以CzHQZn为主体的有机发光器件的发光效率

采用真空热蒸镀技术,分别制备了结构为ITO/2T-NATA(25nm)/CzHQZn(10～25nm)/TPBi(35nm)/LiF(0.5nm)/Al、ITO/2T-NATA(30nm)/CBP:6%Ir(ppy)3:x%CzHQZn(20nm)/Alq3(50nm)/LiF(0.5nm)/Al和ITO/2T-NATA(30nm)/CBP:6%Ir(ppy)3:10%CzHQZn(xnm)/Alq3((70-x)nm)/LiF(0.5nm)/Al的3组有机电致发光器件(OLED)。器件中,CzHQZn既有空穴传输特性,又是黄光发射的主体。为了提高其发光效率,利用磷光敏化技术,研究了掺杂层中不同掺杂浓度和掺杂层不同厚度时器件的发光效率。结果表明,器件的效率随着掺杂发光层的厚度和掺杂浓度的变化而改变,当发光层的厚度为18nm时,CzHQZn掺杂浓度为10%的器件性能较好;在10V电压下,器件的最大电流效率达到3.26cd/A,色坐标为(0.4238,0.5064),最大亮度达到17560cd/m2。     

利用磷光敏化和空穴阻挡层提高白光OLED性能

利用磷光敏化和BCP的空穴阻挡作用,制备了结构为:ITO/2T-NATA(15nm)/NPBX(20nm)/rubrene(0.2nm)/NPBX(5nm)/CBP∶6%Ir(ppy)3∶15%ADN(30nm)/BCP(10nm)/Alq3(25nm)/LiF(0.5nm)/Al的有机白光器件。器件在电压为7V的情况下,最大发光效率达到5.80cd/A,在12V的电压下最大亮度达12395cd/m2,色坐标为(0.30,0.30),接近白光等能点(0.33,0.33),比非敏化器件最大发光效率3.10cd/A(7V)和最大亮度10390cd/m2(12V)及非敏化不加空穴阻挡层BCP的器件最大发光效率2.13cd/A(8V)和最大亮度8852cd/m2(12V)的性能提高很多。     

利用Ir(ppy)_3敏化CzHQZn提高OLED的性能

用CzHQZn作为受主,利用磷光敏化的方法制备了有机电致黄光和白光器件。黄光器件采用Ir(ppy)3掺杂4,4-N,N′-=咔唑基联苯(CBP),敏化新的黄光材料CzHQZn作为发光层,当发光层厚度为18nm时器件性能最好,最大发光效率为3.26cd/A(at10V),最大发光亮度为17560cd/m2(at10V);白光器件采用多发光层结构,结合ADN的蓝光复合发光,同时加入了电子阻挡层(NPBX)和空穴阻挡层(BCP),获得的白光器件最大发光效率为2.94cd/A(at8V),最大亮度为11089cd/m2(at13V)。     

基于CzHQZn发光的白光有机电致发光器件

利用一种新材料(E)-2-(2-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)vinyl)quinolato-Zinc(CzHQZn)作空穴传输层和发光层制备了白光有机电致发光器件(WOLED),器件的结构为indium-tin oxide(ITO)/4,4′,4′′-{N,-(2-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino}-triphenylamine(2T-NATA)(22 nm)/CzHQZn(xnm)/N,N′-bis-(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine(NPBX)(ynm)/2,9-dimethyl,-4,7-diaphenyl,1,10-phenanthroline(BCP)(10nm)/tris(8-quinolinolato)aluminum(Alq3)(68-x-ynm)/LiF(0.5 nm)/Al。研究发现发光层CzHQZn和NPBX的厚度对器件的发光性能有较大的影响。当CzHQZn厚度x为22 nm、NPBX厚度y为8 mm时,得到了色度最好和效率最大的WOLED,最大电流效率为0.9 cd/A(at ...     

基于MCzHQZn的有机电致发光器件

通过结构为ITO/2T-NATA(20nm/NPBx(20nm)/MCzHQZn(30nm)/BCP(10nm)/Alq3(20nm)/LiF(0.5nm)/Al、ITO/2T-NATA(30nm/MCzHQZn(30nm)/BCP(10nm)/Alq3(30nm)/LiF(0.5nm)/Al和ITO/2T-NATA(20nm/MCzHQZn(30nm)/NPBx(16nm)/BCP(10nm)/Alq3(25nm)/LiF(0.5nm)/Al的3组有机电致发光器件(OLED),证明了MCzHQZn既具有空穴传输特性,又具有较好的发光特性。MCzHQZn在器件1中作发光层,器件最大亮度在电压16V时达到3692cd/m2,电压13V时的最大效率为0.90cd/A,发光的峰值波长为564nm;MCzHQZn在器件2中既作发光层又作空穴传输层,器件最大亮度在电压为13V时达到1929cd/m2,电压12V时的最大效率为0.57cd/A,发光的峰值波长也为564nm;MCzHQZn在器件3中作空穴传输层,由NPBx作发光层,器件最大亮度在电压为14V时达到3556cd/m2,电压9V时的最大效率为1.08cd/A,发光的峰值波长为444nm。     

空穴注入层2T-NATA对OLED器件性能的影响

为了提高有机电致发光器件OLED的发光效率,引入2T-NATA作为空穴注入层,制备了结构为ITO/2T-NATA(Xnm)/NPB(25nm)/Alq3:C545T(20nm:质量分数4.5%)/Alq3(30nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(100nm)的绿光器件,其中X为空穴注入层2T-NATA厚度。分析了2T-NATA的蒸镀厚度分别0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35nm时器件的发光性能。结果表明,2T-NATA的HOMO能级较好的与ITO功函数匹配,降低了空穴注入势垒,引入空穴注入层2T-NATA提高了器件的发光亮度和效率。当2T-NATA厚度为15nm时,器件的效果最好,起亮电压只需2.87V,亮度最高达到18000cd/m2,是不引入空穴注入层亮度的5倍多,在12V时发光效率可达11.4cd/A。     

空穴传输层NPBX厚度对白光OLED性能的影响

讨论了空穴传输层材料NPBX厚度对白光有机电致发光器件(OLED)性能的影响.采用了ITO/2T-NATA/NPBX/DPVBi/Rubrene/DPVBi/Rubrene/Alq3/LiF/Al的多层结构器件.在这种多层结构的器件中,其他材料的厚度保持不变,使NPBX的厚度按10、15、20、25 nm的规律改变.当NPBX厚度为15 am时,器件性能最好.该器件在14 V电压下最大亮度为19 300cd/m2,在7 V的电压下最大效率为5.326 cd/A,色坐标为(0.27,0.33).     

基于rubrene掺杂剂的高亮度白色有机电致发光器件

采用CBP主体材料中掺杂rubrene,制备了结构为ITO/2T-NATA(25 nm)/NPBX(20 nm)/CBP: 1%rubrene(10 nm)/NPBX(5 nm)/DPVBi(30 nm)/TPBi(20 nm)/Alq(10 nm)/LiF(1 nm)/Al的白光器件,此结构将器件的发光区控制在了DPVBi层和rubrene掺杂层.利用rubrene染料本身的载流子俘获空穴特性与CBP母体转移来的能量发射荧光特性,以及插入的5 nm NPBX的电子阻挡特性获得了高亮度的白光器件.此器件在驱动电压为16 V时最大亮度达到25 110 cd/m2,对应的色坐标为(0.30,0.34),在驱动电压为10 V时最大电流效率为5.32 cd/A,外量子效率为1.65%.而且,驱动电压在10～16 V时,即达到最大亮度和最大效率时,其色坐标都在白光等能点(0.33,0.33)附近.     

利用C-545T超薄层多层结构的白光器件

为了探讨(3-545T超薄层的发光特性,设计了结构为:ITO/2T-NATA(20 nm)/NPBX(20 nm)/C-545T(d nm)/BCP(8 nm)./Alq(40 nm)/LiF(0.5 nm)/Al的绿光器件.结果表明,随着C-545T层厚度d的增加,器件的亮度和效率均下降,这是由于C-545T染料的浓度淬灭效应引起的.在此基础上,制备了基于C-545T超薄层为发光层之一的多层结构的白光器件,器件结构为:ITO/NPBX(30 nm)/Rubrene(0.2 nm)/NPBX(5 nm)/DPVBi (20 nm)/NPBX(4 nm)/C-545T(0.1 nm)/Alq(30 nm)/LiF(0.5 nm)/Al.在驱动电压为16 V时,其最大亮度达到12 320 cd/m2,对应的色坐标为(0.32,0.40),在电压为4 V时,最大光功率效率达到了3.45 lm/w.     

掺杂C545T对2T-NATA作为空穴注入层OLED性能的影响

实验制备了6组结构为ITO/2T-NATA(15 nm)/NPB(25 nm)/Alq3(20 nm):C545T(x%)/Alq3(30 nm)/LiF(1 nm)/Al(100 nm)的绿光多层结构OLED器件,其中x分别为0、1、2、3、4和5.比较了不同掺杂浓度条件下OLED器件的电致发光特性,结果表明:用2T-NATA作为空穴注入层可有效提高载流子的注入效果,同样能够达到高亮度.将C545T掺杂到Alq3中能够明显改善器件的发光亮度和色纯度,并调节载流子复合区域的位置,有效提高发光效率.掺杂C545T对器件性能的影响显著,随着C545T掺杂浓度的提高,电流和亮度先增大后减小.当掺杂浓度为3%时,14 V电压下的最大发光亮度达到12 418 cd/m2,浓度为2%时的器件,在12 V驱动电压下的最大电流效率为10.22 cd/A.     

Technology innovation and process integrations for sub-100nm gate patterning

This paper presents a brief overview of the Applied Centura(R)DPS(R)system,configured with silicon etch DPS Ⅱ chamber, with emphasis on discussing tuning capability for CD uniformity control. It also presents the studies of etch process chemistry and film integration impact for an overall successful gate patterning development. Discussions will focus on resolutions to key issues, such as CD uniformity, line-edge roughness, and multilayer film etching integration.     

White organic light-emitting devices based on fac tris（2- phenylpyridine） iridium sensitized 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnap -hthacene

We have fabricated the white organic light-emitting devices （WOLEDs） based on 4,4＇ -bis（2,2 -diphenyl vinyl）-1,1＇ - biphenyl （DPVBi） and phosphorescence sensitized 5,6,11,12,-tetraphenylnaphthacene （rubrene）. The device structure is ITO/2T-NATA （20 nm）/NPBX （20 nm）/CBP： x%Ir（ppy）3：0.5% rubrene （8 nm）/NPBX （5 nm）/DPVBi （30 nm）/Alq（30 nm）/LiF（0.5 nm）/A1. In the devices, DPVBi acts as a blue light-emitting layer, the rubrene is sensitized by a phosphorescent material, fac tris （2-phenylpyridine） iridium [Ir（ppy）3], acts as a yellow light-emitting layer, and N,N＇ -bis- （1-naphthyl）- N,N＇ -diphenyl -1, 1＇ -biphenyl-4,4＇ -diamine （NPBX） acts as a hole transporting and exciton blocker layer, respectively. When the concentration of Ir （PPY）3 is 6wt%, the maximum luminance is 24960 cd/m^2 at an applied voltage of 15 V, and the maximum luminous efficiency is 5.17 cd/A at an applied voltage of 8 V.     

Complete approach to automatic identification and subpixel center location for ellipse feature

To meet the need of automatic image features extraction with high precision in visual inspection, a complete approach to automatic identification and sub-pixel center location for similar-ellipse feature is proposed. In the method, the feature area is identified automatically based on the edge attribute, and the sub-pixel center location is accomplished with the leastsquare algorithm. It shows that the method is valid, practical, and has high precision by experiment. Meanwhile this method can meet the need of instrumentation of visual inspection because of easy realization and without man-machine interaction.     

小角度扩展相关性近似算法分析

本论文提出一种在多天线MIMO信道相关性建模中小角度扩展近似理论算法,并应用于分析MIMO系统性能。分析中分别对三种不同角能量分布情况下的空间相关性研发快速近似计算法,并同时提出双模(Bi-Modal)角能量分布情况下的近似运算。通过分析这些新方法的近似效率,可以得到计算简单、复杂度低、而且符合实际的MIMO相关信道矩阵,对系统级的快速高效计算法的研究和系统级的评估以及误差分析具有重要的意义。     

A Versatile Mixed-Signal Pin Approach for Cost-Effective Test of Automotive ICs

Integrated circuits (ICs) intended for increasingly sophisticated automotive applications bring unique test demands. Advanced ICs for applications such as highly integrated automatic braking system (ABS) and airbag controllers combine high voltage digital channels, significant VI demands and precise timing capability. Along with continued missioncritical reliability concerns, the trend toward higher voltage operation and increased device integration requires specialized test capabilities able to extend across the wide operating ranges found in automotive applications. Among these capabilities, automotive test requirements increasingly dictate a need for a cost-effective versatile mixed-signal pin electronics with very high data rates reaching up to 50MHz with a voltage swing of-2 V to +28 V.     

Optical vibration and deviation measurement of rotating machine parts

It is of interest to get appropriate information about the dynamic behaviour of rotating machinery parts in service. This paper presents an approach of optical vibration and deviation measurement of such parts. Essential of this method is an image derotator combined with a high speed camera or a laser doppler vibrometer （LDV）.     

社长序言（英文）

正Happy New Year!As we step into a new year,we take a look back at the key feature topics covered in China Communications over the past 12 months and set out our expecta-     

Call for Papers

正Introduction Jointly sponsored by the China Institute of Communications(CIC)and the IEEE Communications Society(IEEE ComSoc)since the year 2013,China Communications,currently,is aiming to gradually realise the transition from journal to magazine content and style.     

INTEGRATION OF OPTICAL AND WIRELESS NETWORKS

正For a long time,optical and wireless systems/net-works are developed in separate communities witha few attempts for in-depth convergence.In fact,it prom-ises many advantages to combine the optical and wire-less technologies in the levels of systems and networks.Recently,both academia and industry have made manyefforts to enter a new phase of development to take op-tical and wireless systems as fully integrated networks.To provide high bandwidth and reliable service for bothfixed and mobile users,a well-designed network must     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.3,2015

正Smart Grid Communications The electric power industry is undergoing profound changes as the industry aims to capture the promise of a smart grid for a sustainable energy future.Enabled by the advanced sensing devices such as Phasor Measurement Units(PMUs),increasingly powerful