约瑟夫森结参数对Shapiro台阶的影响研究

 采用PSpice电路仿真的方法,研究了结电容C较小的情况下,电阻电容并联约瑟夫森结模型的参数(临界电流I_c和正常态电阻R_n)对Shapiro台阶高度的影响.发现在射频电流较大的情况下减小R_n可以提高台阶的高度,而在射频电流较小的情况下增加R_n可以提高台阶的高度.保持R_n不变,取不同I_c绘制的台阶高度－射频电流幅度曲线表明,临界电流越大,曲线所对应的台阶高度也越大.研究结果对利用约瑟夫森结作为电压标准和THz信号检测具有指导意义.     

TiO2陶瓷晶界层电容器的研究

本文对TiO₂陶瓷晶界层电容器进行了较为系统的研究。用液相喷雾干燥法制备含Nb⁵⁺,Ba²⁺微量杂质的TiO₂超细原料粉末,研究了TiO₂陶瓷的电性能与烧结温度和测试条件的关系,阐述了TiO₂晶界层电容器的形成机制。     

大半径同轴谐振腔太赫兹回旋管研究

 为了发展大功率太赫兹辐射源,本文对大半径同轴谐振腔回旋管进行了理论和数值模拟研究,理论计算结果表明在同轴谐振腔中其角向对称的TE_0n模式的截止频率与n近似成正比关系,与内外导体之间的距离近似成反比关系.根据上述特点作者设计了一只大半径同轴腔0.3THz、TE₀₄模回旋管,数值计算和粒子模拟结果表明:大半径同轴谐振腔太赫兹回旋管与空心波导谐振腔回旋管相比具有很多优点:腔体尺寸相对较大,工作电流可以大幅度提高;其对称的TE_0n模式与非对称的TE_mn模式的间隔较大,有利于克服模式竞争.     

基于高温超导约瑟夫森结的小型频谱检测仪

为实现对太赫兹信号的频谱测量,以集成对数周期天线的YBa2Cu3O7(YBCO)约瑟夫森双晶结为信号探测器,开展了基于高温超导约瑟夫森结的小型频谱检测仪的研制。在低温环境下,通过THz信号耦合、信号测量、数据读取及LabVIEW控制界面等功能模块,利用Hilbert逆变换完成信号的频谱恢复,最终成功研制出高温超导约瑟夫森结频谱检测仪,并对其进行了基本性能测试,实现了对0.1~2.5 THz的信号检测,频率分辨力高达0.04 GHz(@114 GHz)和2 GHz(@1.78 THz)。此外,对其分辨力的影响因素进行了初步分析。     

高功率多注速调管TM310模圆柱形谐振腔杂模抑制方法

该文针对TM₃₁₀模(主模)圆柱形谐振腔提出了一种新的杂模抑制方法。为抑制与主模相邻的低次杂模TM₀₂₀,采用在谐振腔中放置接收振子天线的方法,并推导了放入接收振子天线后,模式频率变化量的表达式。由此发现：模式频率变化量仅依赖于该模式在接收振子天线处的电场强度,而与其磁场无关;通过适当调整接收振子的位置,可使主模和TM₀₂₀ 模具有不同的频率变化量,从而能增大模式之间的频率间隔,避免TM₀₂₀ 模对主模的干扰。另外,为抑制与主模相邻的杂模TM⁺₃₁₀,采用了在谐振腔中放置短路杆阵的方法。利用CST-MWS软件对X波段此类谐振腔进行了模拟计算,验证了该方法的有效性。     

环Fp+uFp上的Kerdock码和Preparata码

 Kerdock码和Preparata码是两类著名的二元非线性码,它们比相同条件下的线性码含有更多的码字.Hammons等人在1994年发表的文献中证明了这两类码可视为环Z₄上循环码在Gray映射下的像,从而使得这两类码的编码和译码变得非常简单.环F₂+uF₂是介于环Z₄与域F₄之间的一种四元素环,因此分享了环Z₄与域F₄的一些好的性质,此环上的编码理论研究成为一个新的热点.本文首次将Kerdock码和Preparata码的概念引入到环F_p+uF_p上,证明了它们是一对对偶码;并给出Kerdock码的迹表示;当p=2时,建立了环F₂+uF₂上这两类码与域F₂上的Reed-Muller码之间的联系;并证明了二元一阶Reed-Muller码是环F₂+uF₂上Kerdock码的线性子码的Gray像.     

约瑟夫森结的电路模型及其在超导电子学中的应用

为方便约瑟夫森结及其相关电路的仿真研究,根据约瑟夫森方程首次提出了约瑟夫森结的电路模型,给出了具体的电路原理图,并进行了封装.利用这个模型可以对约瑟夫森结的相关特性进行深入系统的仿真研究,这样不必自己编写程序对系统的微分方程进行数值求解,大大提高了工作效率.利用这个模型,对约瑟夫森结的混沌行为、相位锁定特性、RSFQ电路和SQUID进行了研究,结果说明了模型的正确性和实用性,模型的建立对于促进超导器件的相关研究具有一定意义.     

BF2+注入多晶硅栅的SIMS分析

文本采用SIMS技术,分析了BF₂⁺注入多晶硅栅退火前后F原子在多晶硅和SiO₂中的迁移特性。结果表明,80keV,2×10¹⁵和5×10¹⁵cm^-2 BF₂⁺注入多晶硅栅经过900℃,30min退火后,部分F原子已扩散到SiO₂中。F在多晶硅和SiO₂中的迁移行为呈现不规则的特性,这归因于损伤缺陷和键缺陷对F原子的富集作用。     

级联函数的密码学性质

 构造具有好的密码学性质的布尔函数一直是布尔函数的研究热点.在构造具有好的密码学性质的布尔函数的方法中,级联构造方法是一种重要的研究方法,利用级联构造方法可以构造密码学性质好的布尔函数.本文利用级联构造了布尔函数f₁‖f₃‖f₃‖f₂,并且在文中详细讨论了这类级联布尔函数的密码学性质:相关免疫性、扩散性、线性结构、代数免疫阶等.通过我们的讨论发现,在布尔函数f₁,f₂,f₃的密码学性质较好的前提下,级联布尔函数f₁‖f₃‖f₃‖f₂的密码学性质也较好.     

基于闭式谐振腔的一体化介电常数测量系统

为替代矢量网络分析仪,形成一套专用于闭式谐振腔的测量系统,本文采用频谱分析仪模块和跟踪发生器模块,基于C++和VISA库函数进行系统控制,使两模块可以同步收发射频信号,实现闭式谐振腔谐振频率和Q值的测量功能,最终实现微波介质材料的介电常数的测量,形成一套一体化闭式谐振腔介电常数测量系统。该系统与矢量网络分析仪对比测量微波介质陶瓷材料K65,介电常数的相对误差为5.5×10^-3,tanδ的相对误差为-3.74×10^-2;对比测量材料K35,介电常数的相对误差为-1.69×10^-3,tanδ的相对误差为1.08×10^-1。测量结果相对误差较小,介电常数的相对误差小于0.01,tanδ的相对误差小于0.5,说明一体化介电常数测量系统的测量结果准确,可用于闭式谐振腔方法下的介电常数测量,也可推广用于其他介电常数测量系统。     

Josephson junction millimeter microwave source and homodyne detector

A millimeter and submillimeter microwave source is described in which a point-contact Josephson junction is used as both the emitter and as a homodyne detector of the microwave radiation. The microwave radiation is conveyed from the Josephson junction to the room-temperature environment outside the Dewar of liquid helium by an oversize waveguide. A room-temperature Fabry-Perot resonator refocuses the radiation on the oversize waveguide which returns the radiation to the emitting junction which also serves as a coherent detector with sensitivity 10^-15W/√Hz. The detector is sufficiently sensitive that the emitted power of 10^-12W can be detected with high signal-to-noise ratio. Power required by the junction is of the order 10^-6W from the bias supply. For the experiments reported, the wavelength of the emission could be varied over discrete wavelengths between 1.1 and 2.6 mm by varying the voltage bias across the junction. These wavelengths corresponded to the resonant frequencies of a cavity tightly coupled to the Josephson junction, and the frequencies can be changed by modifying the geometry of the cavity.     

Characteristics of millimeter wave detection in a Fabry-Perot resonator using a YBCO-BiO composite superconductor

A quasioptical technique with a hemispherical-type Fabry-Perot resonator for measuring characteristics of millimeter wave detection using a YBCO-BiO composite superconductor has been successfully developed. This Fabry-Perot resonator consists of a spherical mirror and a plane mirror mounted on the cold head of the refrigerator, under a controlled temperature of 40 to 300 K. The method offers the advantages of estimating irradiation power, easily controlling the sample temperature, analyzing the mode of the irradiated millimeter waves and easily extending to higher frequencies. The superconducting millimeter wave detector has been measured with this technique, with measured sensitivities of 46.5 V/W (70 K) to 160 V/W (35 K) at 50 GHz. These results are close to the theoretical values calculated numerically from the characteristics of the detector. It was confirmed that the millimeter wave detection system using the Fabry-Perot resonator is suitable for estimating the sensitivity of the high-Tc superconducting millimeter wave detector.     

Investigation of superconductivity effects in single-phase and multiphase Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 single-crystals at 2-MM wavelengths

Experimental investigations of superconductivity effects in single-phase and multiphase Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ single-crystals have been carried out at 142 GHz frequency by means of the standing wave profile method [1]. Josephson harmonic generation has been observed to be responsible for the appearence of additional peaks on the standing wave profile of the open dielectric resonator loaded with a properly orientated multiphase high-T_c superconductor specimen. This leads to the conclusion that most of the Josephson junctions in multiphase crystals are located in certain crystallographic planes. The investigations of temperature dependencies showed that sharp resonant peaks of conductivity observed earlier [2] at 60 GHz could also be observed at 142 GHz.     

约瑟夫森阵列振荡器的相位锁定分析

系统地研究了超导亚毫米波阵列振荡器的相位锁定问题。为使超导振荡器达到高工作频率、窄线宽和高稳定的性能，约瑟夫森结与结之间的相位必须相互锁定。相位锁定可以通过结与结之间的耦合电路得以实现。通过对振荡器的各种耦合电路的比较表明，蝴蝶领结天线结构是一个比较适合约瑟夫森振荡器相位锁定的耦合电路。本文提出了一种超导亚毫米波阵列振荡器模型并对其进行了模拟计算与分析，仿真得出了振荡器各项参数值，并给出了相位锁定的条件。     

Josephson-Junction driven submillimeter wave microstrip resonator

A microstrip resonator driven by a resistively shunted Josephson junction has been used for submillimeter-wave surface resistance measurements to about 400 GHz. A simple, analytical analysis of the resonator-induced structure in the junction's I-V characteristic gives the resonator surface resistance in the range of 2-160 mΩ with an accuracy of better than 30%     

Two different mode interactions in an electron tube with a Fabry—Perot resonator—The Ledatron

An electron tube with a Fabry-Perot resonator for the generation of millimeter and submillimeter waves, the Ledatron, has been investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Two different mode interactions, Fabry-Perot mode and surface wave mode, were predicted and found to exist. These two modes can be separated by proper selection of the mirror spacing of the Fabry-Perot resonator in the tube. These two mode oscillations have different characteristics. In the case of the Fabry-Perot mode, the oscillating frequency is tuned mainly by variation of the mirror spacing, that is, mechanical tuning is predominant. On the other hand, in the case of the surface wave mode, electronic tuning predominates. For gratings of the same physical size, the surface wave mode oscillator needs a larger electron accelerating voltage than the Fabry-Perot mode oscillator in order to obtain the same wavelength. The experimental results are in good agreement with our theory of operation.     

Perturbation simulation for two-dimensional Josephson junctionarray with resonator structure

A numerical perturbation method to simulate phase-locking behavior for resonator structure-type Josephson junction arrays is introduced. Simulations are completed for one-dimensional parallel, one-dimensional series, and two-dimensional arrays showing new and interesting phenomena. The simulation results provide a clear view of the processes by which the Josephson junctions become mutually phase-locked. Optimum structure parameters for oscillator circuit designs are determined using these simulation results     

Realizability of a bolometer based on a surface-acoustic-wave delay line with periodic reflecting structures

Transmission of surface acoustic waves through a delay line with periodic reflecting structures forming a Fabry-Perot resonator is studied. An expression for the wave transmission coefficient in such a structure is derived. It is demonstrated that a pair of strongly reflecting gratings can become completely transparent, i.e., the blooming effect takes place with the blooming area of an exponentially small width. The effect of temperature on the frequency response curve of a delay line with a Fabry-Perot resonator is experimentally investigated. The investigated effect is shown to be useful for fabrication of a bolometer detecting electromagnetic radiation.     

Future heat transfer concerns in Josephson junction computers

Using the superconducting properties of Josephson junctions enable extremely high switching speeds unmatched in semiconducting electronics. Much research has been conducted in recent decades in order to produce high performance electronics based on Josephson junction logic. In addition to the high speeds attainable by this technology, also of significance is the very low heat dissipated by Josephson circuits. Josephson devices have made great strides in the last ten years with microprocessors reaching levels of integration as high as 10⁵ junctions/cm². Dissipation in these devices is easily managed, but integrations reaching 10⁷ must be considered if Josephson electronics are to compete with the complexity and functionality of semiconducting electronics. Coupling this level of integration with dissipations of 0.34 and 2.98 μW/junction in low and high temperature cases respectively, produces large heat fluxes difficult to remove at cryogenic temperatures. While other technical difficulties currently overshadow heat transfer concerns, the future of Josephson electronics research will likely need to address them     

约瑟夫森混合器等效电路参数对三波混频强度的影响研究

约瑟夫森混合器是一种能够生成纠缠量子微波信号的电路。建立了约瑟夫森混合器的等效电路模型,对三波混频哈密顿量进行量子化,研究了约瑟夫森结的临界电流、分路线性电感、谐振器传输线等效电感以及外加穿过环路磁通对三波混频强度的影响。仿真结果表明,约瑟夫森结的临界电流决定了选择的线性电感最大值,而对三波混频强度影响不大;线性电感的大小决定了外加穿过环路磁通的最优值以及三波混频强度的最大值;谐振器传输线等效电感在允许范围内越小越好。研究对于有效选择电路元器件参数,提高纠缠量子微波生成能力有重要价值。