光子晶体慢光波导色散曲线的FDTD计算

首先介绍了光子晶体的原理,以及光子晶体波导在现代光通信中的应用.设计了一种新型的光子晶体慢光波导结构,基于麦克斯韦方程利用有限时域差分法对光子晶体慢光波导的色散关系进行分析,并利用FDTD进行仿真验证.     

一维光子晶体慢光波导的FDTD研究

设计了一种新型一维光子晶体慢光波导结构。在常规波导一侧进行了特殊的设计,使波导具有周期性结构,从而具有特殊的色散关系,获得慢光效应。基于麦克斯韦方程利用平面波展开法对光子晶体慢光波导的色散关系进行了分析,获得了波导模以及相应的慢光频率。并利用时域有限差分法（FDTD）对脉冲在波导的传播进行了时域上的模拟,对慢光效应进行验证。     

Ge_(20)Sb_(15)Se_(65)硫基光子晶体平板波导的宽带慢光特性研究

通过改变最内层两排空气孔的半径,研究了Ge20Sb15Se65硫基光子晶体平板波导的宽带慢光特性。利用三维平面波展开法,通过计算得到波导的能带结构、群折射率和色散,并分析了它们与内层空气孔半径大小的关系。同时优化第一层和第二层空气孔的半径大小,得到了群速度色散为零的对称型硫系光子晶体波导结构,并在20%的变化范围内获得大小分别为125、40和18的群折射率,对应通信波长处的带宽分别为1.7、5.6、9.7 nm,并讨论了折射率对光子晶体波导慢光性能的影响。并为高非线性、低色散的宽带慢光硫基光子晶体平板波导器件的设计及制备提供了理论基础。     

不同介电常数材料光子晶体慢光特性研究

在研究光子晶体慢光波导中,能带结构和色散特性是两个最重要的问题.采用平面波展开法及相关的数学理论推导,研究不同的介电常数材料对光子晶体线缺陷波导中慢光传播性质的影响,对二维线缺陷光子晶体慢光特性进行模拟和计算.仿真结果显示:随着材料介电常数的增大,慢光波导的相对禁带宽度增加,缺陷模式导光频率降低,群速度减小.因此,选择...     

基于方形孔线缺陷的新型光子晶体零色散慢光结构研究

为了获得最优化的光子晶体零色散慢光结构,在传统的光子晶体线缺陷波导结构的基础上,进一步在线缺陷上下两侧各引入了两排方形空气孔,并进一步优化了这两排方形孔的结构参数。通过平面波展开法(PWE)与时域有限差分法(FDTD)进行数值分析表明,这种新型结构的光子晶体波导能够在中心波长1550 nm处实现带宽为8.34 nm、平均群折射率为61、群速度色散(GVD)为104量级的理想宽带慢光。     

非线性线缺陷光子晶体波导的宽带慢光效应

采用克尔型非线性材料为光子晶体的介质柱,构建线缺陷耦合腔波导。利用非线性有限时域差分法(NL-FDTD)进行模拟仿真,并获得最佳宽带慢光效果。当群速度达到10-2数量级时,带宽为0.0920,比线性光子晶体耦合腔波导慢光带宽提高五倍,而且群速度色散降低两个数量级,实现了低群速度下更宽带宽和更低色散的慢光波导。     

光子晶体线缺陷波导中的慢光研究

研究了线缺陷光子晶体波导中的慢光现象。运用平面波展开法对线缺陷光子晶体波导结构进行了模拟计算,分析了填充因子作为敏感结构参量,其变化对色散性质和群速度的影响。发现光子晶体的填充因子决定了光子晶体带隙中导模的传输特性。随着填充因子的增加,光子晶体波导中的群速度先增大再减小。可以证明,通过改变光子晶体的填充因子,群速度可以达到0.01c以下。     

二维三角晶格介质柱光子晶体线缺陷波导慢光研究

以二维三角晶格介质柱光子晶体线缺陷波导为研究对象,通过平面波展开(PWE)法对光在波导中传输时的慢光特性进行了仿真分析,发现光子晶体的填充因子以及线缺陷中的柱子半径大小决定了慢光导模在光子带隙中的传输特性.随着填充因子的增大,光子晶体波导的导模群速度迅速减小.缺陷柱的半径大小对导模群速度的影响要强于填充比.通过调整填充因子和缺陷柱半径,得到了导模群速度小于0.01c的波导结构.结合慢光导模的群速度色散(GVD)特性分析,发现极慢光区域的GVD值位于105～106量级,能够保证光的高效传输.     

光子晶体波导慢光技术

介绍了光子晶体波导中慢光产生的基本原理,指出目前慢光传输的主要测量手段及热点研究问题,对三种常见的光子晶体波导优化结构进行了简单介绍.     

光子晶体光纤的基模色散特性研究

通过Monro等提出的一种半矢量方法建立了光子晶体光纤的本征方程,解本征方程后计算了三角形光子晶体光纤的模场分布和色散曲线,并分析了光子晶体光纤的结构参数与波导色散的关系,得出了色散补偿PCF具有的结构特点.     

复合结构光子晶体耦合腔波导慢光特性研究

为了设计能够传输宽带低色散慢光的光子晶体波导,以三角晶格圆形介质柱光子晶体结构为基础,使用圆形散射元和椭圆形散射元进行周期性排列,采用平面波展开法对所设计的耦合腔波导进行了仿真分析。结果表明,调整缺陷行椭圆形散射元长轴R_a可以使导模最大群速度从0.035c降低到0.01c,调节缺陷行短轴R_b的值,可以再次降低导模群速度;通过改变微腔周围第1排两种散射元的面积比,能够得到最大群速度0.0065c,波长范围为3.25nm的低色散慢光;将所设计的耦合腔应用于光缓存中,计算得出缓存时间为76.82ps,存储容量达到了15.56bit。这项研究对新型光子晶体慢光器件的设计和应用具有参考意义。     

Design and fabrication of silicon photonic crystal optical waveguides

We have designed and fabricated waveguides that incorporate two-dimensional (2-D) photonic crystal geometry for lateral confinement of light, and total internal reflection for vertical confinement. Both square and triangular photonic crystal lattices were analyzed. A three-dimensional (3-D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) analysis was used to find design parameters of the photonic crystal and to calculate dispersion relations for the guided modes in the waveguide structure. We have developed a new fabrication technique to define these waveguides into silicon-on-insulator material. The waveguides are suspended in air in order to improve confinement in the vertical direction and symmetry properties of the structure. High-resolution fabrication allowed us to include different types of bends and optical cavities within the waveguides.     

Flatband Slow Light in Asymmetric Line-Defect Photonic Crystal Waveguide Featuring Low Group Velocity and Dispersion

In this paper, an asymmetric photonic crystal (PC) waveguide is proposed for slow light transmission. A row of air holes is removed to form a line-defect waveguide, and the lateral symmetry of the waveguide is broken by shifting the holes in the PC cladding on one side along the waveguide axis. Two structural parameters are carefully adjusted: the amount of shift compared with the array of holes in the cladding on the other side, and the radius of the holes closest to the waveguide core in the shifted PC cladding. In the asymmetric waveguide, it is possible to obtain flat band modes with low group velocity (c/50) and low dispersion (on the order of 10⁴ ps²/km) over a signal bandwidth of 40 GHz. The delay-bandwidth product (DBP) of the proposed slow-light device is analyzed and compared with the DBP of the PC waveguides reported in literatures. We find that our structure yields a significant increase in DBP, and improves the effective bandwidth in which we can obtain slow modes with both low group velocity and vanishing dispersion.     

Dispersionless and slow unidirectional air waveguide

Unidirectional waveguides and slow light waveguides both play the key roles in the modern communication system. The unidirectional waveguides do not support slow light. The traditional slow light waveguides are always limited to the group velocity dispersion. To combine both the functionalities of unidirectional transmission and slow light into one waveguide, we add a surface defect into unidirectional waveguide to modulate the odd mode dispersion. Through a structure optimizing, a dispersionless and slow unidirectional waveguide is obtained. The waveguide with compound functionalities is confirmed through the frequency-domain and time-domain simulations.     

基于厄米-高斯函数法研究1维光子晶体波导

为了对折射率型1维光子晶体缺陷波导中的光传输进行有效数值模拟,采用此类型波导的厄米-高斯函数展开方法进行了研究。首先给出了计算方法的详细理论推导,然后利用该方法计算了偏振态不同、结构参量不同的情况下波导本征模式的色散关系、模场空间分布、能量控制因子及等效折射率。结果表明,1维光子晶体缺陷波导与阶跃平面光波导主要差别在于高阶模式,且可通过调节1维光子晶体的结构参量来有效调控高阶模式的传输。     

Light propagation characteristics of straight single-line-defectwaveguides in photonic crystal slabs fabricated into asilicon-on-insulator substrate

Straight single-line defect optical waveguides in photonic crystal slabs are designed by the finite difference time-domain method and fabricated into a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer. By employing an airbridge structure, clear light propagation for both polarizations is observed without any leakage along the waveguide. This experimental result is well explained by photonic bands of pure guided modes. Minimum propagation loss is estimated to be 11 dB/mm. This value is lower than that reported so far for three-line-defect waveguides with an SOI slab structure and almost comparable to that for an index confinement waveguide with a rectangular Si core. This propagation loss is dominated by the scattering loss by some irregularities. However, photonic crystal waveguides have the possibility of an essential lower scattering loss than in the index confinement waveguide because of the inhibition of radiation modes by the photonic bandgap     

Efficient approximation to calculate time delay and dispersion in linearly chirped periodical microphotonic structures

The Bloch mode propagation through the chirped periodical structure is defined by its local dispersion relation. In a slowly varying structure its time delay is the integral of the local inverse group velocity along the propagation direction. The integration can be strongly simplified for linearly chirped structures if the assumption is made that the local dispersion relation is just a scaled and shifted version of the dispersion relation at the input. This assumption leads to exact solutions for the structures with locally uniaxial deformation and provides a good approximation for arbitrary structures with small chirps. The approach is demonstrated for high index contrast chirped Bragg mirrors and complicated photonic crystal waveguide structures, including coupled waveguides and a slow group velocity waveguide.