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对基于一维纳米材料的硅纳米线场效应晶体管(SiNW-FET)传感器在疾病早期诊断中检测超低浓度生物标志物的优势进行了简单阐述,提出提高SiNW-FET传感器检测灵敏度的重要性和必要性。介绍了SiNW-FET传感器的工作原理、检测灵敏度和检测限(LOD)。重点讨论了通过对SiNW表面修饰方法的优化、使用不同结构形状SiNW和降低传感器德拜屏蔽效应等方法提高SiNW-FET传感器的灵敏度,对各种提高灵敏度的方法和对应方法下SiNW-FET传感器的检测限或灵敏度进行了对比总结。最后,总结了提高SiNW-FET传感器灵敏度的方法和目前亟待解决的问题,并展望了其发展趋势。 相似文献
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在电子战微波接收机中,灵敏度是个关键性的指标.而灵敏度又与动态范围,瞬时工作带宽等几项指标相互牵制,经常顾此失彼.在微波接收机电路设计中,综合考虑几项指标,选择折中方案,保证灵敏度,又不失其他特性,便成了设计考量的关键.就微波接收机中对灵敏度有影响的幅频特性、噪声等指标进行了分析,阐述了提高灵敏度的途径. 相似文献
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二维数字系统的系数灵敏度和结构优化 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文从二维数字系统的Roesser模型出发,在Kawamata等人定义的灵敏度的基础上,导出了系统传输函数对全体系数的标量灵敏度的新的表达式,并给出了一种降低灵敏度的优化方法,该优化方法不仅可以降低系数灵敏度,还可以提高结构的效率.举例结果表明,新的表达式与Kawamata等人的表达式相比,能更好地与计算机模拟结果相符. 相似文献
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论文探索了光阴极玻璃基底的热清洁和离子清洁对提高光阴极灵敏度的影响。通过
不同玻璃基底玻璃成分的研究,证明玻璃中的碱金属的含量会影响到光阴极灵敏度的高低。通过表面张力分析,证明对光阴极玻璃基底进行热清洁和离子清洁可以增加玻璃表面的表面能,对提高光阴极的灵敏度有一定的作用。通过XPS分析,证明离子清洁可以提高光阴极的灵敏度,然而离子清洁过度会带来碳污染,从而降低光阴极灵敏度的稳定性。 相似文献
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《电子技术与软件工程》2016,(17)
通过在霍尔传感器芯片上集成双向灵敏度调整电路,对芯片磁场灵敏度进行修调,提高产品良率,并可通过调整传感器的灵敏度,产品调整至目标磁场灵敏度,可有效的针对目标客户。 相似文献
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由于平板探测器对有无试件射线能谱响应的灵敏度不同,致使利用射线透照成像对试件投影估计的对比度降低,影响了对细节的可检出性。通过分析射线成像检测的数理模型,提出等效能谱透照成像方法,对探测器灵敏度进行校正。利用无缺陷的高密度材料等被检试件,进行背景成像,实现在有无试件情况下的探测等效能谱成像。与常规校正法对焊接板进行实验对比研究结果表明,等效能谱法增强了成像的可视化效果,通过像质计灵敏度实验,其对比度灵敏度提高了20-40灰度级;提高了检测中诸如未焊透和裂纹等微小细节的可检出性。 相似文献
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Siyi Xu Daniel M. Vogt Wen‐Hao Hsu John Osborne Timothy Walsh Jonathan R. Foster Sarah K. Sullivan Vincent C. Smith Andreas W. Rousing Eugene C. Goldfield Robert J. Wood 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(7)
Fluidic soft sensors have been widely used in wearable devices for human motion capturing. However, thus far, the biocompatibility of the conductive liquid, the linearity of the sensing signal, and the hysteresis between the loading and release processes have limited the sensing quality as well as the applications of these sensors. In this paper, silicone based strain and force sensors composed of a novel biocompatible conductive liquid (potassium iodide and glycerol solution) are introduced. The strain sensors exhibit negligible hysteresis up to 5 Hz, with a gauge factor of 2.2 at 1 Hz. The force sensors feature a novel multifunctional layered structure, with microcylinder‐filled channels to achieve high linearity, low hysteresis (5.3% hysteresis at 1 Hz), and good sensitivity (100% resistance increase at a 5 N load). The sensors' gauge factors are stable at various temperatures and humidity levels. These biocompatible, low hysteresis, and high linearity sensors are promising for safe and reliable diagnostic devices, wearable motion capture, and compliant human–computer interfaces. 相似文献
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Jianwen Chen Yutian Zhu Xiaohua Chang Duo Pan Gang Song Zhanhu Guo Nithesh Naik 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(42):2104686
Inspired by the human skin, electronic skins (e-skins) composed of various flexible sensors, such as strain sensor, pressure sensor, shear force sensor, temperature sensor, and humility sensor, and delicate circuits, are emerged to mimic the sensing functions of human skins. In this review, the strategies to realize the versatile functionalities of natural skin-like e-skins, including strain-, pressure-, shear force-, temperature- and humility-sensing abilities, as well as self-healing ability and other functions are summarized. Some representative examples of high-performance e-skins and their applications are outlined and discussed. Finally, the outlook of the future of e-skins is presented. 相似文献
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Inexpensive humidity sensors operating at room temperature are developed by casting on glossy paper linearly shaped carbon nanotubes electrodes, spaced by few hundreds microns, and sensitive layers consisting of iron oxide nanopowder dispersed in a polyelectrolyte host. The electrical behaviour of the devices, investigated by using triangular voltage inputs, is found to be mainly capacitive. The humidity sensing functionality is demonstrated by a reversible change of the devices’ capacitance, from few tens pF to hundreds pF, as the relative humidity level changes from 35% to 60%. The average response and recovery time of the devices is found to be of the order of a few min. 相似文献
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Stretchable,Skin‐Mountable,and Wearable Strain Sensors and Their Potential Applications: A Review 下载免费PDF全文
Morteza Amjadi Ki‐Uk Kyung Inkyu Park Metin Sitti 《Advanced functional materials》2016,26(11):1678-1698
There is a growing demand for flexible and soft electronic devices. In particular, stretchable, skin‐mountable, and wearable strain sensors are needed for several potential applications including personalized health‐monitoring, human motion detection, human‐machine interfaces, soft robotics, and so forth. This Feature Article presents recent advancements in the development of flexible and stretchable strain sensors. The article shows that highly stretchable strain sensors are successfully being developed by new mechanisms such as disconnection between overlapped nanomaterials, crack propagation in thin films, and tunneling effect, different from traditional strain sensing mechanisms. Strain sensing performances of recently reported strain sensors are comprehensively studied and discussed, showing that appropriate choice of composite structures as well as suitable interaction between functional nanomaterials and polymers are essential for the high performance strain sensing. Next, simulation results of piezoresistivity of stretchable strain sensors by computational models are reported. Finally, potential applications of flexible strain sensors are described. This survey reveals that flexible, skin‐mountable, and wearable strain sensors have potential in diverse applications while several grand challenges have to be still overcome. 相似文献
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Giovanni A. Salvatore Jenny Sülzle Filippo Dalla Valle Giuseppe Cantarella Francesco Robotti Petar Jokic Stefan Knobelspies Alwin Daus Lars Büthe Luisa Petti Norbert Kirchgessner Raoul Hopf Michele Magno Gerhard Tröster 《Advanced functional materials》2017,27(35)
Recent advances in biomaterials, thin film processing, and nanofabrication offer the opportunity to design electronics with novel and unique capabilities, including high mechanical stability and biodegradation, which are relevant in medical implants, environmental sensors, and wearable and disposable devices. Combining reliable electrical performance with high mechanical deformation and chemical degradation remains still challenging. This work reports temperature sensors whose material composition enables full biodegradation while the layout and ultrathin format ensure a response time of 10 ms and stable operation demonstrated by a resistance variation of less than 0.7% when the devices are crumpled, folded, and stretched up to 10%. Magnesium microstructures are encapsulated by a compostable‐certified flexible polymer which exhibits small swelling rate and a Young's modulus of about 500 MPa which approximates that of muscles and cartilage. The extension of the design from a single sensor to an array and its integration onto a fluidic device, made of the same polymer, provides routes for a smart biodegradable system for flow mapping. Proper packaging of the sensors tunes the dissolution dynamics to a few days in water while the connection to a Bluetooth module demonstrates wireless operation with 200 mK resolution prospecting application in food tracking and in medical postsurgery monitoring. 相似文献
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B. J. Hosticka W. Brockherde D. Hammerschmidt 《Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing》1997,14(3):261-273
Silicon sensor systems are based on capability of siliconto serve as a basic material for monolithic cointegration ofsensors and electronics. Implementation of this cointegration,its advantages and benefits, and examples of silicon sensor systemsform the central part of this contribution. 相似文献
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Peter Ngene Tsveta Radeva Martin Slaman Ruud J. Westerwaal Herman Schreuders Bernard Dam 《Advanced functional materials》2014,24(16):2374-2382
There is a great interest in the development of reliable and low‐cost hydrogen sensors for applications in the hydrogen economy, industrial processes, space application, detection of environmental pollution, and biomedical applications. Here, a new type of optical detector that indicates the presence of hydrogen in concentration range 5 ppm to 0.1 vol% H2 merely by a reversible and tunable color change is reported. The device takes advantage of the reversible change in optical properties of a Pd‐capped Y thin film upon exposure to H2, while the color is tuned using the interference of light reflected between the Y and Pd layers. In this way, an eye‐readable optical sensor that circumvents the need for electronics and external digital readouts is created. Using surface modifications, the performance of the H2 detector in humid and oxygen rich environment is greatly improved. Therefore, the device has the potential to be used for chemical and also biochemical/biomedical H2 sensing applications such as breathe hydrogen tests. 相似文献
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Jeng-Hun Lee Eunyoung Kim Heng Zhang Haomin Chen Harun Venkatesan Kit-Ying Chan Jie Yang Xi Shen Jinglei Yang Seokwoo Jeon Jang-Kyo Kim 《Advanced functional materials》2022,32(1):2107570
A rational approach is proposed to design soft multifunctional sensors capable of detection and discrimination of different physical stimuli. Herein, a flexible multifunctional sensor concurrently detecting and distinguishing minute temperature and pressure stimuli in real time is developed using electrospun carbon nanofiber (CNF) films as the sole sensing material and electrical resistance as the only output signal. The stimuli sensitivity and discriminability are coordinated by tailoring the atomic- and device-level structures of CNF films to deliver outstanding pressure and temperature sensitivities of ? 0.96 kPa?1 and ? 2.44% ° C?1, respectively, enabling mutually exclusive sensing performance without signal cross-interference. The CNF multifunctional sensor is considered the first of its kind to accomplish the stimulus discriminability using only the electrical resistance as the output signal, which is most convenient to monitor and process for device applications. As such, it has distinct advantages over other reported sensors in its simple, cost-effective fabrication and readout system. It also possesses other invaluable traits, including good bending stability, fast response time, and long-term durability. Importantly, the ability to simultaneously detect and decouple temperature and pressure stimuli is demonstrated through novel applications as a skin-mountable device and a flexible game controller. 相似文献