用于光学微腔的玻璃微球研究进展

玻璃微球谐振腔具有极高的品质因数和极小的模式体积,近年来它在低阈值微球激光器、微放大器、非线性光学、腔量子电动力学效应以及高灵敏度传感器等领域引起广泛的关注。回顾了玻璃微球的研究历程,从玻璃微球制备方法、微球激光输出、耦合方式和传感器应用方面概括了玻璃微球的研究现状,对其发展前景进行了展望。     

锥形光纤微球腔谐振陀螺光学模式非互易性研究

通过Rsoft软件对锥形光纤倏逝场能量分布特性进行仿真,从理论上分析锥形光纤激发微谐振腔非互易性产生的原因。实验中,光纤熔融二氧化硅微球腔通过高精度三维调节架沿光纤方向移动,每次移动相同距离选取测试点,记录光源正反传输情况下微球腔谐振谱线,得到谐振谱线特征参量随倏逝场变化的非互易性变化规律。通过计算微球腔理论鉴频曲线获得非互易性对陀螺动态范围与灵敏度的影响,并提出抑制方法。     

高品质光学微球腔谐振特性及鉴频特性分析

光学微球腔的回音壁模式使其存储能量大,从而获得高的品质因数。该文介绍了微球腔的制备方法;介绍了微球腔与锥形光纤的耦合理论,并对其耦合特性作出了分析;搭建了微球腔谐振谱探测系统并分析了不同耦合模式下的谐振特性;设计了微球腔谐振频率跟踪与锁定系统。通过仿真得到了不同调制频率下的鉴频曲线,分析了其吸收谱线与色散谱线特性。实验制得微球腔直径为440μm,耦合状态下的品质因数可达1.08×108;调制频率对鉴频曲线特性影响很大,低频调制下,优化调制后,可提升跟踪锁定效果,为后续的实验奠定了良好的基础。     

光学微球腔尾纤曲率敏感特性研究

光学微球谐振腔由于其超高的Q值及极小的模式体积等优点,在高灵敏度传感和光通信等方面得到了广泛的研究,理论分析了尾纤弯曲产生的应力双折射,并分析了其对微球腔谐振特性的影响。定量地改变尾纤弯曲曲率,测试微球腔的谐振波长,研究了微球腔尾纤对弯曲曲率的敏感特性。实验结果表明,光学微球腔尾纤弯曲影响着微球腔的谐振模式,能够导致谐振波长变化,随其弯曲曲率的变大,微球腔的谐振波长持续红移,能够用来测量曲率。     

波导耦合回音壁模式光学微球腔结构耦合特性分析

提出了一种耦合微球和波导系统的有效方法,并在数值和实验上进行了论证.为了研究微球腔和波导系统的耦合特性,首先通过耦合模理论研究了这个系统的2D模型.通过有限时域差分法设计了一个数值仿真系统.在快速傅里叶变换(FFT)处理样本数据后,得到了波长范围从600 nm到1 000 nm的相对强度谱曲线和传输谱曲线.在实验中,采用熔融单模光纤顶端的方法制得了石英材料微球腔.采用热拉技术制得了锥形光纤,用来作为激发微球腔中回音壁模式的波导.测试了这个微球腔-锥形光纤耦合系统,通过优化微球腔与锥形光纤的相对位置得到其品质因数高达2.3×106,耦合效率高达92.5%.这些耦合特性可以很好地用理论结果解释.这些特性表明了其在实际微腔传感和微型激光器中极具潜力.     

谐振式微光学陀螺仪谐振微腔的最新进展

基于Sagnac效应的谐振式微光学陀螺(Resonant Micro-Optical Gyros, RMOG)在集成化、小型化和灵敏度等方面具有巨大潜力,在微纳卫星姿态控制、机器人控制、医学诊断和检测仪器等领域中具有广阔的应用前景,成为近年来研究的热点。谐振微腔作为谐振式微光学陀螺的核心敏感元件,其光学特性与陀螺系统的性能息息相关,谐振腔的研究进展已经严重制约到谐振式微光学陀螺的发展,目前可以通过集成光学技术、微纳光学加工技术和新型材料的应用来减小谐振腔的重量和尺寸,降低成本和功耗,增加系统的可靠性和性能指标。结合期刊会议和相关研究机构披露的信息,简要介绍了谐振式微光学陀螺的发展现状、基本原理以及谐振微腔的特征参量,列举了近期国内外谐振微腔的各种新型结构设计并分析了不同结构的特点与潜力,此外还综述了近期国内外制作谐振微腔的新型材料并总结了不同材料的光学特性,初步探讨了谐振式微光学陀螺敏感单元谐振微腔的后续发展方向和技术发展途径。     

相位调制对高Q光学微球腔谐振特性的影响

光学微腔由于其极高的品质因数(Q)特性而具有广泛的应用前景。该文根据光学微球腔与锥形光纤的耦合原理对光学微球腔的谐振特性进行了实验研究。通过实验研究了相位调制参数对光学微球腔谐振深度的影响,并获得了相位调制电压和调制频率与光学微球腔谐振深度变化的关系。实验结果表明,相位调制参数的变化,对光学微球腔的谐振特性——谐振深度,有一定影响,在应用中根据需要选择合适的相位调制参数。     

相位调制对高Q光学微球腔谐振特性的影响

光学微腔由于其极高的品质因数(Q)特性而具有广泛的应用前景。该文根据光学微球腔与锥形光纤的耦合原理对光学微球腔的谐振特性进行了实验研究。通过实验研究了相位调制参数对光学微球腔谐振深度的影响,并获得了相位调制电压和调制频率与光学微球腔谐振深度变化的关系。实验结果表明,相位调制参数的变化,对光学微球腔的谐振特性——谐振深度,有一定影响,在应用中根据需要选择合适的相位调制参数。     

谐振式陀螺微球腔谐振频率跟踪锁定技术研究

理论上分析了谐振式陀螺系统中的传输特性和正弦波调制特性。为了实现谐振频率的跟踪锁定,设计并搭建了谐振频率跟踪锁定试验系统。通过正弦波调制、解调得到了谐振频率跟踪锁定需要的鉴频曲线。利用PID反馈控制电路和得到的鉴频曲线实现了谐振频率的跟踪锁定,并进一步评估得到了谐振频率跟踪锁定的精度和稳定度。为光学微谐振腔的谐振频率跟踪锁定技术的深入研究提供了参考。     

波导耦合多层结构光学微球腔性能分析

利用时域有限差分(FDTD)法模拟了均匀结构、双层结构和三层结构光学微球腔,得到了各自的能量密度分布,通过对比发现多层结构具有更高的最大能量密度与存储能量和较小的模式体积。波导与多层微球腔之间存在一个最佳间隙,模拟结构的最佳间隙在60～120nm。改变高折射层的厚度和折射率,在特定波长的入射光下可以获得具有较高最大能量密度(大于360)或者较小模式体积的(小于0.03)的微球腔,确定了优化的厚度和折射率。分析高斯光激励的带有导出波导的微球腔,导出波导与微球腔中的光具有相似的激发频谱,表明多层微球腔可以对入射光实现选频并导出。结果显示,多层微球腔具有更好的性能,为光学微球腔后续的结构设计和实际应用提供了一个新的优化思路。     

Coupled mode theory of optical resonant cavities

This paper presents a theory describing coupled optical resonant cavities by means of systems of time-dependent coupled equations for the field amplitudes of standing waves in each resonator. The coupling coefficients entering the theory are derived from first principles. To the author's knowledge, this theory is new. The coupling coefficients can approximately be related to the amplitude transmission coefficients of traveling waves passing between the two resonant cavities. This relationship is checked for an example. Finally, we show that the mode amplitudes of one cavity can be eliminated so that the field in the other cavity becomes coupled to samples of itself taken at earlier times. The coupled-cavity theory applies to cavities with loss or gain. It is here expressed in scalar approximation, but it can easily be extended to vector fields.     

一种计算稳定腔光束参数的方法

采用一种等价腔,利用ABCD定律得到了腔镜上光束参数和等价腔透射光线传递矩阵(M_T=M_1·M_2……M_N)元的关系式,与光线传递矩阵的自洽场方法比较减少了(N-2)个二阶矩阵,从而简化了计算过程。文中还对结果的正确性进行了验证。     

曲面GRIN光学元件近轴光学参数的通用算法

本文利用矩阵和常数ＫＧ方法推导了曲面梯度折射率光学元件的近轴参数，如焦距、象方截距，焦截距，线放大率与主点位置，角放大率与节点位置的表达式，并讨论了势物面形径向对称曲面ＧＲＩＮ光学元件的成象特性，当度为半周期的整数时，发现了其有趣的现象，得出了一些有益的结论。     

一种优化超稳光学腔的数值方法

为了降低超稳光学腔的振动敏感度,在综合考虑振动所导致的腔镜位移及转动后,定义了一个新的表征腔体振动敏感度的参量。采用有限元数值分析方法,用所定义的单一参量优化了一个典型的立式超稳光学腔。优化过程考虑了腔体端面直径、支撑孔位置和深度等关键几何参量。结果表明,优化后的腔体结构和支撑方式可以明显降低超稳腔对振动的敏感度,腔体稳定性比优化前提高1.5倍。该优化方法操作性强,能够有效提升超稳腔仿真和设计的效率。     

A new proposal for eight-channel optical demultiplexer based on photonic crystal resonant cavities

In this paper, we used the novel defective resonant cavities to design an eight-channel photonic crystal demultiplexer. We showed that by choosing appropriate values for the width of the resonant cavity, the desired wavelengths can be separated. The proposed platform has a square lattice of dielectric rods immersed in air. The value of transmission efficiency for channels was obtained in 94\(-\)99 % range. In addition, the maximum value of crosstalk and average quality factor for channels were calculated –11.2 dB and 2200, respectively.     

A simple Markovian method for MTTF calculation

The MTTF of a system design with constant failure and repair rates and with some forms of stand-by redundancy and switching is an important characteristic of the system. Commonly, calculation of the MTTF requires knowledge of the reliability function R(t), which is integrated to yield the MTTF. In many cases obtaining the reliability function is a non-trivial task and its analytic integration may be quite tedious. In the following we describe a simple method of obtaining the MTTF of such systems which avoids the need of knowledge of R(t). The method is Markovian in nature and is based on summing the probabilities of all the possible routes (in the space of states) by which the system can get from its initial state at t = 0 to an absorbing state (failed state), where each such probability is multiplied by the average time required for the system to follow that route. This weighted sum yields the MTTF for any given initial conditions. The method is demonstrated on some useful systems and analytical formulas for the MTTF are derived. It is further demonstrated how the results of the method may be used in the calculation of the MTBF of the system in steady-state.     

All optical half adder based on photonic crystal resonant cavities

In this paper, we are going to propose and design an all optical half adder based on photonic crystal structures. For realizing the proposed structure, we will use two nonlinear resonant cavities inside a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure. Nonlinear resonant cavities will be created by replacing the ordinary rods via defect rod made of nonlinear material such as doped glass. Plane-wave expansion and finite difference time domain methods will be used for simulating the proposed structure. For the proposed structure, the maximum delay time is about 3 ps.     

Numerical method for the calculation of mode fields and propagation constants in optical waveguides

The scalar wave equation for optical waveguides with arbitrary refractive index profiles is solved using a numerically stable integration method. The mode fields and the corresponding propagation constants are determined iteratively. Results for waveguides based on different well-known fabrication techniques are shown and the design of a new sensitive integrated optical switch is proposed.     

Mode charts for elliptical resonant cavities

The letter presents the necessary formulas and graphs for drawing mode charts for cylindrical cavities with elliptical cross-section.