50 GHz到325 GHz毫米波扩频自动测试系统关键技术研究

基于NILabVIEW软件环境与GPIB总线技术完成毫米波测试平台的组网互联,将单独、离散、单功能测试与测量设备进行有效组合,可以实现多台、互联、多功能的毫米波测试平台。     

一种低损耗毫米波垂直互联设计

设计了一种利用球栅阵列(BGA)的毫米波垂直互联,解决了毫米波系统三维(3D)集成时层间信号互联的低损耗传输问题.根据传输线理论,利用电磁仿真软件对这种采用BGA的垂直互联进行了仿真,并对层间通孔半径、焊球半径、焊盘半径等对传输性能的影响进行了分析.样件测试结果显示,在28.4~30.4 GHz,其层间垂直传输损耗小于0.36 dB,反射小于-15 dB.该垂直互联结构简单、性能良好,可广泛用于毫米波微系统3D集成.     

基片集成脊波导毫米波板间垂直互联结构研究

在毫米波系统级封装(System-On-Package,SOP)中,需要一种宽带、小型化、易集成的板间垂直互联电路,以实现不同功能层之间毫米波信号的可靠互联。不同于常规基片集成波导(SIW),提出一种基于Z向基片集成脊波导(Substrate-Integrated-Riged-Waveguide, SIRW)的毫米波板间垂直互联结构。该结构体积小、易集成,可与多层基板加工工艺兼容、一体化同步实现。最后利用低温共烧陶瓷(Low Temperature Cofired Ceramic, LTCC)加工工艺,制作了背靠背互联实物,电路接口尺寸2.2 mm′1.3 mm,经测试在28~36 GHz 频带内实现单个互联插损小于0.45dB,带内平坦度优于±0.5dB,回波损耗优于-12dB。     

罗德与施瓦茨驾驭超越500 GHz之微波毫米波测量

在2012年5月6日至8日在深圳举办的2012年全国微波毫米波会议暨2012年微波毫米波科技成果及产品展上,R&S公司将全面展示领先的高达500GHz的微波毫米波测试仪表和解决方案,其中包括:R&S公司新推出的在射频性     

140 GHz毫米波岩石钻探技术研究

利用高功率微波加热熔化岩石实现地下快速破岩是全新的钻探技术,具有潜在技术优势。基于140 GHz 高功率毫米波系统开展了高功率毫米波能量加热穿透岩石的快速钻井技术研究,测量并分析岩石在微波电磁场下的介电损耗特性,采用多物理场耦合法定量模拟不同波束尺寸和入射功率下的岩石温度分布及烧蚀情况,发现峰值功率密度在1~2 kW/cm² 情况下毫米波已经可以在很短的时间内将岩石加热至3000 ℃以上发生相变直至蒸发。分析表明高功率短时间的微波加热方式可以有更高的效率,为下一步依托140 GHz 高功率毫米波实验平台开展的相关钻岩实验提供指导。对井下毫米波长距离功率传输损耗等相关应用问题进行了探讨,探索未来高功率毫米波钻井应用可能性。     

122 GHz毫米波在管状结构内的传输特性

雷达测速是管状结构内运动参数测试系统的重要手段，提高雷达工作频率可有效提高测速精确度和分辨力。在122 GHz毫米波可用性分析的基础上，分别建立了管径和管壁粗糙度对毫米波传输的衰减常数计算模型。仿真结果表明：随着管状结构管径的不断增大，衰减常数趋于减小；管壁粗糙度在5 μm内，衰减常数急剧增大；大于5 μm后，衰减常数趋于平稳，该结果进一步证明了122 GHz毫米波在身管等管状结构毫米波测速的可行性。     

95GHz低相噪锁相源技术研究

基于毫米波锁相源相位噪声理论,明确指出采用低相位噪声的微波频率源可以有效改善毫米波锁相源相噪指标。利用低相位噪声的微波倍频源,结合谐波混频方式,设计出95GHz低相位噪声锁相频率源。测试结果表明,其相位噪声可以低至-90.44dBc/Hz@10kHz,验证了该设计方案的可行性。     

140 GHz关键射频组件研究

在基于超外差体制的太赫兹无线通信系统接收机和发射机中,混频器、滤波器和本振源是决定系统性能的关键器件。本文分别针对基于肖特基二极管技术的140 GHz次谐波混频器、基于微机电系统（MEMS）体硅工艺的140 GHz带通滤波器和V波段毫米波本振倍频源的仿真设计和关键工艺开展了研究。测试结果表明：140 GHz次谐波混频器单边带转换损耗为26 dB,140 GHz带通滤波器的带内插损为8 dB,V波段毫米波本振倍频源最大输出功率大于50 mW（63.2 GHz~67.2 GHz）。     

40~110 GHz毫米波频段场地衰减测量

随着5G及规划中的6G等新一代通信技术的飞速发展,毫米波频段的通信应用逐渐普及。因此,毫米波频段的场地衰减测量变得愈发重要。介绍了一项在40~110 GHz频率范围内的场地衰减研究工作,通过理论分析和搭建自动测量系统,获得了可供参考的实验数据,得出了该频段范围内场地衰减在76~79 dB左右,衰减幅度很大;测量值与理论值符合较好,测试环境的影响较小等结论,对后续测试系统构成方案亦有助益。     

Ka波段信号链路非线性效应研究平台的设计

针对毫米波导引头的复杂电磁环境效应实验研究需求,设计并实现了一套Ka波段信号链路非线性效应研究平台。该平台由数学仿真系统和实验测试系统2部分组成,其中数学仿真系统基于SystemVue软件平台设计实现,实验测试系统基于模块化组装的思想设计实现。经测试,该平台可用于开展复杂电磁环境对典型毫米波导引头相关关键信号链路环节的影响效应研究。     

应用于EoC芯片的1.2 GHz/2 GHz/2.4 GHz三频段上混频器

采用0.13 μm RF CMOS工艺,设计了一款可应用于EoC收发芯片的三频段上混频器,通过改变接入并联LC负载谐振网络中电容的值,使电路分别工作在1.2 GHz,2 GHz,2.4 GHz频段。在3.3 V电源电压下,1.2 GHz,2 GHz,2.4 GHz频段上,总电流为35.1 mA;单边带(SSB)电压转换增益分别为3.77 dB,4.97 dB,4.78 dB;输出1 dB压缩点分别为-0.22 dBm,0.78 dBm,0.5 dBm;噪声系数分别为5.13 dB,5.76 dB,6.67 dB。通过控制输入跨导级的偏置实现混频器的开启和关断,上混频器的开启时间为200 ns,关断时间小于100 ns。     

Rainfall attenuation at 36 GHz and 55 GHz

Simultaneous rainfall measurements at 36 GHz and 55 GHz on a common 4.1 km path show, under the conditions of these experiments, that the attenuation due to rainfall lies between the attenuation values predicted by the lognormal and the Best rain drop size distributions.     

Propagation Tests for 23 GHz and 40 GHz

Propagation tests were conducted on the 23 GHz and 40 GHz bands on the same 1.08 km path in Nagoya City, Japan, for two years (1979 and 1980), in order to collect circuit design data for a highly reliable millimeter wave intracity communication link. The path attenuation versus 1 min rain rate relation for the same cumulative percentage of time was obtained and compared to the theoretical curves of various raindrop distributions such as Laws and Parsons. We found some discrepancies on both the high rain rates, exceeding 50 mm/h, and low rain rates. The former was thought to be due to a mismatch between the rain gauge integration time and the path attenuation time constant. From the coincidence of the autocorrelation functions of both the rain rate and path attenuation, we were able to determine the best fit integration time. The latter was due to the loss of the radome in the rain. The circuit outage of the short path millimeter wave radio link was strongly affected by the heavy rains which exceeded 60 or 100 mm/h in thunderstorms, fronts, and typhoons, and was characterized by bursts of rain. Based on the 1 min rain rate records for five years, 1975-1979, we found the heavy rain statistics obeyed Poisson's distribution. Finally, we introduced a propagation test of 40 GHz through fire flames and found the losses to be low.     

A 75 GHz to 115 GHz quasi-optical amplifier

A wideband quasi-optical amplifier employing two pyramidal back-to-back horns has been developed. Using a four-stage W-band low noise amplifier (LNA) designed and fabricated by Martin Marietta Laboratories, the quasi-optical amplifier gives a system gain greater than 11 dB from 86 GHz to 113 GHz without any low frequency oscillations. A peak system gain of 15.5 dB is measured at 102 GHz, and the measured noise figure of the system is 7.4 dB at 94 GHz. The quasi-optical amplifier design maintains the same polarization of the received and transmitted signal, provides better than -40 dB isolation, and can be fabricated monolithically at millimeter-wave frequencies     

8 GHz～12 GHz推-推压控振荡器设计

文章介绍了利用推-推的方法实现宽带低相噪压控振荡器,论述了其基本原理和分析方法,并利用计算机辅助设计(CAD)对该方法进行了分析.根据分析结果制作了8 GHz～12 GHz压控振荡器.测试结果表明,分析结果较好地反映了实际结果.推-推的方法能有效提高晶体管的工作频率,同时还可以改善压控振荡器的负载牵引能力.这种方法适用不同形式的器件,对高频率、宽频带压控振荡器的制作有一定指导意义.     

8GHz～12GHz推-推压控振荡器设计

文章介绍了利用推-推的方法实现宽带低相噪压控振荡器,论述了其基本原理和分析方法,并利用计算机辅助设计(CAD)对该方法进行了分析。根据分析结果制作了8GHz～12GHz压控振荡器。测试结果表明,分析结果较好地反映了实际结果。推-推的方法能有效提高晶体管的工作频率,同时还可以改善压控振荡器的负载牵引能力。这种方法适用不同形式的器件,对高频率、宽频带压控振荡器的制作有一定指导意义。     

8.5GHz～10GHz GaAs准单片功率放大器

文章介绍了一种准单片形式的功率放大器,采用南京电子器件研究所研制的12mm栅宽的GaAs pHEMT功率管芯,设计了准单片电路形式的匹配电路,设计所得的功率放大器在8.5GHz~10GHz频带范围内,输出功率典型值为5W,功率增益大于6dB,相对带宽大于16%,典型功率附加效率为25%,输入电压驻波比小于2.5。     

0.9GHz和2.4GHz 双频段 SiGe HBT 低噪声放大器的设计

This paper presents design and implementation of a dual-band LNA using a 0.35μm SiGe HBT process for 0.9 GHz GSM and 2.4 GHz WLAN applications.PCB layout parasitic effects have a vital effect on circuit performance and are accounted for using electro-magnetic（EM） simulation.Design considerations of noise decoupling, input/output impedance matching,and current reuse are described in detail.At 0.9/2.4 GHz,gain and noise figure are 13/16 dB and 4.2/3.9 dB,respectively.Both S₁₁ and S₂₂ are below -10 dB.Power dissipation is 40 mW at 3.5 V supply.     

Sheetlike Waveguide for 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz Bands

We present a useful design for a free access mat which supports two frequency bands of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. The free access mat is a sheet‐shaped waveguide which consists of a tightly coupled double‐layered microstrip resonator array. It provides easy access for devices in short‐range wireless communications. Interference is a common problem with conventional applications which use free space transmission. Our proposed wireless access system uses a subsidiary waveguide, the free access mat. Wireless devices are proximately coupled to the free access mat through which the coupled electromagnetic (EM) wave transmits. The arrival domain of the EM wave of an application is therefore limited to an area close to the free access mat. Wireless devices can be coupled to the free access mat at an arbitrary position without contact. We previously presented a free access mat for a single frequency band. This paper presents a free access mat for the two frequency bands of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. The free access mat uses a ring patch resonator array which is easily excited by typical antennas and is resistant to interference. These characteristics are demonstrated by numerical simulation and confirmed by experiment.     

Sky brightness temperature measurements at 135 GHz and 215 GHz

Zenith sky brightness temperature measurements at 135 GHz and 215 GHz have been made on a semicontinuous basis for a period of seven months in the Gunston Cove area of Northern Virginia. These measurements were made using Dicke receivers with noise figures of 8 dB and 14 dB, respectively. A liquid nitrogen cooled load was used to calibrate the measurements. The 215 GHz sky temperature was on the average about 80 K greater than that at 135 GHz. Clouds were found to cause the sky temperatures to fluctuate as much as 150 K in a few minutes. Graphs are presented to outline general trends of the data as well as representative days, including the blizzard on February 11, 1983. In addition, empirical relations between precipitable water vapor, atmospheric water density at the surface, sky brightness temperatures, and zenith attenuation are given for visually clear days.