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1.
本文介绍了一种常用的微波功率放大器非线性特性的分析测量方法及测试框图,并分析、比较了各种改善放大器线性的方法。  相似文献   

2.
微波晶体管是六十年代中期发展起来的新型微波半导体器件之一。它包括双极晶体管和场效应晶体管两种类型。微波双极晶体管主要用在5千兆赫以下的频段,而砷化镓场效应晶体管的工作频率已经超过18千兆赫。微波晶体管放大器与其它微波放大器(行波管放大器、参量放大器和隧道二极管放大器)相比较,具有频带宽、相位特性的线性度好、噪声系数小、动态范围大、工作稳定性好、便于级联获得高增益、电路简单、体积小、重量轻等优点。因此,它完全取代了行波管放大器、隧道二极管放大器在接收机前端中的地位,在某些情况下还能取代参量放大器。现时,微波晶体管  相似文献   

3.
文章对相控阵天线T/R组件阵列中的微波功率放大器幅相一致性技术进行了分析和讨论,对影响单级放大器的相移特性进行了研究,并介绍了控制放大器幅相一致性的几点方法和措施。  相似文献   

4.
微波前馈功率放大技术   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
技术的发展带动了对高线性、高功率微波放大器的需求。传统的功率回退应用方法存在器件及效率方面的限制。文中分析了前馈技术提高功放线性度的原理,并给出C波段前馈功率放大器实例。  相似文献   

5.
本文应用数理统计中的正交表设计法研究并设计微波高成品率匹配网络和放大器。给出了Smith圆图上不同阻抗区域所对应的高成品率匹配网络结构,并应用高成品率匹配网络和正交表设计了一个微波FET放大器,其特性和文献[5]用简化实频技术设计的基本相同,但其成品率要比[5]高得多。  相似文献   

6.
本文介绍一种计及MESFET S参数灵敏度的微波集成放大器的灵敏度分析方法;定义了放大器特性的频带灵敏度和电路灵敏度,它们可作为选择低灵敏度电路的一个综合判据。最后介绍一种具有低灵敏度特性的微波集成MESFET放大器的设计方法,并给出了算例。  相似文献   

7.
近来表明,用于空间设备的线性微波放大器中,所用的大量的各种类型微波晶体管都是对辐射敏感的。由于晶体管的h_(FE)是对辐射非常敏感的参数,所以在空间长期工作的放大器,由于晶体管偏压条件的改变而导致其微波性能过早地下降。本文首先介绍影响线性微波晶体管放大器整个辐射灵敏度的各种因素,接着列举了对L波段和S波段前置放大器进行地面辐射试验所得的实验结果。根据估计的空间辐射剂量级进行计算所得之结果表明:在设计放大器时,若忽视辐射的影响,就可能导致放大器只有几周而不是几年的工作寿命。本文根据对元件和放大器辐照所得的实验结果,提出了使微波集成电路晶体管放大器达到耐辐射的方法。  相似文献   

8.
本文简要评述了近年来在微波低噪声前端放大器设计中被日益广泛应用的噪声量度M的物理意义及其特性。直接应用线性二端口网络的散射参量(S参量)、噪声参量和源反射系数,推导了噪声量度M在史密斯(Smith)圆图上进行图解分析的公式。为按最小噪声量度M_(min)设计微波低噪声前端放大器提供了方便的工具。  相似文献   

9.
STS-LNP型微波晶体管前置放大器   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
介绍了STS-LNP型微波晶体管前置放大器的电路结构与功能,详细阐述了该放大器在获得低噪声系数、低电压驻波比、平坦的增益特性、较好的工作稳定性等方面所采用的特殊方法。微波器件的选择以及微波电路的组装工艺措施,并对其工作原理和特性进行了说明。  相似文献   

10.
对反馈型光电混合振荡器建立了一种新的理论解 析模型,不仅可以准确描述振荡器的功率 与相噪特性,而且能够实现与Yao′s的经典近似线性模型兼容,清晰地体现非线性对增益进 行压缩的物理机理。采用近似线性分析方法,综合考虑了光电调制器与微波放 大器的非线性,建立了适用范围 更广、精确度更高的理论解析模型,进而分析了微波放大器的非线性对振荡信 号强度与相位噪声的影响。实验结果 表明,本文模型均能实现对振荡信号的功率与相噪进行 准确描述。此外,还分析了微波放大器有色噪声通过非线性 实现上转换的物理现象,提出了 “在光电振荡器(OEO)设计中让电光调制器非线性对环路增益进行压缩、保证微波放大器工 作在线性区域是一种降低振荡信号近载频相噪的有效方式”的工程方法。  相似文献   

11.
DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.  相似文献   

12.
This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel's.  相似文献   

13.
The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.  相似文献   

14.
Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.  相似文献   

15.
The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.  相似文献   

16.
From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.  相似文献   

17.
Waveguide multilayer optical card (WMOC) is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling & processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic (VB) language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.  相似文献   

18.
It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.  相似文献   

19.
In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal (200) (2d = 0.4027 nm) is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line(w), the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line(x), the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines(y), the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line(z) in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line(q) in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution(λ/△ 2) is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.  相似文献   

20.
High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET > PDMAT > TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.  相似文献   

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