基于Hadoop的交通信息物理系统大数据架构平台

CPS深度融合了计算、通信、控制技术,实现了对物理世界实体感知、通信、计算和控制过程.TCPS是CPS在交通领域的应用,是新一代智能化交通管理的解决方案.TCPS大数据是交通物理世界实体的感知信息,是所有后续决策制定的基础,是交通智能化管理的关键.本文研究了CPS、TCP以及Hadoop平台的技术原理,分析了TCPS大数据处理的关键问题,提出一种基于Hadoop的交通信息物理系统大数据架构平台的解决方案,设计了基于Hadoop的TCPS大数据平台架构,讨论了基于MapReduce的TCPS大数据挖掘方法和流程,为下一阶段的智能化交通管理系统建设提供技术支持.     

信息物理系统链路质量预测算法

信息物理系统(Cyber-physical System,CPS)通过感知设备进行环境感知采集,深度融合计算、通信和控制能力的网络化、智能化物理设备系统,通过计算进程和物理进程相互交互形成反馈循环,达到物理世界与信息世界交互和协调来增加或扩展新功能,提供实时感知、动态控制和信息反馈等服务。链路质量的预测对信息物理系统上层协议设计尤为重要,它为上层协议选择稳定、高质量的数据传输链路提供了充分的判断依据。文中基于多元逻辑回归分析方法建立信息物理系统链路质量预测模型,仿真实验表明,该算法可以对链路质量进行最优预测。     

一种基于社团结构的CPS节点协同感知方法

为解决信息物理融合系统(Cyber-Physical System,CPS)中单个节点认知能力有限,感知的数据存在不确定性的问题,提出一种基于社团结构的CPS节点协同感知方法。首先运用复杂网络中的凝聚算法对CPS节点感知网络进行社团划分,确定每个社团内部的中心节点,然后运用观点动力学中的多数决定模型模拟社团内部节点感知状态的演化,实现社团内部节点感知状态的协同,最后进行社团之间的协同,使整个网络感知状态达到一致。该算法的时间复杂度低,收敛速度快,CPS节点感知网络能够形成对事件快速,可靠的判断。     

信息物理系统技术现状分析与趋势综述

随着国民经济中各个产业信息化程度的提升和产业间深度交叉融合,信息物理系统(Cyber-Physical System, CPS)正成为支撑这一发展的关键技术,也被誉为是引领全球新一轮产业技术变革的核心体系。通过将客观物理世界中实体、行为以及交互环境等精准映射至信息空间,进行实时处理并反馈回物理空间,CPS能够从系统视角和不同层面解决复杂系统的分析建模、决策优化、不确定处理等难题。该文从CPS的体系架构和设计开发流程分析了其关键技术和难点瓶颈,探讨了CPS与边云协同计算、数字孪生、人工智能和区块链等前沿技术间相互支撑关系,综述了CPS在工业生产、能源电力、交通驾驶和医疗健康4个应用领域研究现状。最后,对CPS未来的技术发展进行了展望。以希望为信息物理系统及相关研究领域的专家和学者提供参考,为我国产业科技变革和智能化转型提供技术支持。     

基于关联图模型的信息物理融合系统感知数据可信性分析

针对信息物理融合系统(CPS)感知层数据的不确定性与随机性,该文提出一种CPS中感知数据的可信性分析框架。摒弃以往以传感器为中心的建模思路,该文充分考虑被监测对象因素,建立传感器-目标关联图模型,以此为基础设计了传感数据可信性推理算法。同时,为提高算法的实时性,减少传感器-目标关联图的搜索空间与时间,设计了基于可信目标筛选的改进推理算法。通过实例验证表明,该算法能实时、有效地滤掉CPS中感知数据中的虚假信息,极大提高感知数据的可信性。     

信息—物理融合系统中建模方法综述

信息—物理融合系统（CPS）不仅包含离散的计算过程、网络通信,还涉及处理连续的物理事件。从CPS所涉及的离散系统和连续系统2个方面出发,分别介绍了当前存在的一些建模理论及基于该理论的开发工具,并概括总结了它们在CPS领域的应用。对CPS亟需解决的问题做了简单介绍,并在此基础上提出了解决CPS建模问题可能存在的4种可行的方法,为CPS建模研究者提供参考。     

基于可能性时空混成自动机的CPS软件建模

信息物理融合系统(CPS)对复杂系统的建模与验证是当前控制研究领域的一个热点问题。考虑不确定环境因素对CPS系统的影响,结合可能性测度与时空模型,给出一种可能性时空混成自动机的信息物理融合系统的建模方法。以时空混成自动机为建模工具,通过分析CPS的体系结构,讨论衡量不确定性的可能性对CPS软件运行时的时空动态影响,给出一个可能性时空CPS系统架构。通过理论证明和实例分析在不确定环境下可能性时空混成自动机为CPS软件系统建模的可行性。     

医疗健康CPS监测系统研究

Cyber-Physical System(CPS)是基于互联网络和智能嵌入式系统等技术的智能物理信息系统。对CPS的概念和特性进行了分析,构建了一种CPS体系结构框架,该体系结构分为4层,分别为物理节点层、网络通信层、资源服务层和用户应用层,对体系结构的分层进行了讨论,设计了分层结构的CPS医疗健康系统,为进一步研究提供了借鉴。     

信息物理融合系统软件可信性演化动力学建模

信息物理融合系统(CPS)软件可信性建模是CPS可信软件开发过程中至关重要的一环,现有的形式化方法、软件验证技术并不适合对CPS软件可信性动态演化进行描述和分析。在深入分析CPS可信软件动态演化过程的基础上,结合非线性动力学的基本理论和方法,研究CPS软件可信性演化的动力学机制,对CPS软件在内外双重因素影响下的可信性演化过程进行建模,并分析其可信性演化规律,为CPS软件可信性研究提供了一种新手段。通过对一个工业控制领域中CPS软件的建模与分析,验证了该方法的可行性。     

智慧工厂的信息物理融合系统体系结构设计

分析了CPS的概念、基本功能和特性,针对工厂的实际情况,提出一种CPS五层体系结构,包括泛在感知层、互联网络层、语义信息层、模型计算层、服务代理层。并对各个层次的关键技术和结构进行详细设计。通过一个卷烟工厂落地应用实例,证明了体系结构符合工厂的信息化水平和应用现状,对工厂走向智慧化起到基础性支撑作用。     

ZAO-AKA : a zero knowledge proof chaotic authentication and key agreement scheme for securing smart city cyber physical system

Wireless Networks - A cyber physical system (CPS) integrates and combines physical, computational and communication functionalities to map physical processes to the cyber world. Indeed, a CPS can...     

物理信息系统评估分析

在物理信息系统深度融合背景下,将信息系统引入传统的电力系统中,构建出新型CPS系统。然而信息系统的引入在提高电力系统可靠性的同时,也增加了电力系统的不安全、不稳定因素。针对信息带来的隐患文中提出一种基于CPS的电力系统可靠评估模型,并将新模型与传统电力系统评估模型进行对比,根据评估新型模型提出计算可靠性的理论方法。介绍了评估过程中面临的挑战,且对整个评估进行总结。     

Implementing virtual platform for global‐scale cyber physical system networks

The need for global‐scale cyber physical system (CPS) is increasing with the evolution of CPS research. A global‐scale CPS requires additional considerations beyond the well‐known CPS requirements, such as security, reliability, and timely delivery, which cannot be easily satisfied when a CPS becomes global scale. Building an entire dedicated network for a global‐scale CPS cannot be a solution, because it requires a large capital outlay in order to be actualized. To overcome these obstacles, we implement a virtual platform named Xebra that includes effective CPS middleware for realizing a global‐scale CPS and isolation techniques based on virtualization. In this paper, we discuss the requirements for realizing global‐scale CPS network, and also, we introduce our implementation as a virtual platform with its performance evaluation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

System of Systems Approach to Formal Modeling of CPS for Simulation‐Based Analysis

This paper presents a system‐of‐systems (SoS) approach to the formal modeling of a cyber‐physical system (CPS) for simulation‐based analysis. The approach is based on a convergence technology for modeling and simulation of a highly complex system in which SoS modeling methodology, hybrid systems modeling theory, and simulation interoperation technology are merged. The methodology maps each constituent system of a CPS to a disparate model of either continuous or discrete types. The theory employs two formalisms for modeling of the two model types with formal specification of interfaces between them. Finally, the technology adapts a simulation bus called DEVS BUS whose protocol synchronizes time and exchange messages between subsystems simulation. Benefits of the approach include reusability of simulation models and environments, and simulation‐based analysis of subsystems of a CPS in an inter‐relational manner.     

Cloud-Integrated Cyber-Physical Systems for Complex Industrial Applications

Recently, with many advances in wireless sensor networks, big data, mobile and cloud computing, Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) can tightly couple cyber space with the physical world better than ever before. Also, the cloud-based systems can provide massive storage resources and low-cost computing as well as the flexibility of customizing the operating environment to Complex Industrial Applications (CIA). In our view, Cloud-integrated CPS (CCPS) will open the door to allow previously unachievable application scenarios to be built, deployed, managed and controlled effectively. In this paper, we propose a novel architecture of CCPS (termed CCPSA) and outline the enabling technologies for CIA. Then, we dissect three potential challenges and provide solutions from the perspective of CIA, including virtualized resource management techniques, the scheduling of cloud resources, and life cycle management. We hope this paper can provide insight and a roadmap for future research efforts in the emerging field of CCPS.     

基于信息物理融合系统的紧耦合网络控制方法

从信息物理融合系统(CPS,cyber physical system)的设计理念来看,要求系统中的通信计算部分和被控制物理对象进行紧密耦合操作。遵照这种紧耦合操作原则,针对无线网络控制系统(WNCS,wireless networked control system),提出一种紧耦合自适应模糊控制方法。模拟实验数据显示这种设计方法能根据实时的NCS紧迫度和网络的拥塞度有效地调整被控系统的采样周期及网络信道占用优先级,从而优化利用了有限的网络资源,改善了整个网络控制系统的性能。     

A methodological review on attack and defense strategies in cyber warfare

Cyberspace is an integration of cyber physical system components that integrates computation, networking, physical processes, embedded computers and network monitors which uses feedback loops for controlling the processes where the computations are affected by processes and vice versa. More general, cyber physical systems include all equipments operated on preprogrammed instructions ranging from simple electronic devices to the ultra-modern warfare equipments along with life saving devices. Active cyber-attacks can cause cyber warfare situations by disrupting an entire community of people, which in turn raises an emergency situation to the nation. Thus, cyber warfare is a major threat to the nation at large. In this paper, we analyze the various aspects of cyber warfare situations and a survey on ongoing attacks, defense and cyber forensics strategies in that field. Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging computing area which enables Machine to Machine communication in cyber physical systems. An attack on IoT causes major issues to the security on the devices and thus, the various threats and attacks on IoT are analyzed here. Overall monitoring and data acquisition in cyber physical systems is done by Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition systems and are mainly targeted by the attackers in order to leave the cyberspace applications not functioning. Therefore, the various threats, attacks and research issues pertaining to the cyberspace are surveyed in this paper along with a few research issues and challenges that are to be solved in the area of cyber warfare.

     

状态不可观测的信息物理融合系统运行时验证

确保信息物理融合系统（Cyber-Physical System,CPS）运行时行为正确性是至关重要的,尤其在航空航天、汽车、核电和医疗等安全攸关领域.本文针对具有随机行为且状态不可观测的CPS,提出一种基于隐马尔科夫模型的运行时安全性验证方法.首先构造状态不可观测的CPS运行时安全性验证框架,该框架通过隐马尔科夫模型表示系统,使用确定性有限自动机规约系统安全属性的否定,两者的乘积自动机作为运行时监控器,从而将CPS运行时安全性验证问题约简到监控器上的概率推断问题.然后,提出一种增量迭代安全性验证算法以及反例生成算法.实验结果表明本文算法和粒子滤波算法相比预测错误率下降了近20%,并且当系统违背安全属性时,本文的方法能给出反例.     

Honeypot game‐theoretical model for defending against APT attacks with limited resources in cyber‐physical systems

A cyber‐physical system (CPS) is a new mechanism controlled or monitored by computer algorithms that intertwine physical and software components. Advanced persistent threats (APTs) represent stealthy, powerful, and well‐funded attacks against CPSs; they integrate physical processes and have recently become an active research area. Existing offensive and defensive processes for APTs in CPSs are usually modeled by incomplete information game theory. However, honeypots, which are effective security vulnerability defense mechanisms, have not been widely adopted or modeled for defense against APT attacks in CPSs. In this study, a honeypot game‐theoretical model considering both low‐ and high‐interaction modes is used to investigate the offensive and defensive interactions, so that defensive strategies against APTs can be optimized. In this model, human analysis and honeypot allocation costs are introduced as limited resources. We prove the existence of Bayesian Nash equilibrium strategies and obtain the optimal defensive strategy under limited resources. Finally, numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed method is effective in obtaining the optimal defensive effect.