Influence of programming techniques on the design of computers

Along with advances in hardware design, the programmer is making advances in programming techniques. These new techniques take advantage of the high-speed checked operation of the computer to perform the routine work of programming. It is quite conceivable that these techniques will exert a strong influence on Computer design in the future.     

Man-computer graphics for computer-aided design

This paper reviews the history, concepts, state-of-the-art, and future directions of the use of man-computer graphics for computer-aided design. Computer-aided design is based on a real-time graphical dialogue between the man and the computer in which the man draws on a display by means of a "light pen" or other input device. The computer "understands" the picture, makes calculations based on it, and presents the results pictorially to the user for his approval or revision. This man-computer graphical conversation has been made possible by recent advances in the speed of the digital computer, time-sharing programming, computer-driven display technology, and graphical input devices. The light pen is the most commonly used graphical input device, but keyboards, joysticks, flat matrix arrays, and other devices are also used. The programming state-of-the-art is a limiting factor in the implementatation of graphical computer-aided design; much work remains to be done in systems programming, efficient time sharing, list structure concepts, file organization, and memory protection. A number of experimental equipment configurations in use in various laboratories are cited and the hardware state-of-the-art is reviewed. Several experimental and production applications of computer-aided design evolved in a large aircraft company are described and illustrated, by display photographs. These applications relate to structural analysis, dynamics, information retrieval, accounting, and numerical control tape preparation. For the future, advances are required in improved man-computer communication, techniques to permit the operation of displays at great distances from the central computer, and methods of inputting existing drawings into the computer in a meaningful form.     

A Programming Discipline for Laboratory Computing

The history of the development of digital computer systems for use in medical care and biological laboratory experiments is reviewed, with special emphasis on programming languages. The relevance to this application of techniques first used in the design of operating systems for simultaneous multiple use of large computer systems and in performing concurrent real-time tasks is demonstrated. A number of applications and specially designed computerized instruments for neurophysiology, in which the programming language Modula was used, are described. The strengths and limitations of Modula are evaluated. The essential parallelism of laboratory and clinical monitoring tasks would seem to promote the use of the emerging technology of multitasking and multiprocessor languages and systems.     

用类设计思想实现单片机软件的C程序模块封装

在分析C程序和C 程序特点的基础上,以单片机系统多串口设备驱动程序的模块化设计为例,提出一种采用类设计思想,实现C程序模块封装的方案,以提高程序设计质量。该方法适用于嵌入式操作系统、设备驱动程序等复杂的C程序设计,特别是基于单片机系统等无法使用C 语言编程的驱动程序。     

广播电视监测机房节能技术措施分析

在国家大力提倡节能减排的背景下,文章根据《电子信息系统机房设计规范》,提出了广播电视监测机房数据／IT、制冷、供电等设备节能降耗的技术措施,并对这些技术的可行性进行了分析与探讨。     

计算机程序设计的多应用型开发研究

随着我国信息技术水平的不断提升,人们对计算机程序设计工作提出了更高的要求,原有的计算机程序设计模式已经无法满足工作发展需求,我们应该不断找寻新的设计方法,并把计算机程序设计工作运用到各行各业中,充分发挥其自身价值。     

Photomask–photoresist techniques for cryotron fabrication

Thin film superconductors will find significant applications as computer components only if their potential for economical high density integration in a single unit of manufacture becomes a reality. This paper will describe a fabrication process based on the use of photomask-photoresist techniques to form multilayered devices which meet these requirements. This process is compared with that formerly used, based on mask stencil techniques, to illustrate the significance of this development with respect to 1) cryotron device densities, 2) process complexity, 3) electrical and structural characteristics of devices, and 4) circuit design considerations. The major advances made as a result of this process innovation are related to prospects for significant computer component applications.     

Python语言的Web开发应用分析

随着人工智能时代的到来,计算机编程成为引领科技改革的主要力量,Python语言作为计算机编程技术的佼佼者,在Web开发领域有着得天独厚的优势。Python是一种通用型、解释型语言,自身带有庞大的标准库,可操作性比较强,可以快速设计出计算机程序,有效提升程序设计效率。程序员可以利用Python语言来开发Web,利用Python脚本来运行程序,利用标准库快速进行数据分析和整理,提升程序计算效率,利用Python语法结构来构建Web架构,让Web运行更加流畅,进一步推广Python编程技术。     

The challenge of computer graphics in continental western Europe

Computer graphics applications, software, and hard-ware research, are examined and evaluated in Continental Western Europe. Growth has been slow. The reasons are the high cost of hardware and the complexity of the required software. The past reveals a rather dim picture. Mechanical engineering applications have shown some promising success. Electrical engineering applications have been effective mainly for PCB and IC mask layout only. Interactive graphic software has not yet effectively found its way outside Fortran. APL-G seems an interesting graphic extension of the language APL. Promsing trends appear to be on the horizon. They are related to hardware and software tradeoffs, as, for example, in the TALENT System. The need for computer graphics still exists. The hardware and software tradeoffs will receive more attention. Success in computer graphics will depend upon advances in computer systems design, especially programming languages and systems. Computer graphics has yet to come of age.     

Modeling for circuit and system design

The role of characterization and modeling is a vital one in bringing computers progressively into tighter loops in the design cycle. While a coordinated characterization effort provides the backbone of computation, it can also become an end in itself; it provides a bridge between several disciplines, particularly device development, circuit design, and computer analysis. Complete characterization includes several activities; selecting mathematical models for devices; developing measurement techniques, and measurement jigs; and devising statistical representations to account for manufacturing variability, environmental changes, and aging effects. Such a characterization effort with details of recent advances in bi-polar transistor modeling is outlined. In addition to tying together computer ac, dc, and transient analysis capability, the modeling approach allows investigation of "real world" effects such as manufacturing variability, temperature changes, and aging effects. This is an essential prerequisite for valid design studies.     

The impact of digital technology on electrical engineering education

Digital technology has revolutionized electrical engineering education. Students entering engineering schools have a strong background in discrete mathematics that is often augmented by a knowledge of programming and of microcomputers. The electrical engineering curriculum has changed to include digital techniques in all major fields. Computer science and engineering, a discipline that may be taught in either computer science or electrical engineering departments, continues to grow. Software engineering is gaining increasing stature. Digital technology has affected instruction in electrical engineering and other university-level subjects less than it has affected curriculum, but significant computer-assisted or computer-managed instruction can be found. The practice of elecltrical engineering has changed with its acceptance of the computer as a design tool and the advent of the microprocessor.     

数字音频工作站的设计与实现

本文提出了一种基于通用微机的数字音频工作站的软硬件设计与制作过程，其中作者采用定点ＤＳＰ实现ＭＰＥＧ音频压缩编码插卡。文章介绍ＤＡＷ的硬件设计和软件编程，对ＤＳＰ编程，ＤＡＷ驱动程序，ＤＯＳ／Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ下的界面作了较详细的描述。     

Task-oriented architectures

Recent advances in system design provide increasing opportunities for rapid experimentation with task-oriented architectures, i.e., architectures designed to perform extremely well for a given application. Problems encountered in one such experiment indicate that, contrary to initial expectations, only a small fraction of the effort is required for hardware development. Most of the effort was devoted to algorithm analysis and restructuring, architecture design, systems programming, software and hardware debugging, and performance analysis. This paper presents a case study in task-oriented architecture, using the Harpy connected speech recognition system as the problem domain. This study highlights the limitations of current methods and presents a number of tools and techniques that are useful for experimentation with task-oriented architectures.     

“背包问题”算法设计及分析

“背包问题”是一个典型问题．其求解也是算法设计及验证的一个热点。在此分别采用优先策略、动态规划及递归三种不同方法对“背包问题”进行求解、算法设计及验证。实践证明了三种算法的正确性。在复杂度分析中．优先策略算法的空间及时间复杂度最低,而动态规划法具有明显的优势。     

Windows环境下串行通信在粮情检测中的应用

本文结合计算机在粮情检测中的应用，主要介绍Windows环境下使用BorlandC＋＋开发串行通信应用程序的方法与技术。     

An application of sparse matrix techniques to frequency analysis of linear circuits

An implementation of Gaussian reduction of complex matrices by sparse matrix techniques is presented. The computer program described has been specifically tailored to perform frequency analysis of linear circuits within an on-line circuit-design programming system.     

Advances in Space Traveling-Wave Tubes for NASA Missions

Significant advances in the performance and reliability of traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) utilized in amplifying space communication signals for NASA missions have been achieved over the last three decades through collaborative efforts between NASA and primarily L-3 Communications Electron Technologies, Inc. (L-3 ETI). This paper summarizes some of the key milestones during this period and includes development of TWTs for the Communications Technology Satellite, Cassini, and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter missions. Technical advances in computer modeling, design techniques, materials, and fabrication have enabled power efficiency to increase by almost 40% and the output power/mass figure-of-merit to increase by an order of magnitude during this period.     

基于VB表格程序化处理在V带轮设计中的应用

在传统的V带轮设计过程中,需要查询大量表格,工作量大设计效率低。随着计算机技术的迅速发展和普及,计算机已成为不可或缺的工具。为了实现V带轮设计过程的自动化,必须对表格做预处理,即表格程序化是实现V带轮计算机辅助设计需要解决的首要问题。针对如何使表格程序化,提出了VB语言编程的设计思路,列举出实例,给出了源代码。该设计思路具有一定的通用性,不仅可应用于V带轮,还可推广到齿轮等机械零件的计算机辅助设计。