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机上定标是定量遥感的最基本环节,本文在阐述红外扫描仪机上定标原理的基础上,结合实验详细分析了定标系统的几种影响因素:黑体的辐射率、测温精度和测温传感器的热响应时间,并给出了相应的实际解决方法及机上红外定标系统的设计原则. 相似文献
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基于加权最优化模型的机载InSAR联合定标算法 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
多个相邻场景同时进行干涉参数外定标的过程称为联合定标,联合定标能够保证相邻场景的高程衔接性,能够实现无控制点场景的干涉定标。该文提出了一种适用于机载InSAR系统的联合定标算法,该算法利用控制点和同名点信息,建立了关于待定标参数的约束方程组,并通过最优化的方法对其进行求解。同时依据各控制点和同名点处的相干系数、位置分布的不同,对各约束方程进行了加权,从而顾及到了不同质量和分布的控制点、同名点在联合定标中的权重差异。实测数据处理结果表明,该文算法优于传统的基于敏感度方程模型的联合定标算法。 相似文献
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天线外定标是实现星载SAR天线方向图在轨测试的主要手段。天线方向图的准确测量,对星载SAR图像的应用具有重要作用。分布目标辐射定标在星载SAR天线方向图测试中受到广泛重视。亚马逊热带雨林的后向散射系数呈现大面积的均匀性和稳定性,故成为分布目标定标最主要的定标场。该文在分布目标定标原理的基础上,对基于亚马逊热带雨林的星载SAR天线方向图测量算法进行了研究,提出了采用K.Pearson统计量非参数假设检验的一致性处理算法,并采用Levenberg-Marquard算法(LM算法)估计俯仰向天线方向图模型参数。仿真数据验证了算法的可靠性和准确性。 相似文献
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多视角未标定图像三维测量算法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文中提出了一种针对多视角未定标图像序列的三维测量算法,该算法无须先验信息只需利用多视角图像序列.首先对图像序列进行特征点提取进而得到基础矩阵,然后利用简化的Kruppa方法计算各个视角对应摄像机的内参数,再次通过奇异值分解得到视角间的平移和旋转运动,最后利用已知距离信息进行三维点重建完成三维测量.实验室情形下的实验证明了算法的效果. 相似文献
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中巴地球资源一号卫星红外多光谱扫描仪、交叉定标方法研究 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2
建立CBERS—1上搭载的红外多光谱扫描仪(IRMSS)与FY—1C通道4及Landsat-7上ETM 波段6多星星载热红外遥感仪器交叉定标的算法模型,利用美国Landsat-7上搭载的ETM 红外通道6和FY—1C通道4分别对IRMSS热红外通道进行交叉定标,得到二组定标结果.相同地标点对比分析结果表明,二个定标结果得到的目标点亮度温度相对偏差为1.2K;IRMSS交叉定标结果与Landsat-7ETM 热红外通道在轨定标结果独立样本对比分析结果,均方根偏差为1.6K. 相似文献
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工作空间测量定位系统是一种基于激光扫描的三维坐标大尺寸分布式测量系统,目前已广泛应用于大尺寸测量领域。该系统可以通过增加发射站数目来扩展量程同时精度并不损失,其前提是有一套精确的全局定向参数。在系统多平面约束的数学模型基础上,阐述了一种基于三维控制场的wMPS全局组网定向方法。在标定空间内设置点位坐标已知的控制点组成控制场,给出了组网定向的模型及优化方法,并给出迭代初值生成方法。实验表明:通过基于控制场全局组网定向方法后,系统与激光跟踪仪对比后点位误差优于0.15 mm,在提高效率的同时大大提高了系统的精度。 相似文献
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针对微惯性测量单元原始输出信息受零偏、标度因数、非正交误差等误差项干扰影响测量精度的问题,提出一种无需借助高精度转台的MEMS IMU快速原位标定方案。在分析MEMS惯性传感器输出特性的基础上建立传感器误差模型,利用六面体夹具设计IMU 24位置连续转停标定方案,以重力及各次旋转角度为参考信息完成传感器误差标定。针对加速度计零偏、标度因数、非正交误差9个参数构造标定模型,采用牛顿法估计误差参数最优值,考虑陀螺仪零偏与标度因数6个误差参数,利用最小二乘法计算误差参数最优估值。分别进行加速度计、陀螺标定补偿实验,实验结果表明,提出的MEMS IMU快速原位标定方法能快速得到传感器误差参数,提高了输出数据精度。 相似文献
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为解决线激光器与多轴式机器人组成测量系统时,激光器与机器人位置关系不确定的问题,提出一种适用于线激光器的手眼标定方法,以空间定点在基坐标系下的坐标不变为基础,通过多姿态测量固定点,求解出手眼标定矩阵。同时设计了以标准球为靶标,以标准球球心为定点的寻点方案,提高了测量精度与可靠性。 相似文献
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《Mechatronics》2017
Calibration is considered to be the most effective way to improve the accuracy of parallel kinematic machine tools (PKMTs). However, ordinary calibrations only considered the time-invariant errors (manufacturing error), neglecting some time-variant errors, a significant one of which is thermal error. Therefore, in this paper, the influence of thermal error was considered in the calibration of a 3-P(Pa)S parallel-type spindle head. First, a new kinematic model of the spindle head was proposed, which is closer to the real physical model, so the thermal error of the spindle head can be considered in the model. Second, the structural parameters of the spindle head were expressed as the sum of the ideal parameters, the manufacturing errors, and the thermal errors. Third, the pose (position and orientation) of the end effector and the temperature of the spindle head were measured. The positions of the temperature sensors were selected using the global temperature sensitivity index (GTSI), which is derived from the global sensitivity index (GSI). Thus, by setting a standard temperature, the thermal error of the structural parameter can be obtained. Fourth, the influence of the thermal error was inputted into the identification equation for calibration, so the results are the structural parameters at the standard temperature (20 °C). To solve the ill-conditioning problem, a Regularization method was used in the identification. Finally, the calibration was verified on a 3-P(Pa)S-XY machine tool. The RTCP test, performed immediately after the measurement, shows that the maximum position error after the calibration is 0.019 mm at the tilt angle of 30° and 0.037 mm at 20°. In addition, the RTCP test after a temperature change shows that the calibration considering the thermal error can improve the average position accuracy from 0.025 mm to 0.015 mm. The calibration method in this paper is expected to be applicable for other machine tools. 相似文献
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Aiming at the problem of external parameter calibration in the combined rotating three-dimensional (3D) scanning process of laser radar and turntable, a fast 3D data scanning and accurate equipment calibration method suitable for industrial application scenarios is proposed. The coordinates of the center of the circle in the laser radar coordinate system are obtained by fitting the coordinates of the center of the circle with the scanning arc. Through the standard size and rotation angle of the target ball, the coordinates of the ball center in the turntable coordinate system are obtained. The rotation parameter R and the translation parameter T of the minimum value of the data set conversion error function in the two coordinate systems are calculated. The experimental results show that the error between the converted data and the actual data is within 0.1 mm, which meets the actual work requirements. This calibration method has the advantages of high accuracy and strong robustness. 相似文献
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机载激光雷达系统是集激光扫描仪、全球定位系统和惯性导航系统等于一体的多传感器集成系统。机载激光雷达的检校和标定是保证激光点云定位精度的关键环节,其中扫描系统安置角误差是影响定位精度的主要因素之一。首先介绍了国产中远程机载激光雷达Mars-LiDAR系统,然后基于误差传播定律对系统误差进行了分析。研究了系统安置角误差的飞行检校方法,采用外场定标的方法将安置角进行动态分离,并通过飞行试验完成了系统安置角误差的动态检校,对Mars-LiDAR系统在3000 m、4000 m飞行高度获取的点云进行了定位精度分析和校正,验证了Mars-LiDAR系统安置角误差检校方法的实用性。 相似文献
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Aiming at the problem of the loss of 3D point cloud, due to the occlusion of the field of view in the 3D measurement process, a measurement scheme based on line-structured light with dual-camera is given. In addition, in the line-structured light measurement technology, the traditional light plane calibration is more complicated, and the three-dimensional measurement accuracy is relatively low. For this reason, this paper used the binocular polar line constraint to calibrate the physical parameters of the light plane. Experimental results show that the dual-camera measurement system can obtain high-precision global measurement results. The maximum measurement error is 0.091 51 mm, and the average measurement error is 0.076 05 mm. Compared with the traditional binocular matching method and the traditional laser triangulation method, this method can deal with the problem of field occlusion more effectively, thereby reducing the loss of measurement information in the measurement process. 相似文献