基于SMS-FBG结构的温度应变双参数传感特性研究

提出了一种基于单模-多模-单模(SMS)光纤干涉结构级联光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)的光纤微结构温度应变双参数测量传感器,并对其应变特性、温度特性进行了实验研究。通过采用光纤熔接手段将长度为35.5 mm的多模光纤熔接在两段单模光纤之间,构成SMS光纤干涉结构,并通过级联FBG制成温度应变双参数测量传感器。结果证明,在200～2 000με应变范围内,单模-多模-单模干涉结构和FBG的应变灵敏度分别为-2.31和1.22 pm/με,线性度分别达到0.999 2和0.999 4;在580～700℃温度范围内,其温度灵敏度分别为58.79和13.64 pm/℃,线性度分别达到0.996 7和0.998 2,可实现温度、应变双参数的同时测量。     

基于磁流体磁体积效应的磁场与温度双参量传感器

为了实现磁场与温度的同时测量,提出并制作了一种基于磁流体(magnetic fluid, MF)磁体积效应的法布里-珀罗(Fabry-Perot, FP)腔与光纤布拉格光栅(fiber Bragg grating, FBG)级联的复合传感结构。注入空芯光纤(hollow-core fiber, HF)的MF液面与单模光纤端面形成的FP腔同时对磁场和温度敏感,与之级联的FBG只对温度敏感。通过同时监测FP腔特征峰与FBG布拉格反射峰的波长漂移,利用传感器磁场与温度敏感系数矩阵,同时获取温度与磁场信息。实验成功制备了初始腔长为56.1μm的FBG-FP温度磁场双参量传感器,磁场与温度灵敏度分别达到了16.21 pm/Oe和9.96 pm/℃,具有体积微小、结构简单、成本低等特点。该传感器可解决常规光纤磁场传感器的磁场-温度交叉敏感问题。     

金属基底增敏的干涉型高温光纤传感器

为了实现对井下潜油电泵机组温度的实时监测,设计了一种由粗锥型单模--多模--单模(Coarse Cone Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode, CCSMS)构成的马赫--曾德尔干涉(Mach-Zehnder Interferometer, MZI)型高温光纤传感器。该结构采用直接熔接的方法将单模光纤与多模光纤相熔接;接着通过调整熔接机的熔接参数,在单模光纤上制作出粗锥结构;最后将制备的结构嵌入铜基板的U型槽中,实现传感器的增敏封装。对封装后的传感器的温度响应特性进行了测试。实验结果表明,在40～250℃的温度范围内,该传感器实现了灵敏度为124.9 pm/℃的温度传感。对其稳定性和重复性进行了测试。结果表明,传感器的稳定性最大误差约为0.44%,重复性最大误差约为2.29 pm/℃。该传感器具有灵敏度高、重复性和稳定性好的特点,有望用于油气井下潜油电泵机组的温度监测。     

同时测量温度和应变的全单模光纤马赫-曾德尔干涉仪

为了实现低成本的温度和应变同时测量,利用光纤熔接机的熔融放电原理制备了基于全单模光纤(SMF)的花生和J型结构级联的马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(CPJS-MZI)。首先利用光纤熔接机的球形程序将两段单模光纤的端面熔成球形,再将小球熔接到一起形成花生型结构;然后在距离花生结构15mm处,将两根单模光纤端面错位一定距离,对其进行熔接形成J型结构;最后对所制备的器件进行温度和应变传感性能的测试。实验发现,CPJS-MZI单个干涉峰强度和波长对应的温度灵敏度分别为-0.012 5dB/℃和52.9pm/℃,应变灵敏度分别为0.015 2dB/με和-11.44pm/με。结果表明,基于SMF的CPJS-MZI可利用单峰实现温度和应变的同时测量,且具有尺寸小、制备容易、成本低等优点,在同时测量温度和应变传感领域具有潜在应用价值。     

基于磁流体和无芯光纤的磁场传感器

用无芯光纤(NCF)作为单模-多模-单模(SMS)结构中的多模光波导,并将其浸没在密封于毛细管内的磁流体(MF)中,形成了一种新型的全光纤化磁场传感器。传感器可利用磁场变化时其透射谱中谷值波长的移动或峰值波长处的透射率变化对相应的磁场变化进行测量。完成了传感器的制作并进行了实验研究,在传感器长约9cm时,实验得到的磁场灵敏度分别达到了78pm/Oe和0.129dB/Oe。除了作为磁场传感器,本文装置还可以用来作为磁控可调光衰减器或光调制器。     

磁流体包覆薄包层光纤光栅磁场传感研究

利用磁流体替代光纤布喇格光栅(FBG)的部分二氧化硅包层,制作了一种磁流体封装薄包层FBG结构的磁场传感器,研究了传感器对磁场和温度的响应特性。结果表明,在5.0～20.0mT的磁场范围内,传感器的波长灵敏度和功率灵敏度分别为34.9pm/mT和-1.063dBm/mT,波长线性响应度达到了99.2%。封装工艺未改变FBG波长随温度线性变化的特性,但受磁流体磁光效应影响,其温度灵敏度减小到9.2pm/℃。该传感器可实现磁场测量中的温度补偿,方法简单、易于实现。     

基于级联腔法布里-珀罗干涉仪的温度和压力同时测量

提出了一种基于级联法布里-珀罗干涉仪(CFPI)的光纤传感器,用于同时测量温度和压力.该传感器由单模光纤(SMF)、空心光纤(HCF)和双孔光纤(DHF)依次熔接在一起而构成.其中,HCF构成空气腔法布里-珀罗干涉仪(FPI),DHF构成石英腔FPI,两个FPI级联形成混合腔FPI.空气腔FPI通过DHF的空气孔与外部环境连通,实现对气压的高灵敏度传感;石英腔FPI利用二氧化硅的热光效应和热膨胀效应,实现对温度的高灵敏度传感.在0.1～0.6 MPa气压范围,60～260℃温度范围,实现的空气腔FPI的气压和温度灵敏度分别为4 nm/MPa和1 pm/℃,混合腔FPI的气压和温度灵敏度分别为0.5 nm/MPa和9 pm/℃.空气腔FPI和混合腔FPI对温度和气压的灵敏度不同,实现了温度和气压的双参数测量,同时该传感结构制造工艺简单,集成度高,灵敏度高.     

基于多模干涉光纤器件的温度补偿

单模-多模-单模光纤(SMS)结构是在光纤中实现多模干涉(MMI)的一种简单而有效方法.利用SMS对温度与轴向应变光谱响应极性相反的特性研究了其温度补偿.研究证实,选择具有适当热膨胀系数的封装材料可以实现有效的温度补偿.使用陶瓷材料可使SMS的温度稳定性达到1 pm/℃.     

一种用于同时测量温度和磁场强度的磁流体LPFG-FBG传感器

针对现有光纤传感器测量温度、磁场强度时灵敏度较低的问题,提出了一种基于光信号的光纤温度磁场传感器。传感器以长周期光纤光栅（LPFG）级联光纤布喇格光栅（FBG）作为传感结构,以磁流体作为磁性敏感材料,采用HF溶液腐蚀光纤包层来提高灵敏度。首先介绍了传感器实现温度和磁场强度的双参量测量原理,然后利用Optigrating仿真软件对LPFG-FBG传感单元进行模拟仿真,最后根据仿真结果制作传感器并搭建实验环境进行温度和磁场强度的测量实验。实验结果表明：当温度为35～85℃时,传感器的温度灵敏度为85.7 pm/℃;当磁场强度为4～20 m T时,磁场强度灵敏度为65 pm/m T,且稳定性良好。     

基于多模干涉和长周期光纤光栅的温度及折射率同时测量

基于多模干涉理论和长周期光纤光栅(LPFG)的传感特性,提出了一种单模-多模-单模(SMS)结构与LPFG级联的光纤传感器,实现了温度和折射率的同时测量。实验结果表明,SMS结构的干涉谱和LPFG对温度和折射率具有不同响应灵敏度,其温度灵敏度分别为0.017nm/℃和0.060nm/℃;SMS结构对折射率不敏感,而LPFG的折射率灵敏度为-35.60nm/RIU(RIU为折射率单位)。因此利用敏感矩阵,实现对温度和折射率的同时测量,得到温度和折射率的最大测量误差分别为±0.59℃和±0.0013。该结构灵敏度高、结构简单,且不易受电磁等干扰。实验结果具有良好的线性度,在生物化学领域应用前景良好。     

磁性石榴石薄膜的磁力显微镜研究

本文采用磁力显微镜（ＭＦＭ）对磁性石榴石（ＹＧｄＢｉ）３（ＧａＦｅ）５Ｏ１２薄膜的磁畴结构进行了观察研究。实验结果表明，磁性针尖的磁特性进行对石榴石ＭＦＭ图像的影响较大，而且随着针尖与样品间距的增大，磁针尖对石榴石畴结构的影响有所降低。另外，改变针尖的磁化方向，得到的石榴石磁畴结构也有所不同。     

磁感应或磁共振,哪个更适合于无线充电?

磁感应与磁共振是目前最主要的两种无线充电技术,本文分析各种技术的优缺点。本文网络版地址:http://www.eepw.com.cn/article/145521.htm     

Magnetic megabits

Improvements in recording densities that are allowing magnetic storage to pack more data than its optical counterparts are examined. The technologies that have driven the advances are discussed. They consist of highly sensitive magnetoresistive heads, ultra-low-noise magnetic media, and advanced signal detection techniques. Disk and tape performances are compared     

磁场中硅熔体的磁黏度

利用魔环磁场,对硅熔体施加横向可调的磁场.采用回转振荡法,测量了硅熔体在不同温度、不同水平方向磁场下的磁黏度.研究结果表明,引入磁场,使硅熔体的磁黏度增加,且磁黏度与磁场强度呈抛物线关系.     

Multiple Magnetic States of Silicon Carbide Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors

Calculations from first principles density functional theory are used to study magnetic properties of silicon carbide doped with several percent of first row transition metal impurities. It is shown that transition-metal-doped SiC can be in either a nonmagnetic or a magnetic state. For different impurities the two states are separated by an energy gap with the width on the order of several tens of milli-electron volts or the transition between the states is gradual. We suggest that, at a high enough temperature, the relationship between the states can change or there can exist a new state which is a mix of the magnetic and nonmagnetic states. Calculated mean-field values of the Curie temperature suggest that ferromagnetic ordering at room temperature is possible in Mn-doped SiC.     

磁场中硅熔体的磁黏度

利用魔环磁场,对硅熔体施加横向可调的磁场.采用回转振荡法,测量了硅熔体在不同温度、不同水平方向磁场下的磁黏度.研究结果表明,引入磁场,使硅熔体的磁黏度增加,且磁黏度与磁场强度呈抛物线关系.     

Magnetic resonance imaging

Signal processing lies at the core of MRI. Data acquisition and manipulation occur naturally in the spatial Fourier transform domain of the image. A review of the imaging process and the associated image characteristics reveals the many opportunities for contributions from the signal processing community. This article develops the Fourier representation of the imaging process from an overview of the physics of the MRI signal. This article also discusses tradeoffs in acquisition time, resolution, and field of view as well as image degradation associated with noise and motion artifacts. In addition, the ability to manipulate soft tissue contrast over a wide range of independent parameters in MRI is outlined     

FePt Magnetic Nanoparticles and Their Assembly for Future Magnetic Media

Magnetic nanoparticles with extremely high anisotropy such as chemically ordered $hbox{L}1_{0}$ phase FePt nanoparticles have been considered one of the best candidates for future magnetic recording media with areal density beyond 1 ${ hbox{Tbit/in}}^{2}$ for either the nanocomposite-film-type heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) media or the self-organized-magnetic-array (SOMA)-type bit patterned media. However, current preparation methods via phase transformation must overcome many obstacles, including particle agglomeration, twinning, and difficulty of easy axis alignment. In this paper, the effort on and promise of the preparation of monodispersed magnetic nanoparticles with high anisotropy by a gas phase condensation method is reviewed and reported. The focus is to review recent progress on the fabrication of monodispersed highly ordered $ hbox{L}1_{0}$ phase FePt nanoparticles without phase transformation, successfully self-assembled and magnetically aligned magnetic nanoparticles for SOMA and HAMR media. The mechanisms for directly forming $hbox{L}1_{0}$ phase FePt nanoparticles during nucleation and growth processes and magnetically aligning these particles are analyzed.      

Magnetic Field Converters Based on the Spin-Tunnel Magnetic Resistance Effect

Russian Microelectronics - The modern designs of magnetic field transducers (MFTs) based on nanostructures with the spin-tunnel magnetoresistive effect (STMR) and the main areas of their...     

Magnetic recording systems

This review of magnetic recording systems concentrates on developments in two particular areas: the video-tape recorder and the rigid disk drive. The consumer VCR represents the state of the art for analog in-contact recording, while the rigid disk drive exemplifies digital recording with rapid access. Various aspects of the mechanical configurations, track-following techniques, heads and media, and signal processing are discussed. More briefly the paper describes other digital systems on flexible media.