基于PCA与EMD的超宽带雷达生命信号检测算法

 本文分析了脉冲超宽带(UWB)生命信号模型,提出了基于主元分析(PCA)和经验模态分解(EMD)的非接触生命信号检测方法.根据UWB信号杂波与生命目标回波特点,结合PCA去除杂波.提取适当的主元特征向量序列曲线上峰值所对应的时延,估计目标距离信息.采用EMD分解目标回波序列为有限个固有模态函数(IMF)分量,在时域上重构平滑生命特征曲线,且其在高信噪比下可实现心跳与呼吸信号的分离.实验研究表明该方法简单有效,能同时提供生命信号的频域和时域波形位置信息,且重构得到的生命信号较符合实际信号时变、非平稳特性.     

穿墙探测雷达的直达波抑制

直达波相对目标回波具有很强的能量,使其对穿墙探测雷达(TWDR)的目标回波信号检测造成了严重干扰.可根据各个测点直达波的强相关性,基于SVD分解提取参考直达波,采用自适应对消算法抑制直达波.通过对实测数据的处理结果看出,此方法有效地抑制了直达波,将回波的信干比(SIR)由-20.402 dB提高到20.479 dB.     

基于RLS横向滤波自适应抵消法的直达波抑制

直达波(收发天线耦合波、表面直接反射波)由于其具有很强的能量对近场瞬态测量系统--表层穿透雷达(SPR)目标回波信号造成了严重干扰。本文根据各测点直达波的强相关性,采用自适应抵消法去除直达波。处理结果表明自适应抵消法能够有效的抑制直达波,抑制了4ldB;提高目标回波的信干比(SIR),由.5.5dB提高到了6.2dB。同时该方法对直达波局部畸变以及幅度、时延的变化具有很强的适用性。     

基于VMD的调频连续波雷达生命信号提取

针对生命探测雷达心跳信号能量微弱难于准确提取的问题,提出了一种基于变分模态分解(Variational Mode Decomposition, VMD)的调频连续波雷达生命信号提取算法。该算法首先利用距离维快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform, FFT)获得距离剖面图,然后通过最大方差法得到目标所在距离门,接着对低通滤波后的相位信号使用VMD进行分离,并采用模态判别准则对生命信号进行重构,最后对重构信号进行FFT得到呼吸和心跳频率。雷达实测结果表明,相比于应用聚类经验模态分解(Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition, EEMD),所提生命信号提取算法能够有效抑制雷达回波中的呼吸谐波和噪声,更加准确有效地提取生命体征信号。     

基于改进SO-CFAR 和ACA-VMD 算法的 雷达生命体征检测

非接触生命体征检测技术难以有效利用胸腔产生的微多普勒效应提取心跳和呼吸信号,针对这一问 题,文中提出了一种基于改进最小选择恒虚警(SO-CFAR)和蚁群变分模态分解(ACA-VMD)算法的生命体征检测方 法,并通过仿真和实测验证了算法的检测精度。首先对77 GHz 毫米波雷达的中频回波信号进行预处理得到干净的 雷达I/ Q 数据,然后调整因子以平衡前后窗的功率水平让单元极小值恒虚警检测能够对噪声下的目标进行精确提 取,最后采用蚁群优化后的变分模态对目标信号进行模态混叠的抑制并采用全相位频谱分析,使得呼吸和心跳的信 噪比改善了1.765 dB,完成呼吸和心跳有效分离和提取,实现了人体生命体征的准确检测。     

模拟家庭监护的非接触呼吸和心跳信号分离实验研究

该实验研究的目的是为了从雷达式生命参数监护系统的回波信号中分离出呼吸和心跳信号,提取呼吸、心跳的特征参数,为家庭监护及疾病预防提供依据。分析回波信号的特点,改进自适应滤波器的参考输入信号为呼吸信号的谐波组合。针对模拟家庭监护实验提出了基于LMS自适应谐波抵消算法进行自适应滤波。在模拟家庭监护的实验中可以有效地分离出呼吸和心跳信号。     

基于半主动导引头的通道间对消算法研究

针对半主动雷达导引头的工作特点,导引头接收天线不仅接收到目标回波信号,还会收到地面雷达发射的探测直达波。直达波功率高于回波功率数个量级,导致目标回波信号被淹没,造成目标检测概率降低、测角误差增大等不利影响,需对直达波进行抑制。基于半主动导引头平台,本文提出一种有效抑制直达波的通道间对消算法,可极大的提高信干噪比,有利于目标检测及目标特征的进一步提取。本算法简捷有效易于导引头平台实现,具有较高的推广应用价值。     

基于多路径对消的直达波干扰抑制算法研究

无源探测接受目标回波信号的通道无法避免直达波干扰的问题,且目标信号相比于直达波的强度明显要弱,直达波直接会影响到目标信号的正常检测,因此必需要采取相应的抑制手段来解决这一问题。通常,我们在获取提纯参考直达波信号时,可应用自适应算法来实现对直达波的对消。     

基于子空间投影的双基地地波超视距雷达直达波抑制方法

双基地地波超视距雷达采用岸基阵列发射正交频率编码信号,舰载单根全向天线接收回波信号.由于发射站全方位辐射能量以及接收平台运动,不能直接采用已有的如发射置零、旁瓣对消等技术来抑制直达波.该文结合该雷达特点以及自适应置零技术,提出基于子空间投影的直达波抑制方法并对其性能进行分析.该方法利用接收端等效信号构造直达波子空间的正交投影矩阵,对接收信号进行投影,从而抑制直达波干扰.仿真和实测数据结果表明,该方法能对直达波干扰进行有效抑制.     

连续波雷达直达波对消子系统设计

为了提高连续波穿墙生命探测雷达目标的生命回波信号的检测效果,在发射机和接收机之间增加直达波对消子系统模块.在2.4 GHz频段,采用射频集成芯片进行直达波对消子系统的硬件设计.根据对消后的实时功率检测结果,通过微处理器的自动搜索控制程序,调节对消估计信号的幅度和相位,最后实现对消比大于40 dB的直达波射频频段自动对消效果,有效地降低连续波雷达的强直达波的干扰.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

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正Communications—VLSI Researches and industries of telecommunications have been growing rapidly in the last 20 years and will keep their high growing pace in the next decade.The involved researches and developments cover mobile communications,highway and last-mile broadband communication,domain specific communications,and emerging D2D M2M communications.Radio communication steps into its