New Measurement of Swaying Quantity and Multi-barrel Parallelism for Rocket Launcher

By analyzing the deficiencies of the method, a measurement system with the technologies of photoelectricity, laser and digital image processing to synthetically measure these two parameters has been developed. A traditional method to measure the swaying quantity and multi-barrel parallelism of rocket launcher is introduced. Meanwhile, the principle, executive plan and the accuracy analysis are also presented. The photoelectric measurement system has been applied in the swaying quantity and multi-barrel parallelism measurement for Φ122 mm and Φ302 mm rocket launcher. The metrical errors are both 16^th.     

Modeling and analysis of pointing error for non-landing vehicle-mounted photoelectric theodolite

In order to achieve high accuracy measurement for non-landing vehicle-mounted photoelectric theodolite (NVPT) with continuous zoom optical system, a theoretical model of pointing error is presented. Starting with the working mode, the error source of the whole closed loop which affects the pointing error is analyzed. The measurement equation is derived using a coordinate transformation. The pointing error model is then obtained with the help of Monte Carlo method. The error of an NVPT prototype is measured, showing that the pointing error can be predicted accurately. A high precision NVPT with continuous zoom optical system is successfully designed and analyzed, with an accuracy of 11.9″ at azimuth and 10.9″ at elevation, when the optical focal length is set between 1 000 mm and 4 000 mm.     

A 2D quadrangular pyramid photoelectric autocollimator with extended angle measurement range

A photoelectric autocollimator with high accuracy and extended measurement range based on the quadrangular pyramid is proposed, and the corresponding algorithms are also deduced. A new image processing algorithm has been proposed to improve the accuracy, and the corresponding errors are also estimated, the error does not exceed half a pixel when the distance between the marks more than two radii. The experimental results have verified that the measurement range of the proposed two-dimensional (2D) quadrangular pyramid photoelectric autocollimator can be increased times than that of the flat mirror photoelectric autocollimator from 10′ to 15′. The accuracy is better than 1″ when the deflection is less than 15′.     

Selection of Minimal Test Points Set for Integer-Coded Fault Wise Table

Test points selection for integer-coded fault wise table is a discrete optimization problem. On one hand, traditional exhaustive search method is computationally expensive. On the other hand, the space complexity of traditional exhaustive is low. A tradeoff method between the high time complexity and low space complexity is proposed. At first, a new fault-pair table is constructed based on the integer-coded fault wise table. The fault-pair table consists of two columns： one column represents fault pair and the other represents test points set that can distinguish the corresponding faults. Then, the rows are arranged in ascending order according to the cardinality of corresponding test points set. Thirdly, test points in the top rows are selected one by one until all fault pair are isolated. During the test points selection process, the rows that contain selected test points are deleted and then the dimension of fault-pair table decreases gradually. The proposed test points selection algorithm is illustrated and tested using an integercoded fault wise table derived from a real analog circuit. Computational results suggest show policies are better than the exhaustive strategy.     

A high-drop hole-type photonic crystal add-drop filter

Based on the effect of total internal reflection（TIR）and photonic band gap,a new type of hexagonal-lattice hole-type silicon photonic crystal add-drop filter is proposed with a large circular hole as inner ring.The single mode operation is realized by compressing the two rows of photonic crystal above and below the line defect waveguide.Two-dimensional（2D）finite-difference time-domain（FDTD）method is then applied to investigate the impacts of side length of inner ring and coupling strength on its drop efficiency.It is also fairly compared with the traditional inner ring structure composed of hexagonal-lattice holes.The results show that the proposed structure can offer higher spectral selectivity than the traditional one.Two channel wavelengths of 1.425μm and 1.45μm can be simultaneously dropped at corresponding ports with drop efficiency of more than 90%and quality factor of 900 in the proposed configuration when the width of bus waveguide,the side length of inner ring and the coupling strength are 0.8 3 a,4a and 0,respectively,where a is the lattice constant.     

A displacement measurement system based on optical triangulation method

A new displacement measurement system is described in this paper according to the basic principles of traditional lasertriangulation method. The range of the traditional measuring method is enlarged by measuring in sections. Three independent CCDs, which are distributed uniformly along the optical axis, are used to achieve subsection measurement. The planemirror is regarded as a virtual detector. When imaging beam is reflected by the plane mirror, the beam is imaged on theCC D. The designed system is equivalent to add a CCD. The feasibility of the displacement measurement system is verifiedby the experiment.     

Study on Optical Axis Measurement of LED

The necessity of measuring optical axis of LED for photoelectric sensor is introduced and the measurement of the optical axis with area weighted method is done.Finally,the effects of chip seat and loading current changes on the optical axis place are obtained.     

Design of vision measurement system of double optical paths with single CCD based on DSP

The design of vision measurement system of double optical paths with single CCD based on the digital signal processor （DSP） is presented. Using TMS320F2812 as the intelligent control unit, the CCD driving circuit, level conversion circuit and CCD output signal data acquisition and processing circuit are designed. By means of plane reflectors, the optical structure of the system is optimized, which reduces errors owing to tilt effect of the measured unit, improves measuring accuracy and makes the system more compact. Double optical paths signal data acquisition with single CCD is demonstrated. In addition, the improved resolution is enhanced up to sub-pixel level by the average polynomial interpolation algorithm.     

A simple fiber length measurement method with improved accuracy using microwave photonic technology

A simple method to measure the length of optical fiber is proposed using microwave photonic technology. The length of fiber is measured according to the free spectral range (FSR) of the microwave photonic system. The measurement accuracy is only related to the accuracy of FSR measurement. The accuracy is further improved by introducing a reference fiber, and the method was verified in the experiment with 2—10 m single-mode fiber.     

Properties of a polaron in a quantum dot:a squeezed-state variational approach

The ground-state energy and the average number of virtual phonons around the electron in a parabolic quantum dot for the entire range of the electron-phonon coupling constant are obtained using the single-mode squeezed-state variational approach.The variational approach we applied is based on two successive canonical transformations and using a displaced-oscillator type unitary transformation to deal with the bilinear terms which are usually neglected.In order to study the relationship between the ground-state energy and the average number of virtual phonons around the electron of a polaron in a parabolic quantum dot with the electron-LO-phonon coupling constant and the confinement length,numerical calculations are carried out in the electron-LO-phonon strong-and weak-coupling regions.     

提高CCD测量精度的方法研究

为了大幅提高CCD的测量精度,提出了一种全新的CCD使用方法。该方法是将像素间距为H的CCD器件的像素行沿与被测边缘垂直方向成一定角度α来进行摆放。此时,单线阵CCD的最大测量误差减小为H×cosα,N个线阵CCD等距错排并以α角度斜放,最大测量误差将减小为(Hcosα)/N,当列间距为h的面阵CCD沿被测对象轴向斜放时,最大测量误差减小为h×sinα。分别采用单CCD和双CCD,对直径为5.000,8.000和12.000mm的三个标准杆件的直径进行了测量。结果表明,双CCD斜放,可获得更高的测量精度。该方法可从理论上彻底打破CCD像素间距的限制,并使CCD的测量精度大幅度地提高,进一步拓展CCD的应用范围。     

Enhancing the Photoelectric Performance of Photodetectors Based on Metal Oxide Semiconductors by Charge‐Carrier Engineering

Semiconductor‐based photodetectors (PDs) convert light signals into electrical signals via the photoelectric effect, which involves the generation, separation, and transportation of the photoinduced charge carriers, as well as the extraction of these charge carriers to external circuits. Because of their specific electronic and optoelectronic properties, metal oxide semiconductors are widely used building blocks in photoelectric devices. However, the compromise between enhancing the photoresponse and reducing the rise/decay times limits the practical applications of PDs based on metal oxide semiconductors. As the behaviors of the charge carriers play important roles in the photoelectric conversion process of these PDs, researchers have proposed several strategies, including modification of light absorption, design of novel PD heterostructures, construction of specific geometries, and adoption of specific electrode configurations to modulate the charge‐carrier behaviors and improve the photoelectric performance of related PDs. This review aims to introduce and summarize the latest researches on enhancing the photoelectric performance of PDs based on metal oxide semiconductors via charge‐carrier engineering, and proposes possible opportunities and directions for the future developments of these PDs in the last section.     

Efficient built-in redundancy analysis for embedded memories with 2-D redundancy

A novel redundant mechanism is proposed for embedded memories in this paper. Redundant rows and columns are added into the memory array as in the conventional approaches. However, the redundant rows and columns are divided into row blocks and column blocks, respectively. The reconfiguration is performed at the row (column) block level instead of the conventional row (column) level. Based on the proposed redundant mechanism, we first show that the complexity of the redundancy allocation problem is NP-complete. Thereafter, an extended local repair-most (ELRM) algorithm suitable for built-in implementation is proposed. The complexity of the ELRM algorithm is O(N), where N denotes the number of memory cells. According to the simulation results, the hardware overhead for implementing this algorithm is below 0.17% for a 1024/spl times/2048-b SRAM. Due to the efficient usage of the redundant elements, the manufacturing yield, repair rate, and reliability can be improved significantly.     

提高CCD测量精度的方法研究

提出一种大幅提高CCD的测量精度的方法。将像素间距为H的CCD器件像素行沿与被测边缘垂直方向成α角度摆放时,单线阵CCD的最大测量误差减小为Hcosα;N个线阵CCD等距错排并以α角度斜放,最大测量误差将减小为(Hcosα)/N;当列间距为h的面阵CCD沿被测对象轴向斜放时,最大测量误差减小为hsinα。分别采用单CCD和双CCD,对直径为5.000、8.000和12.000mm的3个标准杆件的直径进行了测量,结果表明,双CCD斜放可获得更高的测量精度。     

A high-resolution staggered-configuration CCD imager overlaid with an a-Si:H photoconductive layer

A high resolution "two-level" CCD imager was overlaid with an a-SiC: H (intrinsic)/a-Si: H (intrinsic)/a-SiC:H (p-type) photo-conversion layer. This device has 400 (horizontal:H) × 500 (vertical:V) pixels, in which 385(H) × 490(V) pixels are effective. The image area is 8.8 mm (H) × 6.5 mm (V), which corresponds to ⅔-in optical format. The high-resolution feature has been realized by staggered configuration pixel layout and novel interline transfer CCD scanner, which can read out two horizontal rows simultaneously. A horizontal limiting resolution of 500 TV lines, which is twice the conventional horizontal 400-pixel-number CCD, has been obtained without increasing the pixel packing density.     

无催化剂气相沉积法直接制备用于紫外光检测的氧化锌纳米线网

对于环境检测和高速光通信而言,高性能紫外光电探测器是关键。利用气相沉积法在无催化剂条件下制备氧化锌纳米线网,在纳米线网上直接制备光电器件的性能得到了提高。结果显示,纳米线网光电探测器的光电流为60 A,大约是单根纳米线光电器件光电流的15倍。详细讨论纳米线网光电探测器的响应机制发现,在纳米线网内,纳米线与纳米线之间的结势垒高度决定了纳米线内部载流子的传输。当紫外光照射纳米线网光电探测器时,纳米线与纳米线之间结势磊高度的快速变低,从而提高光电器件的性能。     

Dynamic range improvement by narrow-channel effect suppression andsmear reduction technologies in small pixel IT-CCD image sensors

Technologies for narrow-channel effect suppression in photodiodes (PDs) and vertical CCDs (V-CCDs) and for smear reduction in PDs have been developed in order to improve dynamic range in small pixel interline-transfer CCD (IT-CCD) image sensors. The new technologies have been applied to a progressive-scan IT-CCD image sensor with 5 μm square pixels and have (1) increased the charge handling capability of its V-CCDs to 4500 electrons/V; (2) improved its smear value to -95 dB; and (3) increased the saturation charge of its PDs to 2.3×10⁴ electrons     

Charge-injection device with CCD readout

Describes the use of an n-channel two-level polysilicon process for the fabrication of an experimental 16/spl times/16 CID imager. The design of the picture elements had to be modified to minimize blooming and signal crosstalk between adjacent sites. The various readout techniques so far devised use two digital shift registers and, in some cases, decoders for addressing the imager. For standard parallel-injection readout the output signal is inversely proportional to the number of rows and columns. A new readout technique is presented in which the signal is transferred from the column lines into a readout CCD. The amplitude of the output signal is independent of the number of picture elements. Both fixed pattern and random noise are reduced.     

A 1/2-in. CCD image sensor overlaid with a hydrogenated amorphous silicon

A half-inch size CCD image sensor overlaid with a hydrogen-erated amorphous silicon (α-Si:H) as a photodetector has been developed. The array consists of 506V × 404H picture elements. The glow-discharged α-Si:H film has high quantum efficiency of 0.75-0.8 in the visible wavelength range and low dark current of 0.2 nA/cm²and is formed on the CCD scanner with vertical overflow drain. This CCD image sensor has a sensitivity of 0.014 µA/lx (3200 K)and a S/N ratio of 73 and 68 dB for fixed-pattern noise and random noise, respectively. Smearing signal is suppressed to below 5 percent at incident light intensity of 1000 times saturation exposure. The blooming and highlight lag are completely suppressed by the vertical overflow drain structure.     

A 1/3-in 410000-pixel CCD image sensor with feedback field-plateamplifier

The design considerations and performance of a 1/3-in format 410000-pixel interline transfer charge coupled device (CCD) (IL-CCD) image sensor are described. Some techniques have been introduced in order to shrink the pixel size to 6.4(H)×7.5(V) μm without any deterioration in dynamic range and, signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio. The photodiode structure is designed to reduce the knee effect so as to avoid an overflow of the vertical CCD (V-CCD) register up to 500 times the saturating illumination. A depleted-well CCD structure is introduced to maintain the maximum charge-handling capability of 92000 electrons/packet in the V-CCD register, and high enough transfer efficiency of the horizontal CCD (H-CCD) registers with 5-V_p-p pulse driving. A feedback field-plate amplifier (FFPA) is introduced to raise the sensitivity of the output amplifier to 16.2 μV/electron in order to obtain a large enough S/N ratio to the background noise of the peripheral circuits in a video camera