FBAR技术的敏感应用与发展研究

薄膜声体波谐振器(FBAR)技术以其频率高,品质因数(Q)高,插入损耗低,与半导体集成电路(IC)工艺兼容等优良特性在无线通信领域获得了广泛应用。基于FBAR技术的传感器具有灵敏度高,体积小,线性度好及易于集成等特点,符合目前传感器的微型化、智能化、信息化的主流发展趋势。该文对FBAR传感器的研究现状、发展动向等方面进行了总结并对石英晶体微天平(QCM)、声表面波(SAW)和FBAR这几种声波质量传感器进行了比较。最后对FBAR传感器技术作了简要评述并讨论了FBAR传感器未来的发展趋势。     

薄膜体声波谐振器微加速度计惯性力敏特性

研究了由硅微质量块-悬臂梁惯性力敏结构和氮化铝(AlN)薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)检测元件集成的FBAR微加速度计表头的惯性力敏特性。采用有限元(FEA)静力学仿真,得到惯性力载荷作用下硅微悬臂梁上的应力分布;选取最大应力值作为载荷,基于第一性原理计算纤锌矿AlN的弹性系数与应力的关系式,预测惯性力载荷作用下AlN弹性系数的最大变化量;采用谐响应分析,预测FBAR微加速度计的加速度-谐振频率偏移特性。分析得到：惯性力载荷作用下,FBAR微加速度计的谐振频率向高频偏移,灵敏度约为数kHz/g;其加速度增量-谐振频率偏移特性曲线具有良好的线性度。     

薄膜体声波传感器及其读出电路进展

薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)具有高灵敏度、高工作频率,低功耗,小尺寸及制造工艺IC兼容的特点,使其成为高效能换能器和传感器的理想技术。基于FBAR的传感器,如高灵敏度质量传感器、DNA和蛋白质探测器、气体传感器、水银离子探测器和微区质量探测器,与采用其他微电子机械系统的同类传感器相比,已取得了更好的传感性能。该文综述了FBAR传感器的进展,特别是FBAR高灵敏度传感器、FBAR谐振式传感器及其高频读出电路;提出了采用六端口反射计实现FBAR换能器的射频频率偏移信号读出、基于单片微波集成电路或低温共烧陶瓷工艺制备的六端口网络构建集成FBAR传感器的原创设想。     

液体中微悬臂传感器共振检测技术的研究

讨论了微悬臂生化传感器在动态模式下的工作原理,针对在液体环境中阻尼增大、微悬臂共振品质因素下降的问题,设计了一个正反馈电路,使得微悬臂在液体中能够稳定在其固有频率上自激振荡.从而简便地测出微悬臂传感器在吸附分析物之后的频率变化.实验中将黄金Au溅射于微悬臂上,每次溅射的厚度为1nm,等效质量约为0.042 72 ng,溅射12次,测得去离子水中微悬臂的频率随溅射的Au质量的增加,约以-10.089 Hz/,pg的线性趋势下降,微悬臂对附加质量的检测分辨率提高了约200倍,达到1 pg.     

掺镁ZnO基薄膜体声波谐振器的制备和性能研究

固体装配型薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)机械强度好,尺寸小,可在硅片上三维立体集成,灵敏度大,在未来的通信设备制作高带通滤波器和物联网传感器中展现出广泛的应用前景。通过射频磁控溅射系统制备了以掺镁ZnO(MgxZn1-xO)作为压电层的固体装配型薄膜体声波谐振器,研究了掺镁ZnO对薄膜体声波谐振器谐振性能的影响。利用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)对FBAR的结构进行了微观表征。比较了不同掺镁ZnO靶材对于晶向和谐振性能的影响。通过优化条件,制备出了性能优越的FBAR,其谐振频率在1.8~2.4GHz,品质因数(Q)可达800,回波损耗可达-30dB。     

体声波滤波器的设计与微加工方法

提出了一种易于使用的薄膜体声波(FBAR)滤波器的4步设计方法,以一种FDD-LTE Band7的Rx滤波器为例展示了该方法的应用流程。第一步,根据FBAR滤波器的中心频率和带宽指标,确定FBAR薄膜叠层中各层薄膜的厚度。第二步,得到滤波器的电路结构。第三步,得到每个FBAR单元的谐振区面积;为此,将串联FBAR单元的谐振区面积、并联FBAR单元与串联FBAR单元的谐振区面积比值作为两组优化参数;将给定滤波器的插入损耗和带外抑制指标作为优化目标,利用ADS软件中的梯度优化算法,得到其优化值。第四步,旨在使滤波器的带内纹波最小化。设计中采用一种新的FBAR电极厚度调整方法,故意使串联FBAR的串联谐振频率与并联FBAR的并联谐振频率频率值不等,但相差很小,实现了该目标。由于案例设计结果中,SiO2支撑层的厚度仅300nm,需要在背面通孔刻蚀的微加工工艺中工序保留良好,因此,提出了一种基于绝缘衬底上的Si(SOI)圆片中埋氧层(BOX)缓冲的两步通孔刻蚀工艺方案,该方法利用了BOX的刻蚀自停止特性。研究结果表明,Rx滤波器插入损耗为0.6dB,在Tx频段的带外抑制为40.4dB,带内纹波为0.4dB。由此验证了该设计方法的可行性。     

磁性液体的微致动性能

针对磁性液体在MEMS微致动器中的应用,对磁性液体在磁场中致动力的影响因素进行了理论分析。根据理论分析结果设计了一套磁性液体微致动性能测试实验台,并从磁场强度、磁性液体受力面积和磁性液体质量三个方面对其微致动性能进行实验研究。实验结果表明:磁性液体致动力与磁场强度近似呈线性关系;等量磁性液体作用面积越大,致动力越大;磁性液体致动力随磁性液体质量的增加不断增加,当磁性液体质量达到一定值时,磁性液体致动力大小趋于稳定。     

C波段WLP薄膜体声波滤波器的研制

该文研制了一种晶圆级封装(WLP)的C波段薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)滤波器.采用一维Mason等效电路模型对谐振器进行设计,并使用H FSS对电磁封装模型进行优化,再在ADS中对滤波器进行仿真优化设计,得到阶梯型结构的FBAR滤波器.采用空腔型结构并制备出FBAR滤波器芯片,同时利用覆膜工艺对FBAR裸芯片进行覆膜和...     

一种新型FBAR结构的设计

针对传统FBAR(Film Buck Acoustic Resonator)制备困难、成品率低的问题,提出一种新型FBAR结构(SU8-FBAR)。利用高分子聚合物材料SU8薄膜代替传统FBAR的支撑层和声波限制结构,增加了FBAR器件的机械强度,且易于制备,成品率较高。采用AlN作压电薄膜,分别以Mo、Pt、CNT、Al作为电极,利用Comsol Multiphysics仿真软件对SU8-FBAR的结构参数进行仿真优化。结果显示,当电极材料为CNT、上电极厚度为0.1μm、SU8薄膜厚度为5μm时,SU8-FBAR的综合性能最优:SU8-FBAR的品质因数(Q)值达到1210,几乎为传统FBAR Q值的3倍;机电耦合系数为0.063,高于传统FBAR的0.0425。该器件能检测到极小谐振频率的变化,可用于微生物传感领域。     

FBAR建模及用于MIMO终端的滤波器设计

薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)是优良的射频频率器件.用基本Mason模型对FBAR器件进行建模,并分析阐述了FBAR射频滤波器的结构和设计方法.在此模型和设计方法基础上,对多输入多输出(MIMO)的1900MHz个人通信服务(PCS)频段和800 MHz蜂窝(Cellular)频段终端的FBAR射频多工滤波器进行了设计和性能分析.滤波器用ADS软件进行仿真和优化,仿真结果表明,本设计比Avago公司主流产品ACFM-7101性能要好,特别是带内纹波.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Call for Papers

正Communications—VLSI Researches and industries of telecommunications have been growing rapidly in the last 20 years and will keep their high growing pace in the next decade.The involved researches and developments cover mobile communications,highway and last-mile broadband communication,domain specific communications,and emerging D2D M2M communications.Radio communication steps into its