云计算专题（英文）

正Cloud computing is a novel computing paradigm that utilizes remote cloud resources to achieve a high-performance computation.Cloud provides infrastructure,platform and software as different on-demand services.China has made remarkable progress in cloudbased products and operating system technology.The government,enterprises and research institutions are all active in the development of cloud computing-related projects.Despite the progress,many important problems     

CLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud computing is a novel computing paradigm that utilizes remote cloud resources to achieve a high-performance computation. Cloud provides infra- structure, platform and software as different on-demand services. China has made remarkable progress in cloud- based products and operating system technology. The government, enterprises and research institutions are all active in the development of cloud computing-related projects. Despite the progress,     

Method of secure,scalable, and fine-grained data access control with efficient revocation in untrusted cloud

Cloud computing is a developing computing paradigm in which resources of the computing infrastructure are provided as services over the network. Hopeful as it is, this paradigm also brings new challenges for data security and encryption storage when date owner stores sensitive data for sharing with untrusted cloud servers. When it comes to fine-grained data and scalable access control, a huge computation for key distribution and data management is required. In this article, we achieved this goal by exploiting and uniquely combining techniques of ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption(CP-ABE), linear secret sharing schemes(LSSS), and counter(CTR) mode encryption. The proposed scheme is highly efficient by conducting the revocation on attribute level rather than on user level. The goals of data confidentiality and no collusion attack(even the cloud servers(CS) collude with users), as well as ones of fine-grainedness and scalability, are also achieved in our access structure.     

Cloud Computing （3）

Editor's Desk: In the preceding two parts of this series, several aspects of cloud computing-including definition, classification, characteristics, typical applications, and service levels-were discussed. This part continues with a discussion of Cloud Computing Oopen Architecture and Market-Oriented Cloud. A comparison is made between cloud computing and other distributed computing technologies, and Google's cloud platform is analyzed to determine how distributed computing is implemented in its particular model.     

Credibility protection for resource sharing and collaborating in non-center network computing environments

Non-center network computing environments have some unique characteristics, such as instability, heterogeneity, autonomy, distribution and openness, which bring serious issues of security and reliability. This article proposes a brand-new credibility protection mechanism for resource sharing and collaboration in non-center network computing environments. First, the three-dimensional hierarchical classified topology （3DHCT） is proposed, which provides a basic framework for realizations of the identity credibility, the behavior credibility and the capability credibility. Next, the agent technology is utilized to construct the credibility protection model. This article also proposes a new comprehensive credibility evaluation algorithm with simple, efficient, quantitative and able to meet the requirements of evaluating behavior credibility and the capability credibility evaluation as well. The Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence and the combination rule are used to achieve the evaluation of the capability credibility. The behavior credibility is evaluated with the current and historical performance of nodes for providers and consumers to realize more accurate prediction. Based on the non-center network computing simulation test platform, simulation is been conducted to test the performance and validity of the proposed algorithms. Experiment and analysis show that the proposed algorithms are suitable for large-scale, dynamic network computing environments, and able to maintain the credibility for networks without relying on central node, make a non-center network gradually evolve into an orderly, stable and reliable computing environment efficiently.     

IT infrastructure Construction： Based on Competitive Advantage

Information technology （IT） infrastructure is the foundation of information sharing, storage, and processing upon which the entire business depends and it changes not only inner organizational structures but also outer competitive conditions. An IT infrastructure that possesses elements unique to a particular organization and difficult to duplicate can produce competitive advantage. To achieve this advantage, not only the inner integration of technology, personnel and business process in a firm is needed, but also a platform for electronic commerce is required. The purpose of this study is to establish the whole concept framework for IT infrastructure, based on competitive advantage, and to propose ideas about the construction of IT infrastructure system.     

MTBAC： A Mutual Trust Based Access Control Model in Cloud Computing

As a new computing mode, cloud computing can provide users with virtualized and scalable web services, which faced with serious security challenges, however. Access control is one of the most important measures to ensure the security of cloud computing. But applying traditional access control model into the Cloud directly could not solve the uncertainty and vulnerability caused by the open conditions of cloud computing. In cloud computing environment, only when the security and reliability of both interaction parties are ensured, data security can be effectively guaranteed during interactions between users and the Cloud. Therefore, building a mutual trust relationship between users and cloud platform is the key to implement new kinds of access control method in cloud computing environment. Combining with Trust Management（TM）, a mutual trust based access control （MTBAC） model is proposed in this paper. MTBAC model take both user＇s behavior trust and cloud services node＇s credibility into consideration. Trust relationships between users and cloud service nodes are established by mutual trust mechanism. Security problems of access control are solved by implementing MTBAC model into cloud computing environment. Simulation experiments show that MTBAC model can guarantee the interaction between users and cloud service nodes.     

Transport Layer Optimization for Cloud Computing Applications via Satellite： TCP Noordwijk＋

Cloud computing can significantly improve efficiency in Internet utilization and data management.Several cloud applications（file sharing,backup,data up/download etc.） imply transfers of large amount of data without real-time requirements.In several use-cases cloud-computing solutions reduce operational costs and guarantee target QoS.These solutions become critical when satellite systems are utilized,since resources are limited,network latency is huge and bandwidth costs are high.Using satellite capacity for cloud-computing bulk traffic,keeping acceptable performance of interactive applications,is very important and can limit the connectivity costs.This goal can be achieved installing in the Set Top Box（STB） a proxy agent,to differentiate traffic and assign bandwidth according to priority,leaving spare capacity to bulk cloud computing traffic.This aim is typically reached using a specific QoS architecture,adding functional blocks at network or lower layers.We propose to manage such a process at transport layer only.The endpoint proxy implements a new transport protocol called TCP Noordwijk＋,introducing a flow control differentiation capability.The proxy includes TPCN＋ which efficiently transfers low-priority bulk data and handles interactive data,keeping a high degree of friendliness.The outcomes of Ns-2simulations confirm applicability and good performance of the proposed solution.     

电信云的兴起(英文)

Cloud computing is the latest major evolution in computing technology.The convergence between cloud computing and telecom networks could significantly reduce costs and bring new business opportunities for operators.Currently,traditional telecom operators are embarrassed by the fact that the increase in revenue cannot catch up with the quick growth of users and the expansion of networks.With the introduction of the cloud computing technology,operators can virtualize the network functions through low-cost COTS IT hardware.All kinds of existing services can be cloudified and thus obtain the benefits of statistical multiplexing among IT resources.With the Telco Cloud architecture,operators can manage both IT infrastructures and network resources intelligently in order to adapt to the dynamic demands from the application and to establish open platforms for developing new services.     

Cloud Computing （4）

8 Case Study Cloud computing is still a new phenomenon. Although many IT giants are developing their own cloud computing infrastructures,platforms, software, and services, few have really succeeded in becoming cloud computing providers.     

Virtualizing Network and Service Functions： Impact on ICT Transformation and Standardization

Virtualization of network/service functions means time sharing network/service（and affiliated）resources in a hyper speed manner.The concept of time sharing was popularized in the 1970s with mainframe computing.The same concept has recently resurfaced under the guise of cloud computing and virtualized computing.Although cloud computing was originally used in IT for server virtualization,the ICT industry is taking a new look at virtualization.This paradigm shift is shaking up the computing,storage,networking,and ser vice industries.The hope is that virtualizing and automating configuration and service management/orchestration will save both capes and opex for network transformation.A complimentary trend is the separation（over an open interface）of control and transmission.This is commonly referred to as software defined networking（SDN）.This paper reviews trends in network/service functions,efforts to standardize these functions,and required management and orchestration.     

Fairness of sharing protection for multicast in WDM networks

In this paper, the sharing schemes of multicast in survivable Wavelength-Division Multiplexed （WDM） networks are studied and the concept of Shared Risk Link Group （SRLG） is considered. While the network resources are shared by the backup paths, the sharing way is possible to make the backup paths selfish. This selfishness leads the redundant hops of the backup route and a large number of primary lightpaths to share one backup link. The sharing schemes, especially, the self-sharing and cross-sharing, are investigated to avoid the selfishness when computing the backup light-tree. In order to decrease the selfishness of the backup paths, it is important to make the sharing links fair to be used. There is a trade-off between the self-sharing and cross-sharing, which is adjusted through simulation to adapt the sharing degree of each sharing scheme and save the network resources.     

Production and Innovation in Supply Platforms： Insights from the Innovation Systems and Value Chain Approaches

This paper introduces the term ＇supply platform＇ as a tentative and open-ended concept that captures characteristics of central importance for the study of export-oriented producers. As regional concentrations of export-oriented suppliers in China and India are maturing, many firms are now striving to build up innovation capabilities. How do we study the transition from production capabilities to innovation capabilities in supply platforms？ This paper reviews the insights from the innovation systems and global value chain literatures and discusses how we may build on these approaches for empirical studies of transition. It is found that these literatures provide important hypotheses for empirical research but more conceptual work is needed in order to address adequately the question of interest.     

Improving Performance of Cloud Computing and Big Data Technologies and Applications

Cloud computing technology is changing the development and usage patterns of IT infrastructure and applications. Virtualized and distributed systems as well as unified management and scheduling has greatly im proved computing and storage. Management has become easier, andOAM costs have been significantly reduced. Cloud desktop technology is develop ing rapidly. With this technology, users can flexibly and dynamically use virtual ma chine resources, companies＇ efficiency of using and allocating resources is greatly improved, and information security is ensured. In most existing virtual cloud desk top solutions, computing and storage are bound together, and data is stored as im age files. This limits the flexibility and expandability of systems and is insufficient for meetinz customers＇ requirements in different scenarios.     

Parallel Web Mining System Based on Cloud Platform

Traditional machine-learning algorithms are struggling to handle the exceedingly large amount of data being generated by the internet. In real-world applications, there is an urgent need for machine-learning algorithms to be able to handle large-scale, high-dimensional text data. Cloud computing involves the delivery of computing and storage as a service to a heterogeneous community of recipients. Recently, it has aroused much interest in industry and academia. Most previous works on cloud platforms only focus on the parallel algorithms for structured data. In this paper, we focus on the parallel implementation of web-mining algorithms and develop a parallel web-mining system that includes parallel web crawler; parallel text extract, transform and load (ETL) and modeling; and parallel text mining and application subsystems. The complete system enables variable real-world web-mining applications for mass data.     

Mobile Cloud Computing and Applications

In 2010, cloud computing gained momentum.Cloud computing is a model for real-time, on-demand, pay-for-use network access to a shared pool of configurable computing and storage resources.It has matured from a promising business concept to a working reality in both the private and public IT sectors.The U.S.government, for example, has requested all its agencies to evaluate cloud computing alternatives as part of their budget submissions for new IT investment.     

Efficient Task Scheduling for Many Task Computing with Resource Attribute Selection

Many Task Computing（MTC）is a new class of computing paradigm in which the aggregate number of tasks,quantity of computing,and volumes of data may be extremely large.With the advent of Cloud computing and big data era,scheduling and executing large-scale computing tasks efficiently and allocating resources to tasks reasonably are becoming a quite challenging problem.To improve both task execution and resource utilization efficiency,we present a task scheduling algorithm with resource attribute selection,which can select the optimal node to execute a task according to its resource requirements and the fitness between the resource node and the task.Experiment results show that there is significant improvement in execution throughput and resource utilization compared with the other three algorithms and four scheduling frameworks.In the scheduling algorithm comparison,the throughput is 77%higher than Min-Min algorithm and the resource utilization can reach 91%.In the scheduling framework comparison,the throughput（with work-stealing）is at least 30%higher than the other frameworks and the resource utilization reaches 94%.The scheduling algorithm can make a good model for practical MTC applications.     

Design of a Cloud Service for Learning Chinese Pronunciation

With the fast growing of cloud computing infrastructure, learning from cloud services has become more and more convenient for people worldwide. In order to integrate the cloud computing technology and different e-learning platforms including variant mobile apps, Windows and web-based applications, we develop our Chinese learning system "analytic Chinese helper" with a service-oriented architecture(SOA). Based on the new architecture we designed and developed a cloud service for the e-learning of Chinese language on the Internet as a convenient resource for foreign students, especially in the reading of Chinese texts. There are two Chinese phonetic systems: Pinyin and Zhuyin. Pinyin is the official Romanization of Chinese characters, and Zhuyin incorporates additional Bopomofo symbols which transcribe precise sounds of Chinese characters. The proposed analytic Chinese helper provides real-time annotations with Pinyin or Zhuyin symbols, and thereby the annotated articles can be used as e-learning objects in learning Chinese.     

Enhanced Identifying Gene Names from Biomedical Literature with Conditional Random Fields

Identifying gene names is an attractive research area of biology computing. However, accurate extraction of gene names is a challenging task with the lack of conventions for describing gene names. We devise a systematical architecture and apply the model using conditional random fields （CRFs） for extracting gene names from Medline. In order to improve the performance, biomedical ontology features are inserted into the model and post processing including boundary adjusting and word filter is presented to solve name overlapping problem and remove false positive single words. Pure string match method, baseline CRFs, and CRFs with our methods are applied to human gene names and HIV gene names extraction respectively in 1100 abstracts of Medline and their performances are contrasted. Results show that CRFs are robust for unseen gene names. Furthermore, CRFs with our methods outperforms other methods with precision 0.818 and recall 0.812.