胆甾相与蓝相液晶的布拉格反射和旋光能力研究

采用时域有限差分法(FDTD)研究了胆甾相液晶与蓝相液晶的旋光能力。首先计算了圆偏振光在平面态胆甾相液晶与蓝相液晶中的布拉格反射现象,从晶格结构和分子排列的角度对模拟结果做了讨论,研究了液晶折射率和螺距对布拉格反射现象的影响。其次研究了胆甾相与蓝相液晶夹在两正交偏振片间的漏光情况,用液晶的旋光能力对二者的相似和不同的现象进行了解释。     

温度梯度制备宽波反射液晶薄膜

合成了大螺旋扭曲力的手性化合物4,4′-2(戊基-环己基)苯甲酸异山梨醇酯(ISBB)。对60.0μm厚ISBB/液晶性单体/向列相液晶/光引发剂复合体系的液晶层的上、下表面温度施加不同温度,液晶层中形成了温度梯度。由于高温区域的液晶溶解ISBB的能力强,低温区域的ISBB会向高温区域扩散,从而在液晶薄层中形成了ISBB的浓度梯度与螺距梯度。紫外光聚合复合体系中的光可聚合单体,单体间交联聚合形成网络固定住了液晶层内的螺距梯度,从而制备出反射可见光波段的右旋圆偏振光的宽波反射液晶薄膜。     

Liquid crystal variable optical attenuators integrated on planarlightwave circuits

Variable optical attenuators using polymer-network liquid crystal have been integrated with the pitch of 250 μm on planar lightwave circuits. Trenches are cut in the direction perpendicular to the parallel light waveguides into planar lightwave circuits, a transparent electrode is deposited inside the trenches, and the trenches are filled with polymer-network liquid crystal. The typical attenuation range is 18 dB when the driving voltage is <20 Vrms at 1.55-μm wavelength. The power consumption is estimated to be very low (200 nW/ch)     

液晶光学器件激光损伤研究

为了实现液晶光学器件在高功率固体脉冲激光装置上的应用,采用理论模拟和实验相结合的方法研究了液晶光学器件的激光损伤情况,建立了液晶光学器件激光损伤的物理模型,计算了一定入射激光能量密度下液晶光学器件的温度场分布和损伤情况,测量了液晶光学器件中聚酰亚胺薄膜和液晶材料的激光损伤阈值,得到了液晶光学器件的激光损伤机理和损伤阈值。结果表明,液晶光学器件的激光损伤主要源于组成液晶光学器件的聚酰亚胺薄膜和液晶材料因温度升高导致的破坏,通过液晶光学器件结构的合理设计和物理参量的选择可以提高其抗激光损伤能力。     

温度对铁电液晶电调谐滤波特性影响的研究

在改变外加电场实现铁电液晶电调谐滤波中,由于铁电液晶的螺距和自发极化强度对温度变化很敏感,从而为铁电液晶电调谐滤波器的应用和准确度的提高带来了困难。从铁电液晶的螺距和自发极化强度与温度的关系出发,讨论了温度对铁电液晶双折射的影响,给出了铁电液晶电调谐滤波器的透射率随温度变化的关系式,并进行了数值计算。结果表明,温度升高时,透射率和带宽增大,透射峰波长向短波长方向移动,温度变化对铁电液晶电调滤波特性的影响远小于电场变化的影响。     

Liquid crystal applications in photonics

We developed new optical switches based on nematic and ferroelectric liquid crystal (LC) cells for photonics applications. Certain new LC switches based on the effect of total internal reflection in nematic LC and deformed helix ferroelectric effect ferroelectric LC with very fast response time were developed. Fast bistable optical switches of the light polarization based on ferroelectric liquid crystal cells were proposed. The switches are characterized by 100 us switching time and 26 dB crosstalk at the wavelength of 632.8 nm and bistable, i.e., required zero power consumption in the switch state.High frequency hysteretic free electrically controlled 0-2π phase modulation of light has been proposed using a very short helix pitch (less than 400 nm) deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal. The electrically controlled 0-2π hysteretic free phase modulation was achieved at the driving voltage frequency up to 4 kHz and the voltage amplitude of 32 V. The application of fast V-shaped deformed helix ferroelectric ferroelectric LC (DHF-FLC) for new active-matrix liquid crystal display (LCD) and optical data processing devices is envisaged.Photoalignment technology can be very useful for the new generation of liquid crystal devices as well as in new photovoltaic, optoelectronic and photonic devices based on highly ordered thin organic layers. We have investigated the LC photoalignment in superthin tubes, which are basic elements of switchable photonic crystal/liquid crystal structures and obtained the order parameter comparable with usual homogeneous nematic LC cells. We studied LC alignment on silicon surfaces with submicrometer-sized straight and curved waveguide profiles. The liquid crystal cladding refractive index was then varied according to the applied voltage, and subsequently the microresonator resonance wavelengths were tuned. Based on our initial measurements, the free spectral range (FSR) wavelength shift within the range of 20 nm was obtained, which is comparable with a thermooptic effect. The new voltagecontrollable Si-based add drop filters are envisaged based on this principle.     

带宽可调型光学滤波器的研究

为了研究带宽可调型光学滤波器,采用对手性液晶膜施加电压的方法,对手性液晶布喇格反射带宽随外加电场的变化规律进行了分析和测量.实验结果表明,在外加电场到达一定的阈值后,液晶分子要旋转一定的角度;在外加电场和液晶盒边界条件的共同限制下,手性液晶的螺距在螺旋轴方向上形成了梯度变化,造成了手型液晶布喇格反射带宽的加宽,且反射带宽随外加电压的增加而增加,以此可制成带宽可调型光学滤光片.     

基于Berreman 4×4矩阵对胆甾相液晶Bragg反射带宽的模拟研究

利用Berreman 4×4矩阵和Matlab编程模拟了胆甾相液晶的反射光谱,分析了螺旋数(液晶厚度)、基板的折射率、双折射、折射率色散、固定螺距、梯度螺距和入射角等因素对反射光谱带宽的影响。结果表明,要得到理想的Bragg反射带宽,液晶层的厚度即螺旋数N需达到N≥10;基板折射率会影响最大反射率,基板折射率ng与寻常光折射率no相比,ngno时,最大反射率比较低,ng越小越影响明显,当ng≥no时,具有很好的反射率;折射率的色散和大的入射角会使带宽变窄,而大的双折射Δn和螺距P可以得到较宽的反射带宽,但拓宽效果有限。通过梯度螺距的函数表达式,理论模拟了具有螺距梯度的胆甾相液晶的反射带宽,其对于胆甾相液晶宽波反射的实验研究具有一定的意义。     

A new COG technique using low temperature solder bumps for LCD driver IC packaging applications

A new chip on glass (COG) technique using flip chip solder joining technology has been developed for excellent resolution and high quality liquid crystal display (LCD) panels. The flip chip solder joining technology has several advantages over the anisotropic conductive film (ACF) bonding technology: finer pitch capability, better electrical performance, and easier reworkability. Conventional solders such as eutectic Pb-Sn and Pb-5Sn require high temperature processing which can lead to degradation of the liquid crystal or the color filter in LCD modules. Thus it is desirable to develop a low temperature process below 160/spl deg/C using solders with low melting temperatures for this application. In our case, we used eutectic 58 wt%Bi-42 wt%Sn solder for this purpose. Using the eutectic Bi-Sn solder bumps of 50-80/spl mu/m pitch sizes, an ultrafine interconnection between the IC and glass substrate was successfully made at or below 160/spl deg/C. The average contact resistance of the Bi-Sn solder joints was 19m/spl Omega/ per bump, which is much lower than the contact resistance of conventional ACF bonding technologies. The contact resistance of the underfilled Bi-Sn solder joints did not change during a hot humidity test. We demonstrate that the COG technique using low temperature solder joints can be applied to advanced LCDs that lead to require excellent quality, high resolution, and low power consumption.     

Temperature dependence of performance of InGaN/GaN MQW LEDs with different indium compositions

The temperature dependence of performance of InGaN/GaN multiple-quantum-well (MQW) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with different indium compositions in the MQWs was investigated. With increasing In composition in the MQWs, the optical performance of the LEDs at room temperature was increased due to an increase in the localized energy states caused by In composition fluctuations in MQWs. As the temperature was increased, however, the decrease in output power for LED with a higher In composition in the MQWs was higher than that of LED with a lower In composition in the MQWs. This could be due to the increased nonradiation recombination through the high defect densities in the MQWs resulted from the increased accumulation of strain between InGaN well and GaN barrier.     

液晶盒边界效应对胆甾相液晶电控螺距的影响

研究了共面转换(IPS)液晶盒处于强锚定及弱锚定两种边界状态时横向电场与平面织构胆甾相液晶螺距的关系,探讨了液晶盒表面锚定对胆甾相液晶电控螺距的影响。理论结果表明,共面转换模式下电场可以调谐胆甾相液晶的反射光颜色,而边界锚定效应对电场调谐螺距有显著影响。这一结果为基于电控螺距原理的胆甾相液晶反射式彩色显示方案提供了理论上的依据。     

PDLC膜的光学特性

应用光学基本原理对聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)膜的光学特性进行描述,分析聚合物分散液晶微滴中液晶分子排列方式与液晶折射率的关系,并介绍表征PDLC膜散射本领的重要参数的雾度概念及雾度测试方法和表征PDLC膜透光本领的重要参数的透光率概念及透光率的测试方法。     

异硫氰基含氟联苯乙炔液晶合成研究

本文合成了4个异硫氰基联苯乙炔类液晶化合物。通过1 HNMR、13 CNMR、19 FNMR、IR和MS谱图鉴定结构正确。用差示扫描热议(DSC)和偏光显微镜(POM)对化合物的相变温度进行了测试,发现所合成目标化合物均呈现向列相,其相变态温度范围在105~137℃,其双折射率高于0.47,可作为液晶光栅高双折射率液晶材料的有效组分。     

Photoactivated birefringent liquid-crystal light valve for color symbology display

Aphotoactivated liquid-crystal projection display device that is based upon the field-effect mode of the liquid crystal has been built and tested. The device displays high-resolution dynamic color symbology by means of the optical birefringence of the liquid crystal. The colors that can be displayed simultaneously are white (with gray scale), blue, green, yellow, and magenta on a dark field. The imaging light power required to excite the device varies from 30-900 µW/cm²at 525 nm and the resolution obtained at an MTF of 50 percent is 40 lines/mm. The basic construction of the device is similar to the dynamic scattering photoactivated liquid-crystal light valve.     

Study of short-circuiting between adjacent joints under electric field effects in fine pitch anisotropic conductive adhesive interconnects

Anisotropic conductive adhesive film (ACF) has been extensively used in the liquid crystal display (LCD) industry for decades on chip-on-glass (COG) applications. It offers the advantages in terms of fine-pitch capability and more environment compatibility. One of the very important performance requirements of using ACF in fine pitch interconnection is not to create leakage of electric current between adjacent joints as it may lead to abnormal display segments/pixels of the LCD. In this work, the possibility of short-circuiting between adjacent joints in fine pitch ACF interconnections under the effects of electric field was investigated. Insulation resistance measurements of the selected adjacent joints against electric field strength 1 V/μm for a 24 h testing duration were discussed and analyzed. The results showed a strong dependence of curing degree of the ACFs on the chance of short-circuiting between adjacent joints under field effects.     

硅氧烷近晶相单体的合成及应用

为了改善聚合物分散液晶（PDLC）在智能玻璃领域应用中存在的视角较差、透明态效果不够理想以及无法实现双稳态的缺点,合成了一种具有硅氧烷长链结构的近晶相液晶单体,并将该近晶相液晶单体用于近晶相的混晶配方制备了简单的近晶相双稳态器件。以10-溴-1-癸烯、对羟基联苯氰和1,1,1,3,3,5,5-七甲基硅氧烷为原料,以较高收率合成了该近晶相液晶单体。通过核磁共振（NMR）和元素分析（EA）确认了分子结构的正确性;利用偏光显微镜（POM）、示差扫描量热仪（DSC）等对其单体液晶参数和混晶配方参数进行测定,通过基板处理、液晶盒制备、器件老化等过程制备了近晶相双稳态器件。实验表明,该近晶相混晶配方制得的近晶相双稳态器件具有较宽的近晶相温宽（-62℃~60℃）,较低的驱动电压（50 V）,透明态参数优秀（雾度=0.06%,平行光透过率=90.34%）,完全无视角缺陷,且可以仅在状态切换时需要通电实现双稳态效果。该硅氧烷类近晶相液晶单体对于改善近晶相混晶配方有着重要的作用,该材料制备方法简单,原料易得,收率较高,易于生产,对于智能玻璃领域的市场推广有着重要的作用。     

Functional Coatings on High‐Performance Polymer Fibers for Smart Sensing

Above a critical temperature, high‐performance fibers may lose their mechanical properties resulting in catastrophic events of damage when, e.g., used as load‐carrying ropes. Here, a method to functionalize polymer fibers with thermochromic optical coatings that enable signaling of damaging thermal history is introduced. These smart coatings are comprised of an index‐tunable anti‐reflection coating based on chalcogenide phase change materials (PCM). It is demonstrated that the insulator?metal phase transition of these materials can be aligned with the critical deterioration temperature of both polyethylene terephthalate (PET) monofilaments and liquid‐crystal polyester (LCP) yarns by composition tuning. The carefully designed optical system amplifies the change in optical properties of its constituents upon phase change. The thermal and mechanical degradation of these fibers can thus be monitored and displayed by eye.     

基于激光光源的液晶特性研究

为了研究激光光源对液晶电光特性的影响, 采用Jones矩阵对液晶的光学特性进行了分析, 同时利用不同波长的半导体激光器作为入射光源, 对液晶的电光特性进行了实验研究。结果表明, 当电压达到4.8V时, 各光源下液晶的透光强度均出现陡降, 说明液晶的阈值电压与入射光波长无依赖关系; 通过示波器跟踪图像发现各光源下液晶的响应时间有明显的差异; 随着供电电压的增大, 液晶光栅的衍射光斑由圆环状逐渐转为平行分布, 且各级衍射光斑并非完全对称, 入射波长及供电电压决定了衍射光斑的空间及能量分布。该研究结果对液晶器件的研发具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Tunable attenuator based on polymer microstructured optical fibers

The polymer microstructured optical fiber is a kind of fiber whose core and cladding are composed of air holes and organic compornoleel by a certain rule. Similar with silica microstructured optical fibers (SMOF), according to the light guide mechanism PM…     

Alcohol‐Responsive,Hydrogen‐Bonded,Cholesteric Liquid‐Crystal Networks

Hydrogen‐bridged, cholesteric liquid‐crystal (CLC) polymer networks are adopted as an optical sensor material to distinguish between ethanol and methanol. Fast uptake of the alcohols is facilitated by an incorporated porosity created by breaking the hydrogen bridges and by a previously removed non‐reactive liquid‐crystal agent. The discrimination between the alcohols is based on the diversity in molecular affinity of ethanol and methanol with the hydrogen‐bridged CLC polymer networks. The CLC networks are molecular‐helix‐based, one‐dimensional bandgap materials with a discrete reflection band in the visible part of the spectrum that depends on the pitch of the molecular helix. The changes in positions of the reflection bands of the CLC network accurately discriminate between the alcohol types and provide information on their ratio in case they are blended.