基于球面Haar小波和卷积神经网络的飞行员虹膜识别

虹膜识别面临两个重要的问题：一是如何精细分解与重构虹膜球面图像;二是如何识别虹膜图特征。虹膜表面几何位置信息是一种重要的信号,传统的虹膜识别通常使用虹膜图像的平面特征,然而人的眼睛是一种球体,从平面图像难以提取到虹膜球体的几何特征。针对平面特征容易出现虹膜纹理的扭曲和失真等问题,该文建议一种正交对称的球面Haar小波(OSSHW)基,对球面虹膜信号进行多尺度分解与重构,获得更精细的虹膜曲面几何特征,同时对比球谐函数和半正交或正交球面Haar小波基的虹膜球面信号特征提取能力。在此基础上,该文提出一种基于卷积神经网络(CNN)和正交对称的球面Haar小波的虹膜识别方法,它能够有效捕获虹膜球体曲面的局部精细特征,比半正交或正交球面Haar小波基具有更强的虹膜识别能力。     

基于球面Haar小波和卷积神经网络的飞行员虹膜识别

虹膜识别面临两个重要的问题:一是如何精细分解与重构虹膜球面图像;二是如何识别虹膜图特征。虹膜表面几何位置信息是一种重要的信号,传统的虹膜识别通常使用虹膜图像的平面特征,然而人的眼睛是一种球体,从平面图像难以提取到虹膜球体的几何特征。针对平面特征容易出现虹膜纹理的扭曲和失真等问题,该文建议一种正交对称的球面Haar小波(OSSHW)基,对球面虹膜信号进行多尺度分解与重构,获得更精细的虹膜曲面几何特征,同时对比球谐函数和半正交或正交球面Haar小波基的虹膜球面信号特征提取能力。在此基础上,该文提出一种基于卷积神经网络(CNN)和正交对称的球面Haar小波的虹膜识别方法,它能够有效捕获虹膜球体曲面的局部精细特征,比半正交或正交球面Haar小波基具有更强的虹膜识别能力。     

Improving iris recognition accuracy via cascaded classifiers

As a reliable approach to human identification, iris recognition has received increasing attention in recent years. The most distinguishing feature of an iris image comes from the fine spatial changes of the image structure. So iris pattern representation must characterize the local intensity variations in iris signals. However, the measurements from minutiae are easily affected by noise, such as occlusions by eyelids and eyelashes, iris localization error, nonlinear iris deformations, etc. This greatly limits the accuracy of iris recognition systems. In this paper, an elastic iris blob matching algorithm is proposed to overcome the limitations of local feature based classifiers (LFC). In addition, in order to recognize various iris images efficiently a novel cascading scheme is proposed to combine the LFC and an iris blob matcher. When the LFC is uncertain of its decision, poor quality iris images are usually involved in intra-class comparison. Then the iris blob matcher is resorted to determine the input iris' identity because it is capable of recognizing noisy images. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the cascaded classifiers significantly improve the system's accuracy with negligible extra computational cost.     

一种基于椭圆投影的非理想虹膜定位算法

人以正常步行速度通过采集装置会出现非理想的虹膜图像.本文针对非理想虹膜中的角度偏离图像,提出了一种基于椭圆投影的虹膜定位算法.该算法首先计算双眼相对位置来决定头部的旋转角度,之后找到瞳孔内一点,从该点出发根据梯度变化搜索到虹膜的内边界点,采用最小二乘法拟合椭圆形内边界.然后依据椭圆与圆形的近似度检测人眼凝视方向,使用投...     

基于过零检测的虹膜特征提取算法

该文针对虹膜图像不理想、噪声影响较大情况下，虹膜识别率下降的问题，提出了一种基于过零检测的虹膜特征提取算法，利用过零检测算子与信号局部的相关性提取虹膜纹理特征，并根据所得的系数进行符号编码形成二值特征模板，最后采用相似度进行模式分类。仿真结果表明，该算法能够提取不理想虹膜图像的稳定特征，提高识别率。     

An image segmentation based method for iris feature extraction

In this article, the local anomalistic blocks such as crypts, furrows, and so on in the iris are initially used directly as iris features. A novel image segmentation method based on intersecting cortical model （ICM） neural network was introduced to segment these anomalistic blocks. First, the normalized iris image was put into ICM neural network after enhancement. Second, the iris features were segmented out perfectly and were output in binary image type by the ICM neural network. Finally, the fourth output pulse image produced by ICM neural network was chosen as the iris code for the convenience of real time processing. To estimate the performance of the presented method, an iris recognition platform was produced and the Hamming Distance between two iris codes was computed to measure the dissimilarity between them. The experimental results in CASIA v1.0 and Bath iris image databases show that the proposed iris feature extraction algorithm has promising potential in iris recognition.     

Iris Recognition Using Wavelet Features

The traditional iris recognition systems require equal high quality human iris images. A cheap image acquisition system has difficulty in capturing equal high quality iris images. This paper describes a new feature representation method for iris recognition robust to noises. The disc-shaped iris image is first convolved with a low pass filter along the radial direction. Then, the radially smoothed iris image is decomposed in the angular direction using a one-dimensional continuous wavelet transform. Each decomposed one-dimensional waveform is approximated by an optimal piecewise linear curve connecting a small set of node points. The set of node points is used as a feature vector. The optimal approximation procedure reduces the feature vector size while maintaining recognition accuracy. The similarity between two iris images is measured by the normalized cross-correlation coefficients between optimal curves. The similarity between two iris images is estimated using mid-frequency bands. The rotation of one-dimensional signals due to the head tilt is estimated using the lowest frequency component. Experimentally we show the proposed method produces superb performance in iris recognition.     

Concealment of iris features based on artificial noises

Although iris recognition verification is considered to be the safest method of biometric verification, studies have shown that iris features may be illegally used. To protect iris features and further improve the security of iris recognition and verification, this study applies the Gaussian and Laplacian mechanisms and to hide iris features by differentiating privacy. The efficiency of the algorithm and evaluation of the image quality by the image hashing algorithm are selected as indicators to evaluate these mechanisms. The experimental results indicate that the security of an iris image can be significantly improved using differential privacy protection.     

一种新颖的虹膜识别算法

虹膜识别通常包含虹膜定位、特征提取以及编码和识别几个关键步骤。本文提出的算法从建立虹膜灰度图像的直方图入手，分析虹膜边界的灰度阈值，依靠投票机制完成虹膜的定位；然后根据人眼的生理构造特点将虹膜分区，再对经过分区处理形成的虹膜纹理特征图像用一维连续Gabor复小波提取虹膜纹理特征点的相角信息；最后对相角信息以二比特格雷码实现一次编码和循环差分二次编码，利用特征多项式计算进行比较的两个虹膜的特征差异矩值(P_frfs)，根据判定阈值(P0)判定，最终实现虹膜识别。     

基于局部频率特征和局部方向特征的虹膜识别算法

描述了一种不同于现有方法的新颖虹膜识别算法,利用多尺度多方向的二维奇对称Gabor滤波器,同时提取虹膜纹理的局部频率特征和局部方向特征.这种方法更全面的描述了虹膜纹理的特征空间,克服了之前的虹膜识别算法只提取局部频率特征或者只提取局部方向特征的局限性.特征匹配采用类似加权市街距离的方法来进行,而且根据眼睑和睫毛的分布特点设计匹配模板,能够最大限度的减少它们对匹配的干扰.与Daugman算法进行对比的实验数据表明,本算法具有非常优越的识别性能.