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在目标跟踪中,为了克服粒子滤波的粒子退化和贫化问题,提高滤波精度,文中将差分演化算法与容积粒子滤波相结合,形成了差分演化容积粒子滤波算法。在粒子进行先验更新时, 使用容积卡尔曼滤波算法融入当前时刻的量测信息并用其来产生重要性密度函数,并且在重采样阶段,用差分演化算法对根据重要性密度函数抽取的采样粒子做优化操作,从而克服粒子滤波存在的粒子退化及贫化问题,提高滤波性能。实验结果表明,和粒子滤波、无迹粒子滤波、容积粒子滤波相比,该算法有着更高的滤波精度和更好的稳定性,并且能够提高雷达机动目标跟踪的精确性。 相似文献
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为提高多传感器融合的精确度,提出一种容积信息粒子多传感器融合算法。算法将容积信息滤波(CIF)和粒子滤波(PF)结合一起,采用CIF传递PF的粒子,通过引入信息贡献向量和信息贡献矩阵,将多个传感器的量测信息更新到PF的粒子中,提高粒子与真实状态后验概率分布的逼近程度,改进多传感器融合精确度。同时将CIF估计值作为粒子,消除随机扰动对融合的影响,提高粒子有效度,进一步提高融合精确度。仿真与实验表明,算法能够有效处理集中式多传感器融合问题,具有较高的滤波精确度。 相似文献
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毫米波/红外多传感器融合跟踪算法研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
毫米波/红外(MMW/IR)传感器是各国发展多模复合制导技术的重点.针对平方根无迹卡尔曼滤波(SR-UKF)的估计算法存在线性化误差及粒子滤波中得到优化的重要性密度函数比较困难的问题,将平方根无迹卡尔曼滤波与粒子滤波相结合,提出一种序贯融合的平方根无迹卡尔曼粒子滤波(SRUKPF)算法.利用平方根无迹卡尔曼算法得到的状态更新矩阵和误差协方差矩阵,构造粒子滤波的重要性密度函数,这样重要性密度函数能够融入最新观测信息,进而更加符合真实状态的后验概率分布.为验证算法的有效性,以地空导弹中MMW/IR传感器复合制导为背景进行仿真研究与分析,结果表明,该算法克服了粒子滤波法难以得到优化重要性密度函数的缺陷,能有效提高多传感器系统状态估计的精度 相似文献
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基于序贯重要性抽样(SIS)及贝叶斯理论的粒子滤波能够很好地处理非线性及非高斯问题。如何选取重要密度函数以减小粒子退化影响提高粒子滤波精度是粒子滤波的主要问题之一。传统粒子滤波器以高斯分布作为参考分布。由于没有利用新的观测,通常需要大量的粒子才能准确表达状态后验分布。本文采用基于观测迭代的插值参考分布提高重要密度函数估计精度,减少了后验概率密度估计误差,同时结合观测系统的最近一次的量测,更好的匹配后验概率密度。 仿真结果显示该滤波器要优于其他粒子滤波器。 相似文献
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针对Marginalized粒子滤波中随机量测噪声对于非线性状态估计精度的不利影响以及线性状态估计中计算量较大问题,提出了一种基于权重一致性优化的实时Marginalized粒子滤波算法.首先,结合量测系统建模中先验信息的提取和利用,通过粒子权重间一致性距离和一致性矩阵的构建,提出了量测提升策略下权重的一致性优化方法,以改善粒子滤波在非线性状态估计中的滤波精度.其次,通过对Marginalized粒子滤波实现中时间更新和量测更新环节的结构优化,给出了实时Marginalized粒子滤波,以降低蒙特卡罗仿真实现下卡尔曼滤波在状态线性估计中的计算复杂度.最后,在两者的动态结合基础上给出了新算法具体实现步骤.利用基于单站雷达目标跟踪仿真场景,分析了算法性能.理论分析和仿真实验结果验证了算法的可行性和有效性. 相似文献
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雷达目标跟踪量测系统常受到闪烁噪声干扰,导致传统滤波算法的滤波性能急剧下降甚至发散。文中提出了改进粒子滤波算法,利用扩展卡尔曼滤波产生重要性概率密度函数。提出改进的重采样策略,提高采样粒子的有效性。将文中算法与PF及EKPF算法进行了仿真比较,结果表明该算法具有较优的跟踪性能。 相似文献
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Jie Wang Qinghua Gao Hongyu Wang Hongyang Chen Minglu Jin 《Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing》2012,12(10):891-900
Benefitting from its ability to estimate the target state's posterior probability density function (PDF) in complex nonlinear and non‐Gaussian circumstance, particle filter (PF) is widely used to solve the target tracking problem in wireless sensor networks. However, the traditional PF algorithm based on sequential importance sampling with re‐sampling will degenerate if the latest observation appear in the tail of the prior PDF or if the observation likelihood is too peaked in comparison with the prior. In this paper, we propose an improved particle filter which makes full use of the latest observation in constructing the proposal distribution. The quality prediction function is proposed to measure the quality of the particles, and only the high quality particles are selected and used to generate the coarse proposal distribution. Then, a centroid shift vector is calculated based on the coarse proposal distribution, which leads the particles move towards the optimal proposal distribution. Simulation results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed algorithm under the challenging background conditions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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传统粒子滤波器(PF)直接根据状态演化方程产生新的粒子,由于没有考虑新近观测对状态估计的影响,这种滤波器性能较差,即便在粒子数目很大的情况也是如此。为此,本文提出一种基于序贯重要采样(SIS)的改进粒子滤波算法,该算法采用集成了新近观测量的最优采样(或重要密度)函数指导粒子的生成,使粒子权值的方差最小化,能有效减轻粒子退化问题;同时。在粒子重采样之后增加了马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛(MCMC)过程,消除了重采样引起的粒子贫化的负面影响,从而使粒子的多样性得以保持。对非线性系统的状态估计和只测角跟踪的仿真实例均表明,本文所提出的算法比传统估计算法如EKF,UKF具有更高的精度和更强的鲁棒性;与标准PF相比,其性能也有较大的提高,并可以在相同的估计精度下大大减少所需的粒子数目,是一种有效的非线性滤波算法。 相似文献
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Particle filters have been successfully employed to track MIMO flat fading channels for wireless communications. However, an optimal importance density cannot be always found to optimize the performance of a particle filter. A suboptimal importance density such as the prior distribution can be used to reduce the complexity of the particle filtering; however, it has a problem of ignoring the current observations. A class of suboptimal particle filters uses the prior distribution as the important density and moves the predicted particles to the low‐error region. In addition, particle filters require knowledge of noise processes to estimate the posterior distribution. This paper presents a suboptimal particle filter that overcomes the drawbacks of the prior importance density and the noise uncertainty by utilizing the swarm behavior in the particle propagation. The presented method will be applied to estimate the channel state information and detect the transmitted symbols of a MIMO wireless communication system under Rayleigh flat fading channel. Computer simulation of a 2 ×2 MIMO system is presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed suboptimal particle filter technique. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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For the problems of estimation accuracy, inconsistencies and robustness in mobile robot simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), a novel SLAM based on improved Rao-Blackwellized H∞ particle filter (IRBHF-SLAM) algorithm is proposed. The iterated unscented H∞ filter (IUHF) is utilized to accurately calculate the importance density function, repeatedly correcting the state mean and the covariance matrix by the iterative update method. The laser sensor’s observation information is introduced into sequential importance sampling routine. It can avoid the calculation of Jacobian matrix and linearization error accumulation; meanwhile, the robustness of the algorithm is enhanced. IRBHF-SLAM is compared with FastSLAM2.0 and the unscented FastSLAM (UFastSLAM) under different noises in simulation experiments. Results show the algorithm can improve the estimation accuracy and stability. The improved approach, based on the robot operation system (ROS), runs on the Pioneer3-DX robot equipped with a HOKUYO URG-04LX (URG) laser range finder. Experimental results show the improved algorithm can reduce the required number of particles and the operating time; and create online 2 dimensional (2-D) grid-map with high precision in different environments. 相似文献