长波光导HgCdTe探测器的输运特性

测量了长波光导ＨｇＣｄＴｅ线列探测器在１．２～３００Ｋ的电阻率－温度（Ｒ－Ｔ）特性，结果表明：高性能和低性能探测元的Ｒ－Ｔ特性明显不同，前者有与正常ＨｇＣｄＴｅ材料Ｒ－Ｔ关系相似的变化规律，后者则与简并ＨｇＣｄＴｅ材料相似．探测器的性能与最大电阻温度有对应关系     

60元3～5μmHgCdTe线列光导探测器

６０元３～５μｍＨｇＣｄＴｅ线列光导探测器徐国森（上海技术物理研究所上海２０００８３）本文简单报导了研制的６０元ＨｇＣｄＴｅ（３～５μｍ）线列光导探测器的工作性能，探测器灵敏元面积为６０ｐｍ×１００μｍ，在７７Ｋ，平均峰值探测率为９．５×１０￣（１０...     

多元光导HgCdTe探测器均匀性的评价

讨论了多元光导ＨｇＣｄＴｅ线列探测器性能参数的均匀性评价问题，对器件性能的测量数据进行了分析。认为在某种探测器规范的条件限制下，多元光导ＨｇＣｄＴｅ顺探测元的性能参数分布不满足Ｇａｕｓｓ分布，因而用标准偏差来衡量器件性能参数的均匀性是不适宜的；根据分析结果提出了一个相应的评价参数。     

8—14μm多通道HgCdTe光导探测器

利用线性渐变滤光器与线列多元ＨｇＣｄＴｅ光导探测器组合，研制出８－１４μｍ长波多通道ＨｇＣｄＴｅ光导探测器，探测器光谱分辨率接近０．２μｍ。文中给出了多通道探测器光谱响应曲线，分析了多通道探测器的设计特性。     

昆明物理研究所HgCdTe光导探测器的现状及发展

“七五”,“八五”期间,昆明物理研究所成功地研制和发展了ＨｇＣｄＴｅＳＰＲＩＴＥ探测器组件和多元短线列光导ＨｇＣｄＴｅ探测器组件,本文简要报道这两种探测器组件的现状和今后的发展。     

长波红外探测器线列生产的测试方法

本文详细描述长波红外ＨｇＣｄＴｅ（ＭＣＴ）探测器线列生产的设计，制造和测试方法。     

长的中波红外HgCdTe平接线列阵（上）

高分辨率红外成像系统需要非常长的扫描线列,这些扫描列阵不但具有数千个探测器,而且具有高的性能。本文介绍法国ＬＥＴＩ／ＬＩＲ在长平接列阵方面所取得的最新技术进展,并给出了一个间距为３０μｍ、截止波长为５．５μｍ的１５００元ＨｇＣｄＴｅ探测器线列上获得的结果。这个非常大的列阵（长度≈５０ｍｍ）有一个间接混成体系结构,该体系结构由５个平接的ＨｇＣｄＴｅ光伏探测电路和５个ＳｉＣＭＯＳ读出电路组成,它被混成     

双色红外探测器的现状与发展

双色红外探测器是红外探测器发展的方向之一，现已有多种双色红外探测器投入使用。本文简要综述了国内外研制双色红外探测器的技术途径、现状和发展方向，从探测器材料看，多数采用ＨｇＣｄＴｅ或ＨｇＣｄＴｅ＋ＩｎＳｂ。从探测器光敏元的排列方式看，多数采用并列和上下重叠结构。从探测器的工作原理看，多数以光导和光伏模式工作。今后，双色红外探测器将继续向集成化、焦平面、大列阵、小型化和多色化等方向发展并获得更为广泛的     

金属有机化合物汽相外延碲镉汞薄膜的进展

回顾了金属有机化合物汽相外延碲镉汞薄膜的发展历程，简要叙述了ＭＯＶＰＥＨｇＣｄＴｅ薄膜的三种主要技术，与ＨｇＣｄＴｅ晶格匹配和失配的衬底材料，各种金属有机物源和掺杂研究的新近进展。还介绍了ＭＯＶＰＥ－ＨｇＣｄＴｅ薄膜和探测器目前达到的水平。大量结果已经表明，ＭＯＶＰＥ生长的ＨｇＣｄＴｅ薄膜的质量适合于制造高质量的光伏型探测器，ＭＯＶＰＥ是一种原位生长先进的ＨｇＣｄＴｅ红外焦平面列阵既实用又富生命力     

GaAs／GaAlAs量子阱红外探测器实用性探讨

通过长波ＧａＡｓ／ＧａＡｌＡｓ量子阱红外探测器线列在红外像机上的应用演示及其成像效果与传统ＨｇＣｄＴｅ探测器的比较，直接地显示了ＧａＡｓ／ＧａＡｌＡｓ量子阱红外探测器在红外焦平面应用领域具有很强的竞争力。     

光导PbS 焦平面探测器制备中负载电阻的选取

负载电阻分流方式通常用于消除光导PbS探测器的背景电流,其中各探测单元光敏元电阻与相对应负载的阻值可以相等,也可以成一固定比例。为研究不同负载电阻均可应用于光导PbS焦平面探测器,采用尺寸同为100 m 100 m 的光敏元、分别为100 m 100 m 和200 m 50 m 的负载研制了线列1128 光导PbS 红外焦平面探测器。利用红外焦平面测试系统对不同负载电阻制备的器件性能进行了测试与分析。研究表明,采用不同负载电阻均获得了性能正常的器件;在相同的光敏元工作参数下,器件的平均黑体响应率、平均黑体探测率基本一致,负载对其均无影响。研究结果验证了仅通过调节负载电阻即可使器件背景输出电平平坦化的可行性。     

12.5 μm长线列碲镉汞焦平面杜瓦组件

256×2碲镉汞焦平面模块由2个256×1元芯片和2个光伏信号硅读出电路模块平行对称组成,并分别与2个不同波段的微型滤光片以架桥式结构直接耦合后封装在全金属微型杜瓦内,形成了长波256×2长线列碲镉汞红外探测器件组件。基本解决了256×2焦平面杜瓦组件的关键技术,即高精度的组装技术、器件在冷平台上的热失配设计技术和高可靠性封装技术。对抑制杂散光、降低背景辐射、提高组件的可靠性等方面采取了一系列措施,使研制的碲镉汞焦平面器件获得了良好的性能,并进行了一系列空间适应性实验,实验前后的组件性能未发生明显变化,满足工程化应用的要求。     

Adaptive detector arrays for optical communications receivers

An optimal adaptive array receiver for use in groundbased optical communications is investigated. Kolmogorov phase screen simulations are used to generate realistic focal-plane distributions of the received optical fields in the presence of turbulence. The array detection concept reduces interference from background radiation by effectively assigning higher confidence levels at each instant of time to those detector elements that contain significant signal energy and suppressing those that do not. A simpler suboptimum structure that replaces the continuous weighting of the optimal receiver by a hard decision over each detector element is also described. It is shown that, for photon counting receivers observing Poisson distributed signals, performance improvements of up to 5 dB can be obtained over conventional single-detector photon counting receivers when observing turbulent optical fields in high background environments.     

多元探测器芯片测试系统设计

多元探测器芯片测试系统用于多元红外探测器晶片、芯片测试筛选.该设备主要检测晶片、芯片的背景电流、漏电流、动态阻抗和C-V特性等参数,使之满足探测器要求.该设备是各种焦平面阵列红外探测器研制生产的必需设备.论文设计了一套基于Agilent VEE开发环境的多元探测器芯片测试系统.实验表明,设备具有较好的测量精度,达到了预期的设计目标.     

Stressed and unstressed Ge:Ga detector arrays for airborne astronomy

We have constructed and used two dimensional arrays of both unstressed and stressed Ge:Ga photoconductive detectors for far-infrared astronomy from the Kuiper Airborne Observatory (KAO). The 25 element (5×5) arrays are designed for a new cryogenically cooled spectrometer, the MPE/UCB Far-Infrared Imaging Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FIFI). All of the pixels for the stressed array performed well on the first flights with FIFI; 25% of the detectors in the array are more sensitive than our best single element detector, with background limited noise equivalent powers (NEPs)?3.0×10^?15 W Hz^?1/2 at 158 μm and 40 km s^?1 spectral resolution. The average array element performs within±15% of this value. With a bias field of 0.1 V/cm, the average detector response is 20±6 Amp/Watt at 158 μm. The cutoff wavelength and response also compare well with our single element detectors. The unstressed array delivers significantly better performance than our single element detector due to the lower thermal background in the new spectrometer. The average background limited NEp at 88 μm and 35 km s^?1 spectral resolution is ～7×10^?15 W Hz^?1/2. The least sensitive pixel is only 40% less sensitive. The unstressed array response at 88 μm with a bias field of 1 V/cm is 5±1 Amp/Watt. Twenty four of the 25 elements worked on the first flights-on subsequent flights all channels have worked. Some of the exciting new science possible with far-infrared detector arrays is also discussed.     

Linear array of woodpile EBG sectoral horn antennas

A technique is described for creating linear array antennas that conform to the natural stacking sequence of the woodpile electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) material. Each element in the linear array consists of a woodpile EBG sectoral horn antenna. The electromagnetic confinement mechanism within each horn antenna relies wholly on the 3-D EBG of the woodpile material. The array element has a typical sectoral horn pattern with a directional beam in one principal plane and a broader beam in the other. The bandwidth of the sectoral horn is almost equal to that of the defect EBG waveguide. Measured and theoretical results for radiation patterns, impedance bandwidth and gain of a sectoral horn antenna made from alumina are described, and theoretical results for a design made from silicon are presented. It is shown that the layer-by-layer nature of the woodpile EBG material enables sectoral horn antennas to be easily stacked together in the E-plane to create linear arrays. Analysis of the mutual coupling as a function of element separation and its effect on reflection coefficient are presented for a two-element linear array in silicon. Theoretical analyses for fixed and scanned beam linear arrays of silicon woodpile EBG sectoral horns are described and finite-difference time-domain results are compared with array theory. The fixed beam arrays are designed for high directivity while the scanned beam array enables wide angle beam steering through the use of parasitic array elements.     

基于逐元暗电流抑制的红外探测器读出电路研究

在航天应用领域,大部分中长波红外探测器都工作在高背景下.由于线列碲镉汞(HgCdTe)红外探测器本身的暗电流较大且各像元的暗电流具有很大的非均匀性,采用常规读出电路方案时的输出信号动态范围过小,甚至部分像元的信号电压也无法读出.采用将电压 电流转换和电流存储单元相结合的方法,设计了一种具有逐元背景抑制功能的中波红外探测器线列读出电路.该方法不仅可以抑制不同像元的暗电流,而且还可以有效提高电路的信噪比,并可增大输出信号的动态范围.电路测试结果表明,在90 K低温下,电路输出摆幅为2V,输出电压的非均匀性下降了70％,因此该研究对中长波红外探测器的工程化设计具有重要的指导意义.     

MIMO阵列雷达检测器的性能分析

 本文提出了一种适用于MIMO阵列雷达系统的空域降维检测器,该检测器先将接收到的观测矢量按所对应的不同分集波形分别在接收阵列上进行空时自适应Capon滤波,然后基于各个分集波形的滤波输出设计CFAR检验统计量,从而避免了在高维虚拟阵列上进行完全自适应处理而带来的高计算复杂度和对训练数据量的过分需求.理论推导表明,在大杂噪比条件下,该检测器可等价地表述为各个分集波形自适应Capon滤波输出结果的相参积累与非相参积累之比.同时,大杂噪比条件下的检测性能分析表明,随着波形分集数的增长:当各发射阵元辐射功率一定时,该检测器的检测性能逐渐接近完全自适应CFAR检测器,而计算复杂度以及对训练数据的需求几乎不变;而当总发射功率一定时,其检测性能先是快速增长,然后呈阶梯式缓慢增长,且存在性能上限.这些结论对于MIMO阵列雷达系统设计来说具有一定的指导意义.     

Multislice helical CT: image temporal resolution

A multislice helical computed tomography (CT) halfscan (HS) reconstruction algorithm is proposed for cardiac applications. The imaging performances (in terms of the temporal resolution, z-axis resolution, image noise, and image artifacts) of the HS algorithm are compared to the existing algorithms using theoretical models and clinical data. A theoretical model of the temporal resolution performance (in terms of the temporal sensitivity profile) is established for helical CT, in general, i.e., for any number of detector rows and any reconstruction algorithm used. It is concluded that the HS reconstruction results in improved image temporal resolution than the corresponding 180 degrees LI (linear interpolation) reconstruction and is more immune to the inconsistent data problem induced by cardiac motions. The temporal resolution of multislice helical CT with the HS algorithm is comparable to that of single-slice helical CT with the HS algorithm. In practice, the 180 degrees LI and HS-LI algorithms can be used in parallel to generate two image sets from the same scan acquisition, one (180 degrees LI) for improved z-resolution and noises, and the other (HS-LI) for improved image temporal resolution.     

锰钴镍氧薄膜热敏型多元红外探测器研制

通过光刻和湿化学腐蚀工艺,成功制作出规格为2×8的多元锰钴镍氧薄膜红外探测器件.测试表明,室温下锰钴镍氧薄膜材料负电阻温度系数达-3.8%K-1.10 Hz调制频率和±15 V电压偏置条件下,线列器件典型探测元黑体响应率为107 V/W,探测率为2×107cmHz1/2/W,8元器件响应不均匀度为5.9%.实验结果表明锰钴镍氧薄膜焦平面器件制备的可行性,有可能作为新型室温全波段探测器件得到应用.