INMARSAT──P全球数字手持卫星电话系统

ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ──Ｐ全球数字手持卫星电话系统中国交通通信中心王雪敏一、简介先进的数字化手持卫星电话系统（ＩＮ－ＭＡＲＳＡＴ—Ｐ），是国际海事卫星组织（ＩＮ－ＭＡＲＳＡＴ）迅速发展的多种移动卫星通信系统之一。ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ移动卫星通信，继Ａ系统之后...     

INMARSATC系统及其广泛应用

ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴＣ系统及其广泛应用王雪敏一、前言ＩＮＭＲＳＡＴＣ系统是国际海事卫星组织（ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ）在１９９０年开通运行的一种全球移动卫星通信系统，也是ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ继Ａ系统之后开发出的又一种新系统。该系统为全数字化的通信系统，采用了存贮转发...     

INMARSAT用于中国民航的可行性研究：INMARSAT航空系统特性分析

本文主要介绍国际海事卫星组织及ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ全球移动通信系统，揭示ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ航空系统的基本构成，航空陆上地球站和航空地球站的功能及主要技术指标，重点是整个系统的运行过程进行分析。     

INMARSAT系统新型通信终端采用的现代通信技术

本文介绍了ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ系统目前推出的新型通信终端，叙述了这些通信终端所采用的现代通信新技术，着重阐述了ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ－Ｂ／Ｍ两种终端的通信技术、特点及其在全球个人通信中的作用。     

INMARSAT-C系统的E-mail业务

主要介绍了ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ－Ｃ系统的Ｅ－ｍａｉｌ业务,给出了利用Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ和ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ－Ｃ系统在船站和陆地用户之间发送 Ｅ－ｍａｉｌ的方法。     

INMARSAT在航空通信领域中的应用

主要探讨了ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ卫星通信系统在航空领域的应用及其展望，同时介绍了ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ航空卫星通信系统的组成和与其他系统的差异，以及航空卫星通信系统在世界范围内的用户情况。     

INMARSAT21世纪工程：全球个人移动卫星通信

本文概述ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ２１世纪工程的规划及为实现这一规划，ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ组织在本世纪末正在进行和即将进行的一系列卫星通信技术工作。着重阐述ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ２１世纪工程的业务性能以及对三种卫星布局方案进行拟抉择的新动向。     

新一代海事卫星通信系统－INMARSAT－B／M系统

新一代海事卫星通信系统－ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ－Ｂ／Ｍ系统中国交通通信中心王利回顾８０年代初期，ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ开发实现了全球Ａ标准通信系统。到目前为止，Ａ系统已成功地运行了１０余年时间，为广大海上及陆地用户提供了有效的卫星通信手段。８０年代末期，ＩＮＭＡ...     

Turbo Codes在INMARSAT移动卫星通信系统中的应用

本文介绍了的是ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ最新推出的增强型ｍｉｎｎｉ－Ｍ系统－ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ－ｐｈｏｎｅＭ４中用以实现“压缩频带的高速数据（ＨＳＤ）传输”的核心技术Ｔｕｒｂｏ Ｃｏｄｅｅｓ的具体应用方案。着重阐述Ｔｕｒｂｏ Ｃｏｄｅｓ与多电平调制结合方式,信道状态信息提取,编译码器的性能和实现上有待解决的关键问题。     

干涉SAR成像中地形高度估计及基线估计方法的研究

本文在地形高度估计及基线估计等方面作了一些研究,提出了一种ＳＡＲ成像地形高度估计方法和一种基线估计方法。本文首先讲述了如何将干涉相位差转换成地形高的方法。通过模拟实验分析了地球的曲面效应对星载ＳＡＲ地形高度估计的影响．利用该方法能提高高度估计精度并且不需考虑去除平地效应。本文还给出了一种利用地面定标点估计基线参数的方法,通过模拟实验表明,在一定条件下我们能得到比较满意的结果。     

An analytical presentation of the monochromatic ocean wave image bya regular or an interferometric synthetic aperture radar

An asymptotic expansion of the theoretical model for simulation of a monochromatic ocean wave imaging by either regular synthetic aperture radar (SAR), or by along-track interferometric SAR (INSAR), and its analytical approximation are considered. The model takes into account the so-called velocity bunching imaging mechanism. The domains of validity of the simplified asymptotic and analytical expressions for both SAR and INSAR imaging of the ocean waves are established by comparing those solutions with the corresponding full numerical simulations. The analytical presentations of the SAR and the INSAR wave imaging obtained in the present study are used to understand better the limitations and the relative advantages of both techniques and to define the dimensionless parameters which govern the imaging process     

Studies of multibaseline spaceborne interferometric syntheticaperture radars

The authors have utilized a set of Seasat synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data that were obtained in nearly repeat ground-track orbits to demonstrate the performance of spaceborne interferometric SAR (INSAR) systems. An assessment of the topography measurement capability is presented. A phase measurement error model is described and compared with the data obtained at various baseline separations and signal-to-noise ratios. Finally, the implications of these results on future spaceborne INSAR design are discussed     

C-band repeat-pass interferometric SAR observations of the forest

Properties of ERS-1 C-band repeat pass interferometric SAR information for a forested area are studied. The intensity information is rather limited but, including coherence and effective interferometric SAR (INSAR) height, more information about the forest parameters can be obtained via satellite. Such information is also important for correction of INSAR derived topographic maps. Coherence properties have been used to identify forested/nonforested areas and the interferometric effective height of the forest determined by comparison to a DEM of the area. The authors have developed a model to relate basic forest properties to INSAR observations. These show that the coherence and interferometric effective height of a forested area change between image pairs. The model demonstrates how these properties are related to the temporal decorrelation and the scattering from the vegetation canopy and the ground surface. Gaps in the vegetation are found to be important in the characterization of boreal forests     

分布式卫星系统中干涉SAR测高精度分析

分布式卫星SAR系统是近几年提出的一种新的SAR系统,干涉SAR(INSAR)成像是该系统的主要工作模式。本文主要研究该系统中地球自转、分布式卫星系统环绕对INSAR测高精度影响,分析和推导了修正的成像公式及误差曲线。详细分析了不同纬度及不同环绕角时的测高误差变化。仿真结果表明:纬度越低、环绕角越大时,测高误差越大。赤道附近的测高误差最大。     

基于Chirp-Z变换的分布式SAR地面运动目标检测方法

该文基于主辅星编队模式下的分布式卫星SAR系统,对Range-Doppler域地面运动目标检测方法进行了改进,提出回波信号经方位向相位补偿后,应用Chirp-Z变换能够将地面同一方位单元回波的频谱在不同通道内精确配准,而后通过干涉处理和频谱相位补偿来提取运动目标信息,并给出了频谱相位补偿对系统参数的约束条件以及频谱配准对目标速度的约束条件。最后仿真表明该方法在约束条件下是有效的。     

分布式星载干涉SAR中空间基线的分析和设计

分布式星载干涉SAR可以同时实现三维地形成像、洋流成像和提高空间分辨率等3种SAR于涉成像。其系统基线设计需要同时考虑这3种SAR干涉成像对基线的不同要求,所以比较复杂。该文在给出分布式小卫星被动稳定编队飞行的空间构形和3种SAR干涉成像对系统基线要求的基础上,提出了分布式星载干涉SAR基线设计中存在着3个制约关系;给出了协调这3个制约关系的一种设计准则,并在此准则下对一个L波段的分布式星载干涉SAR进行了系统基线设计。     

An algorithm for interferometric SAR data processing

In this paper, an algorithm of generating INSAR unwrapped phase image from SAR single-look complex images is presented. Besides the general processing technique, this article focuses on the methods of flat-earth phase removal, phase noise reduction and phase unwrapping. The availability is tested by the results of processing ERS-1/2 SAR images.     

干涉合成孔径雷达数据处理实现方法

本文提出了干涉合成孔径雷达(INSAR)从SAR单视复图像到非模糊相位图的一种实用数据处理方法。详细讨论了其中的去平地相位、相位图噪声抑制、相位展开等的实现方法。并用ERS-1/2的真实SAR图像数据验证该方法的有效性。     

Simulation of interferometric SAR response for characterizing thescattering phase center statistics of forest canopies

A coherent scattering model for tree canopies is employed in order to characterize the sensitivity of an interferometric SAR (INSAR) response to the physical parameters of forest stands. The concept of an equivalent scatterer for a collection of scatterers within a pixel, representing the vegetation particles of tree structures, is used for identifying the scattering phase center of the pixel whose height is measured by an INSAR. Combining the recently developed coherent scattering model for tree canopies and the INSAR Δk-radar-equivalence algorithm, accurate statistics of the scattering phase-center location of forest stands are obtained numerically for the first time. The scattering model is based on a Monte Carlo simulation of scattering from fractal-generated tree structures, and therefore is capable of preserving the absolute phase of the backscatter. The model can also account for coherent effects due to the relative position of individual scatterers and the inhomogeneous extinction experienced by a coherent wave propagating through the random collection of vegetation particles. The location of the scattering phase center and the correlation coefficient are computed using the Δk-radar equivalence simply by simulating the backscatter response at two slightly different frequencies. The model is successfully validated using the measured data acquired by JPL TOPSAR over a selected pine stand in Raco, MI. A sensitivity analysis is performed to characterize the response of coniferous and deciduous forest stands to a multifrequency and multipolarization INSAR in order to determine an optimum system configuration for remote sensing of forest parameters     

直接地理编码与星载干涉SAR测高不确定度的等效性分析

现有的考虑地球曲率影响的INSAR测高模型主要有星载干涉SAR测高模型和直接地理编码两种。星载干涉SAR测高模型首先利用SAR干涉获取非模糊干涉相位,然后根据考虑地球曲率的空间几何关系直接计算地形高度。而直接地理编码模型则是在SAR干涉获取非模糊干涉相位的基础上,利用两个斜距方程和一个多普勒方程给出地面点的3维坐标值。由于两种模型得到地形高程的途径不同,因此很难直接比较这两种模型的地形测高不确定度。该文在采用矩阵形式推导出直接地理编码模型地形高程不确定度显示表达式的基础上,通过引入斜距平面坐标系,定量化地证明了直接地理编码模型的高程测量不确定度公式与考虑地球曲率的SAR干涉测高模型的测高不确定度公式是相同的,从而说明了这两种模型在用于地形高程测量时具有相同的精度。最后采用计算机仿真验证了理论分析的正确性。