一种双/多波段红外目标融合检测方法

针对双/多波段红外目标检测问题,提出了一种基于自适应加权投票融合准则的红外目标融合检测方法。该方法首先对双/多波段红外传感器进行图像配准,然后对单传感器红外图像进行处理,得到单传感器目标检测结果,最后使用提出的自适应加权投票融合准则,对单传感器目标检测结果进行融合,得到最终判决。实验结果显示,该算法能在较大程度上降低目标检测过程中的不确定性,从而提高了系统的检测性能,同单波段检测结果和其他的融合结果相比,该方法能有效地降低漏警概率和虚警概率;并且该方法易于实现,并在实际工程中得到了应用。     

基于混合融合策略的双波段红外小目标检测方法

双波段红外图像的小目标融合检测是红外自动寻的系统的关键技术和研究热点之一。为了建立有效的融合检测结构,对基于布尔逻辑的融合检测方法进行了分析,并从小目标红外成像原理出发,提出了一种基于与逻辑和局部灰度的混合融合检测算法。首先,分别对单波段的红外图像进行阈值分割;其次,对两个波段的检测结果进行与融合;再次,对与融合之外的目标点进行局部灰度判别,进一步提高检测概率;最后,根据融合结果调节第一步中局部检测器的分割阈值,以优化局部检测器。实验仿真结果表明,该算法有效地提高了双波段红外的检测能力,且算法结构简单、运算速度快,具有较强的实用性。     

基于小波变换与灰度形态学滤波的双波段红外图像弱目标融合检测

针对舰载红外搜索与跟踪系统中的弱目标检测问题,本文首先提出了一种采用小波变换与灰度形态学滤波相结合的背景抑制与目标增强算法;然后基于所提出的背景抑制与目标增强算法设计了一种双波段红外图像弱目标融合检测方法;最后采用实际的双波段红外图像序列对所提出的背景抑制与目标增强算法和所设计的双波段红外图像弱目标融合检测方法进行了实验测试,并给出了详细的分析与比较。实验结果显示所提出的背景抑制与目标增强算法在较大程度上改善了在信噪比条件下的红外图像弱目标检测效率,而双波段红外图像的应用进一步提高了系统的目标检测性能。     

空空导弹多光谱红外成像制导技术研究

从空空导弹红外制导系统的需求出发, 探讨多光谱成像制导技术的研究思路与系统设计方法, 介绍了共光路与分光路多种多光谱光学系统的结构设计, 分析了多光谱红外导引技术中的光谱细分、多光谱红外探测器、系统匹配、多传感器信号融合及光谱特征选取等关键技术。在此基础上给出了一种空空导弹双色成像探测系统实例, 该系统利用共光路系统设计实现双波段红外成像探测, 并针对红外诱饵干扰进行了基于光谱特征的目标跟踪与抗干扰算法, 实验验证该系统具有优于单波段成像导引头的目标识别与干扰抑制能力, 显示出了多光谱成像导引头是空空导弹的发展方向。     

空空导弹多光谱红外成像制导技术研究

从空空导弹红外制导系统的需求出发，探讨多光谱成像制导技术的研究思路与系统设计方法．介绍了共光路与分光路多种多光谱光学系统的结构设计，分析了多光谱红外导引技术中的光谱细分、多光谱红外探测器、系统匹配、多传感器信号融合及光谱特征选取等关键技术。在此基础上给出了一种空空导弹双色成像探测系统实例，该系统利用共光路系统设计实现双波段红外成像探测，并针对红外诱饵干扰进行了基于光谱特征的目标跟踪与抗干扰算法，实验验证该系统具有优于单波段成像导引头的目标识别与干扰抑制能力，显示出了多光谱成像导引头是空空导弹的发展方向。     

一种红外探测与跟踪系统的仿真设计和实现

介绍了一种基于舰载平台的双波段红外探测与跟踪系统仿真的设计与实现 ,其目的是为舰载指控系统数据融合提供目标信息。该仿真包括目标与背景辐射亮度的计算、传感器虚警概率和检测概率的计算 ,以及产生目标与背景红外图像的方法和目标跟踪的实现。     

红外双波段/双视场导引头的光学设计

现有对地捷联导引头多数采用红外单波段和单视场相结合的方式对目标进行匹配和截获,然而该种方式在日益复杂的战场环境下易受目标/背景特性复杂程度、探测器性能、视场大小限制等因素的影响。在保留了某型捷联导引头原有单一的中波红外大视场的基础上,加入了长波红外大小两个视场,提出了一种新型的红外双波段/双视场导引头。通过利用中长波双波段的图像融合和长波红外下的双视场切换,突出目标与背景特征信息差异,可以有效提高导弹对目标的截获概率。采用CODE V软件设计了光学系统。整个系统采用共孔径式光学设计,具有较好的成像质量,满足系统要求。     

基于小波分析的双色红外弱小目标检测算法

针对单波段红外弱小目标检测难度大、信息量少的问题,提出一种基于小波分析的双色红外弱小目标检测算法。首先运用小波滤波器对双色图像进行一级分解,然后提出一种软、硬阈值折衷法对高频小波系数进行处理,低于阈值的系数将被直接归零以抑制背景;通过采用一定的策略对双波段高频图像进行融合并将低频系数归零后,运用小波反变换得到滤波图像,最终采用多帧累积检测完成弱小目标的检测。实验证明本文算法能有效提升目标信噪比,具有良好的弱小目标检测能力和实时性。     

一种基于广义累积和的多波段红外变异点目标检测方法

在红外搜索跟踪应用中,对突然出现和消失的变异点的检测一直是个亟待关注和研究的重要课题。随着多波段红外探测系统的应用,提出一种基于广义累积和的红外目标运动轨迹序列检测新方法,将检测波段从单波段扩展到多波段,从而保证虚警概率不大于某一定值的情况下,使多波段变异点探测概率增大或使所需的信噪比和平均检测时延大大减小。数据仿真表明,这一方法在红外变异点目标序列检测方面具有良好的效果,在虚警概率一定的情况下,信噪比检测门限可降低至传统方法的60%,双波段变异点平均检测时延约减少为传统检测方法的1/2。     

一种基于多传感器多级信息融合的红外目标检测方法

针对远距离低信噪比条件下目标检测难的实际问题,该文提出一种基于多传感器多级信息融合的目标检测方法。该算法包括两个部分:特征级融合和决策级融合。在特征级融合阶段,首先提取双波段红外图像的各个特征图像;然后,采用自适应加权方法对所得到的特征图像进行融合,得到目标判决置信图;最后根据置信度最大规则对置信图进行目标位置搜索,得到各级目标判决结果。在决策级融合阶段,对各级目标判决结果采用组合逻辑进行融合,得到系统的目标检测输出。实验结果显示了该算法的有效性。     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

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正Communications—VLSI Researches and industries of telecommunications have been growing rapidly in the last 20 years and will keep their high growing pace in the next decade.The involved researches and developments cover mobile communications,highway and last-mile broadband communication,domain specific communications,and emerging D2D M2M communications.Radio communication steps into its