉冲的时域波形和频谱分布.THz电磁波的辐射峰值位于0.5THz左右,频谱宽度大于2THz,脉冲宽度约为1ps.     

基于GaAs光电导开关的超宽带微波源

报道了用飞秒激光脉冲触发GaAs光电导开关产生超短电磁脉冲辐射超宽带电磁波的实验结果,分析了超短电脉冲串经宽带天线的辐射特性.在接收端获得了上升时间200ps、脉冲宽度500ps、重复频率82MHz的超短电脉冲串和经宽带天线辐射的超宽带电磁波波形,其电磁波频谱覆盖4.7MHz～14GHz.     

用光电导开关产生超宽带电磁辐射的研究

用全固态绝缘结构的横向型半绝缘GaAs光电导开关,在高重复频率飞秒激光脉冲触发下产生超快电脉冲串,经过微带同轴过渡连接至宽带微波天线进行了超宽带电磁辐射和接收的实验,测试了辐射波形及频谱分布,得到了上升时间为200ps、脉宽500ps、重复频率82MHz、辐射频带宽度达6.0GHz以上的电磁波,分析了用光电导开关进行宽带辐射的机理和特性.     

用1553nm激光脉冲触发GaAs光电导开关的研究

用1553nm飞秒光纤激光器触发半绝缘GaAs光电导开关的实验表明,当光电导开关处于3.33～10.3kV/cm的直流偏置电场并被脉冲宽度200fs且单脉冲能量0.2nJ的激光脉冲照射时,开关表现为线性工作模式,开关输出峰值电压为0.8mV.分析表明,开关对波长为1553nm触发激光脉冲表现出的弱光电导现象起因于半绝缘GaAs材料EL2深能级的作用.     

用1553nm激光脉冲触发GaAs光电导开关的研究

用15 5 3nm飞秒光纤激光器触发半绝缘GaAs光电导开关的实验表明,当光电导开关处于3 33～10 3kV/cm的直流偏置电场并被脉冲宽度2 0 0fs且单脉冲能量0 2nJ的激光脉冲照射时,开关表现为线性工作模式,开关输出峰值电压为0 8mV .分析表明,开关对波长为15 5 3nm触发激光脉冲表现出的弱光电导现象起因于半绝缘GaAs材料EL2深能级的作用.     

大间隙GaAs光导天线的太赫兹辐射频谱特性

从麦克斯韦方程出发,采用电涌模型对用飞秒激光触发大间隙光导天线产生的太赫兹脉冲远场辐射特性进行研究。文章分析了大间隙GaAs光电导天线的天线电极形状和参数、天线间隙对产生的THz脉冲频谱特性的影响。用制作不同间隙、天线形状的光导天线进行产生THz辐射的实验,仿真实验结果表明:大间隙光导天线的带宽为0.1 THz～2 THz,不同的电极形状主要影响1 THz～2 THz频段内的THz信号幅值;间隙更小的光导天线的频谱带宽稍宽,而且在1 THz以上的高频段信号略高一些。     

用1064nm激光脉冲触发半绝缘GaAs光电导开关的奇特光电导现象

报道了用1064nm激光脉冲触发半绝缘GaAs光电导开关的一种奇特光电导现象.GaAs光电导开关的电极间隙为4mm,当偏置电场分别为2.0和6.0kV/cm时,用脉冲能量为0.8mJ,宽度为5ns的激光触发开关,观察到开关输出的线性和非线性工作模式.当偏置电场增至9.5kV/cm,触发光脉冲能量在0.5～1.0mJ范围时,观察到奇特的光电导现象,开关先输出一个线性电脉冲,经过大约20～250ns时间延迟后,触发光脉冲消失,开关又输出一个非线性电脉冲.这一奇特光电导现象的物理机制与半绝缘GaAs中的反位缺陷和吸收机制有关.分析计算了线性与非线性电脉冲之间的延迟时间,结果与实验观察基本吻合.     

半绝缘GaAs光电导开关亚皮秒传输特性的研究

 本文应用Ensemble-Monte Carlo方法模拟了半绝缘GaAs(SI-GaAs)光电导开关基于Auston等效电路亚皮秒传输特性.从载流子在开关体内的动态特性出发,研究了光电导开关在飞秒激光脉冲触发下光电导传输特性、电介质弛豫特性、开关储能特性以及开关工作模式;分析了非线性光电导开关对光能阈值和偏置电场阈值要求的物理机制.     

基于超快激光技术的THz波产生和探测

主要介绍利用超快激光技术产生和探测THz波辐射。THz波探测方法包括电光取样和空气探测。电光取样利用光学电光效应,采用探测激光偏振态的改变得到THz电场时域波形,广泛应用在TDS系统中。空气探测方法利用激光在空气中的三阶非线性效应,可以测得THz时域波形,并且该方法没有晶体的限制,因此可以探测频谱较宽的THz脉冲。产生THz的方法主要包括光电导天线、光学Dember效应、光整流和激光等离子体。其中前三者受到材料本征声子的影响,产生的THz谱宽有一定限制。倾斜激光脉冲波前入射非线性晶体光整流可以产生很强的THz波。双色飞秒激光脉冲与空气等离子体作用,可以产生较强的宽谱THz辐射,并且其谱宽与激光脉冲宽度密切相关。     

Analysis of Damage Induced by Repetition-Frequency Optical Pulse in Semi-insulating GaAs PCSS's Material

通过波长为1064 nm的重频激光光脉冲触发半绝缘GaAs光导开关损伤测试实验,观察脉冲激光触发过程中光电导开关电阻率的变化,对比低重频(＜1 kHz)和高重频的激光脉冲对GaAs光电导开关芯片的损伤阈值,分析了不同重复频率的激光脉冲引起光导开关芯片材料光损伤的主要原因,并探讨了损伤机理.研究表明,在重复频率激光作用下GaAs光导开关芯片材料的破坏阈值比在单脉冲作用下低,且不同重复频率的激光辐照下材料表面的温升速率不同.当激励光脉冲重复频率较低(＜1 kHz)时,芯片内的温升效应不显著,此时光损伤与重复频率无明显依赖关系,主要损伤机制为微损伤累积;而当重复频率较高时,开关材料内热积累引起的损伤占主要地位.     

双波长波片导致的脉冲分离对双色场辐射太赫兹波的影响

由于群速度的偏振依赖性,飞秒激光脉冲入射到双波长波片时出射光脉冲会分离为两个具有一定时间延迟的飞秒激光脉冲。从实验和理论模拟两方面研究了双波长波片导致的脉冲分离现象对飞秒激光双色场成丝辐射太赫兹(THz)波效率的影响。实验结果表明,脉冲分离导致的时间延迟会降低双色场辐射THz波的效率,可通过零级双波长波片缩短分离脉冲之间的时间延迟,有效提高THz波的产生效率。     

Free-space electrooptic sampling of terahertz radiation from optically excited superconducting YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta// thin films

The characteristics of photogenerated terahertz radiation from a current-biased superconducting YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta// (YBCO) bow-tie antenna were investigated using a free-space electrooptic sampling technique. Picosecond electromagnetic pulses about 450 fs wide were obtained. The frequency spectrum derived by Fourier transforming the picosecond pulses spans over 0.1-4 THz. The dynamics of the quasi-particles optically induced by the ultrafast laser pulse primarily determines the performances of the transient terahertz radiation generated under different operating parameters. The results indicate a characteristic quasi-particle relaxation time of about 2.5 ps close to the critical temperature T/sub c/, and a faster time at lower temperatures.     

The Polarization and Efficiency of the Terahertz Pulses Generated by Tilted-Pulse-Front Pumping Scheme

Optical rectification of laser pulses in LiNbO₃ by tilted-pulse-front pumping(TPFP) is a powerful way to generate terahertz(THz) pulses. However, comprehensive theoretical analysis is still lack. In this work, we first established and presented a detailed theoretical model for TPFP scheme, which then was used to analyze the pump beam polarization dependent terahertz pulses generated by this scheme. The terahertz pulses polarization and generation efficiency for various pump beam polarization angle were investigated by using nonlinear susceptibility tensor of LiNbO₃ crystal. The results indicate that one can change the polarization state of the terahertz pulse by changing the pump beam polarization.     

Damage Threshold of Ni Thin Film by Terahertz Pulses

Damage in a thin nickel film irradiated by subpicosecond pulses of terahertz (THz) radiation in the range of 1–3 THz at electric-field strengths up to 20 MV/cm at the center of a focal spot is observed. The damage threshold fluence is evaluated for single-pulse experiments. The damage pattern induced by multiple THz pulses has the appearance of a complex periodic structure in the form of elongated channels of metal film discontinuity that are perpendicular to the in-plane electric field direction of THz radiation.     

Study of Lasing Action in a Pulsed Optically Pumped D<Subscript>2</Subscript>O Gas Terahertz Laser

A modified three-level laser kinetics model for a pulsed high-power optically pumped gas terahertz laser is introduced and used to model the lasing kinetics process of a gas terahertz laser system. We, for the first time to our knowledge, investigated the time evolution dynamics process of the pump intensity, population distribution among the energy levels, pump and THz signal gain coefficient, and the THz laser intensity within the pulsed D₂O gas THz laser. High-power THz pulse with peak power of about 7.4 kW and pulse width of 145 ns at wavelength of 385 μm were obtained in the simulation, using an incident pump pulse with peak power of 2.2 MW and pulse width of 110 ns. THz pulse delay of 40 ns and pulse broadening of 35 ns were quantitatively analyzed. In addition, the experimental results for the pulse profile, pulse width, pulse broadening, pulse energy, and peak power are in agreement with the theoretical simulation results.     

Polarization-Dependent Optimization of Fiber-Coupled Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy System

The optimization of the fiber-coupled terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) system is performed by changing the polarization of the optical excitation pulse centered at 1550 nm. InGaAs/InAlAs multilayer structures based photoconductive antennas are used in TDS setup as both the emitter and receiver. The experimental results demonstrate that not only the THz signal power but also the temporal waveform vary with the rotation of the exciting pulse polarization. Maximum output power of the emitter is obtained when the polarization of the pump pulse is perpendicular to the edge of the metal electrodes. At this moment the THz waveform is close to a single-cycled pulse. However, double THz pulses could be recorded when the pump laser polarization is parallel to the electrodes. Laser pulse splitting induced by the birefringence of the optical fiber may attribute to the polarization-dependent performance of the fiber-coupled THz-TDS system.     

Temporal Behavior of the Pump Pulses,Residual Pump Pulses,and THz Pulses for D<Subscript>2</Subscript>O Gas Pumped by a TEA CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> Laser

Temporal behavior of the pump pulses, residual pump pulses, and THz pulses for optically pumped D₂O gas molecules was investigated by using a tunable TEA CO₂ laser as the pumping source. The pulse profiles of pump laser pulses, residual pump pulses, and the THz output pulses were measured, simultaneously, at several different gas pressures. For THz pulse, the pulse delay between the THz pulse and the pump pulse was observed and the delay time was observed to increase from 40 to 70 ns with an increase in gas pressure from 500 to 1700 Pa. Both THz pulse broadening and compression were observed, and the pulse broadening effect transformed to the compression effect with increasing the gas pressure. For the residual pump pulse, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the main pulse decreased with increasing gas pressure, and the main pulse disappeared at high gas pressures. The secondary pulses were observed at high gas pressure, and the time intervals of about 518 and 435 ns were observed between the THz output pulse and the secondary residual pump pulse at the pressure of 1400 Pa and 1700 Pa, from which the vibrational relaxation time constants of about 5.45 and 5.55 μs Torr were obtained.     

Multi-Cycle Terahertz Emission from <Emphasis Type="Italic">β</Emphasis>-Barium Borate

We report the observation of strong narrowband terahertz emission at 10.6 THz from the common nonlinear second harmonic generation crystal β-barium borate crystal excited by 40 fs laser pulses at a 800 nm center wavelength. The emitted THz field amplitude is linear with incident pump energy with no saturation observed up to 2 mJ of pump pulse energy, and exhibits a crystal azimuthal angular dependence consistent with an optical rectification process. The narrowband emission can be explained by the large dispersion caused by optical phonons in the vicinity of the emission energy.     

基于光栅倾斜脉冲前沿的太赫兹脉冲单次测量

太赫兹脉冲单次测量技术对于不可逆或者单次超快过程的太赫兹光谱研究具有重要意义。为了实现无畸变的高频率分辨率的太赫兹脉冲单次探测,利用光栅产生了一束具有倾斜前沿的飞秒探测脉冲,并利用该探测脉冲实现了对太赫兹脉冲时域电场波形的单次测量,测量时间范围达到20 ps,频谱覆盖0.1 THz~2.5 THz范围。且测量的结果与使用传统电光采样方法测量的结果相符合。对于基于光栅产生倾斜脉冲前沿的太赫兹脉冲单次测量方法进行了建模分析,获得了光栅和光学元件参数的选取,以及光路设计等指导性结论。