超晶格GaAs/(GaAl)As(100)和GaAs/Ge(100)的电子结构

本文采用经验紧束缚方法,计算了第一类半导体超晶格(GaAs)_(nl)/(Ga_xAl_(1-x)As)_(n2)(100)和(GaAs_n/(Ge)_n(100)的电子结构。对于GaAs/(GaAl)As,得到了能带边随层数(n_1,n_2)变化的关系及带边电子态的空间分布,并得出能隙随n和组分x的变化(n_1=n_2=n≤10),结果与现有实验值和其它理论计算基本相符;对于GaAs/Ge,计算了GaAs和Ge等厚时,间接能隙随层数的变化,考察了(GaAs)_5/(Ge)_5(100)的能带结构。在两种超晶格中,本文都报道了界面态的存在,讨论了超晶格的准二维性质。     

分子束外延ZnSe/ZnSxSe1-x超晶格光学特性

用分子束外延方法在GaAs(100)衬底上生长了高质量的ZnSe/ZnSxSe1-x(x=0.12)超晶格结构,通过X射线衍射谱和光致发光谱,对其结构特性和光学特性进行了研究.结果表明:在4.4K温度下,超晶格样品显示较强的蓝光发射,主发光峰对应于阱层ZnSe的基态电子到重空穴基态的自由激子跃迁,而且其峰位相对于ZnSe薄膜的自由激子峰有明显蓝移.从理论上分析计算了由应变和量子限制效应引起的自由激子峰位移动,理论和实验结果相吻合.     

应变层超晶格(ZnSe)_(2n)/(ZnS_xSe_(1-x))_(2n)的电子结构

本文用LCAO-Recursion方法研究了应变层超晶格(ZnSe)_(2n)/(ZnS_xSe_(1-x))_(2n)(n=1)的电子结构。计算了两种应变组态(赝晶生长,Free-Standing生长)下超晶格总的态密度,各原子的局域和分波态密度。我们发现:带隙E_g、费米能级E_f和原子价随应变的变化而变化;(ZnSe)_(2n)/(ZnS_xSe_(1-x))_(2n)超晶格中离子键和共价键共存;电子在界面附近发生了转移。     

ZnSeTe／ZnSe量子阱中Te等电子陷阱的静压光子发光谱研究

测量了ZnSe0.92Te0.08/ZnSe超晶格量子阱材料在77K时0-7.8GPa静压下的光致发光谱。观察到ZnSe0.92Te0.08阱层中Te等电子陷阱上的束缚洋鬼子发光，发现它的压力系数比ZnSe带边发光的压力系数小的约50%，表明Te等电子陷阱对激子的束缚势是相当局域的。还观察到了激子在ZnSe0.92Te0.08阱层中的Te等电子陷阱能级与相邻（CdSe)1/(ZnSe)3短周期超晶格之间的转移现象。     

分子束外延ZnSe/ZnSxSe1-x超晶格光学特性

用分子束外延方法在GaAs(100)衬底上生长了高质量的ZnSe/ZnSxSe1-x(x=0.12)超晶格结构，通过X射线衍射谱和光致发光谱，对其结构特性和光学特性进行了研究。结果表明：在4．4K温度下，超晶格样品显示较强的蓝光发射，主发光峰对应于阱层ZnSe的基态电子到重空穴基态的自由激子跃迁，而且其峰位相对于ZnSe薄膜的自由激子峰有明显蓝移。从理论上分析计算了由变就和量子限制效应引起的自由激妇峰位移动，理论和实验结果相吻合。     

在GaAs-Ga_(1-x)Al_xAs超晶格中的浅杂质态

本文用变分法计算了由大量等厚交替层组成的真实GaAs-Ga(1-x)Al_xAs超晶格中浅杂质的基态束缚能.计算中考虑了由于GaAs和Ga_(1-x)Al_xAs层不同有效质量和介电常数以及GaAs导带非抛物性的影响.束缚能作为层厚的函数只有一个峰,与Chandhuri的预料一致.对于极薄的超晶格,束缚能趋于一稳定值.还计算了三量子阱情形的相应量并与Chaudhuri的结果作了比较,结果表明,对x=0.4的情形,束缚能主峰值的修正超过16％.     

可调能隙的光电器件结构——(AlAs)_ (n_l)/(GaAs)_(m_l)渐变周期超晶格

本文提出了一种具有渐变周期的(AlAs)_(nl)/(GaAs)_(ml)(1=1,2,…)超晶格,并采用递归方法计算了这种渐变周期超晶格的电子结构.其特点是带隙E_g在空间随(n_(?),m_(?))渐变.例如,对(AlAs)_4/(GaAs)_4(AlAs)_4、/(GaAs)_5/(AlAs)_4/(GaAs)_6/(AlAs)_4/(GaAs)_7结构,带隙由短周期一端的1.93eV变到长周期一端的1.78eV.同时导、价带边得到不同的调制,因而提高了电子与空穴电离率比值,有可能应用到作光电探测材料.     

GaAs/AlAs短周期超晶格的静压光致发光研究

在室温和液氮温度下对不同层厚的GaAs/AlAs短周期超晶格在0—50kbar范围内进行了静压光致发光研究。在导带最低能级为类Γ态能级(Ⅰ类超晶格)和类X态能级(Ⅱ类超晶格)两种情况下都得到了类Γ态能级与类X态能级差随层厚的变化。首次直接观察到室温、常压下(GaAs)_(11)(AlAs)_(11)超晶格中类Γ态能级与类X态能级发生交叉。从发光峰的强度随压力的变化求得室温下在类Γ态能级与类X态能级恰好交叉的压力下类X态电子和类Γ态电子到价带空穴的跃迁几率之比从(GaAs)_(17)(AlAs)_(17)的1.4×10~(-4)逐渐增加到(GaAs)_6(AlAs)_6的4.6×10~(-3)。表明类Γ态和类X态间的混合较弱。对实验结果进行了简短的讨论。     

超晶格(Al_xGa_(1-x)As)_m/(GaAs)_m中ГX_z态的混和

首先对(001)及(110)超晶格(Al_xGa_(1-x)As)_m/(GaAs)_m的布里渊区折叠进行了仔细的分析。然后采用紧束缚方法计算了单层超晶格的导带沿晶体生长方向的色散关系,并讨论了FXz态的混和效应。同时也计算了(001)及(110)超晶格(AlAs)_m/(GaAs)_m的直接带隙(或赝直接带隙)随层厚m的变化情况。最后,计算了各超晶格导带底能态的静压力系数,由此确定它们是类г态还是类x态,以及它们的гXz态混和情况。     

超晶格(Ge_2)_1/(GaAs)_m(110)(m=1-20)的电子能带结构研究

在紧束缚的框架下,利用重整化方法计算了超晶格(Ge_2)_1/(GaAs)_m(110)(m=1-20)的电子能带结构。计算结果表明,对不同m的超晶格(Ge_2)_1/(GaAs)_m(110) 都具有间接能隙结构,而且间接导带底的电子状态具有明显的二维特性。单层超晶格(Ge_2)_1/(GaAs)_1(110)具有非常小的间接和直接禁带宽度。当GaAs层的层数m逐渐增加时,导带的电子状态逐渐由三维特性向二维特性过渡,但是这一过渡对布里渊区内的各点,情况都各不相同。超晶格导带底的横向色散关系当m≥10以后,基本上不再随m的增加而改变。     

ZnSe heteroepitaxy on GaAs (110) substrate

ZnSe heteroepitaxial layers have been grown on GaAs (100), (110) on axis, and (110) 6° miscut substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. ZnSe on GaAs (110) shows smooth and featureless spectra from Rutherford backscattering channeling measurements taken along major crystalline directions, whereas ZnSe on GaAs (100) without pre-growth treatments exhibit large interface disorder in channeling spectra. ZnSe films grown on GaAs (110) on axis show facet formation over a wide range of growth conditions. The use of (110) 6° miscut substrates is shown to suppress facet formation; and under the correct growth conditions, facet-free surfaces are achieved. Etch pit density measurements give dislocation densities for ZnSe epitaxial layers grown on GaAs (100), (110) on axis, and (110) 6° miscut substrates of 10⁷/cm², 3 × 10⁵/cm² and 5 × 10⁴/cm², respectively. These results suggest that with further improvements to ZnSe growth on GaAs (110)-off substrates it may be possible to fabricate defect free ZnSe based laser devices.     

ZnSe单晶的热壁外延生长(英文)

We have successfully grown a ZnSe single crystal film on GaAs(100) by hoi wall epitaxy. We confirmed that the epilayer is ZnSe single crystal from the analysis of scanning eletron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The strong near-band-edge emission is found in the PL spectra and the Es-band related to free exiton is also very strong. They are much stronger than the deep center band emission, which shows the perfection of the epilayer. We have also studied the ZnSe/GaAs interface by AES and XPS.     

Dislocation nucleation mechanism and doping effect in p-type ZnSe/GaAs

Nitrogen doped ZnSe/GaAs heterostructures grown at 150 and 250°C were studied by transmission électron microscopy (TEM). The density of threading dislocations and the interfacial dislocation structure in ZnSe/GaAs heterostructures are related to the N-doping concentration. In addition, in-situ TEM heating studies show that Frank partial dislocations formed below critical thickness in N-doped ZnSe/GaAs are the sources for nucleation of a regular array of misfit dislocations at the ZnSe/GaAs interface. By the dissociation of the Frank partial dislocations and interaction reactions between the dislocations, the 60° misfit dislocations form. The Frank partial dislocations bound stacking faults which usually form in pairs at the film/substrate interface. The density of stacking faults increases with increasing N-doping concentration. Thus, at high N-doping levels, the dislocation nucleation sources are close together and not all of the Frank partial dislocations dissociate, so that a high density of threading dislocations results in samples with high N-doping concentrations. The high density of threading dislocations in the ZnSe film are found to be associated with a reduction or saturation of the net carrier density.     

Low threshold voltage ZnSe:Mn thin-film electroluminescent cells prepared by molecular-beam growth method

Au/ZnSe:Mn/n-GaAs and Al/ZnSe:Mn/ITO dc-operated electroluminescent (EL) cells were prepared by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) and molecular-beam deposition(MBD), respectively. The threshold voltages achieved in each type of EL cells are lower than any other values reported so far. The ZnSe : Mn layer grown by MBE on a GaAs substrate was single-crystalline while the ZnSe:Mn layer deposited by MBD on an ITO-coated glass substrate was polycrystalline, only     

汽相外延ZnSe单晶的激光发射(英文)

Much work has been done on the laser emission from ZnSe under electron beam pumping. In this paper, the stimulated emission from ZnSe epilayer has been investigated under a nitrogen laser excitation. The ZnSe epilayers were grown by vapor phase epitaxy on (100) GaAs substrates. Optically pumped lasers were fabricated from the ZnSe epilayers by cleaving the ZnSe/GaAs along the (100) cleavage planes into rectangles with widths 100-600μm, and found to operate in the blue portion of the visible spectrum at 77K. The threshold of laser emission was determined to be about 1MW/cm2 from the dependence of the total light output on excitation intensity. The exciton-exciton inelastic collision process is the dominant laser emission mechanism in the ZnSe laser at 77K.     

Investigation of alternative window materials for GaAs solar cells

The optimum window material for surface passivation of GaAs solar cells is investigated using theoretical analysis of optical losses due to window bandgap energy and thickness. A simplified expression is developed to calculate the effective surface recombination velocity in terms of lattice mismatch between the window layer and GaAs, which suggests using a window material with and indirect bandgap energy greater than 2.0 eV, a thickness of less than 0.05 μm, and a lattice mismatch of less than 0.05%. Experimental GaAs solar cells were fabricated and quantum efficiency measurements were made using no window (bare GaAs), Al_0.7Ga_0.3As, Na₂S, and ZnSe/Na₂S windows. The Al_0.7Ga_0.3As and Na₂S windows are shown to passivate the GaAs surface and reduce the surface recombination velocity to less than 10⁵ cm/s, while the ZnSe encapsulating layer was used to permanently maintain the temporary surface passivation effects from Na₂S     

Well-width dependence of the phase coherent photorefractive effect in ZnSe quantum wells

We report on the well-width dependence of the phase coherent photorefractive (PCP) effect in ZnSe/ZnMgSe single quantum wells (QWs) using 90 fs light pulses. The experiments are performed in a four-wave-mixing configuration at temperatures between 25 and 65 K. The ZnMgSe/ZnSe QWs with 10, 5 and 3 nm well width were grown on GaAs substrate using molecular beam epitaxy. With decreasing QW thickness we observe a reduction of the PCP diffraction efficiency. This is attributed to the higher electron energy in small QWs due to the quantum size effect, which leads to a reduced equilibrium density of captured electrons in the QW. With increasing temperature the PCP signal further decreases which is attributed to thermal activation of the QW electrons back to the GaAs substrate.     

Preparation of ZnSe light-emitting diodes by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition using trisdimethylaminoarsine as a p-type doping source

Trisdimethylaminoarsine was used in atmospheric-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition growth of ZnSe on GaAs. The metalorganic precursors employed for ZnSe growth were diethylzinc and diethylselenide, and ethyliodide was used as then-type dopant. P-on-n light emitting diode (LED) structures were prepared, and molecular beam epitaxially deposited HgTe layers were used as ohmic contacts to the p-type ZnSe. Blue LEDs were fabricated on p-on-n samples. Preliminary LED data and the material characterization data are presented.     

脉冲激光烧蚀沉积ZnSe薄膜的研究

用 2 48nm的KrF准分子脉冲激光烧蚀ZnSe靶材沉积ZnSe薄膜。靶采用多晶ZnSe片 ,衬底采用抛光GaAs(10 0 )。衬底预处理采用化学刻蚀和高温处理。原子力显微镜 (AFM )观察显示在GaAs(10 0 )沉积的ZnSe薄膜的平均粗糙度为 3～ 4nm。X射线衍射 (XRD)结果表明ZnSe薄膜 (4 0 0 )峰的半高宽 (FWHM)为 0 4°～ 0 5°。对激光烧蚀团束的四极质谱分析表明烧蚀团束主要由Zn ,Se和 2Se组成 ,并由此推断ZnSe薄膜的二维生长模式。