融合半监督降维与稀疏表示的人脸识别方法

由于人脸图像数据的维数都较高,将稀疏表示分类用于人脸识别时计算量很大,为了提高人脸识别系统的效率,提出了一种融合半监督降维和稀疏表示的人脸识别方法。首先利用半监督降维算法对图像进行降维处理,在较低的维数空间快速取得较高的识别率,然后利用稀疏表示分类进行人脸识别,取得比传统的最近邻分类器更高的识别率,最后在ORL人脸库上进行实验验证。结果表明,利用该融合算法可快速有效地提高人脸图像的识别效果。     

基于LLE降维的图像检索

基于内容的图像检索是图像检索中的一项重要方法,可是图像处理中存在着一个难题就是维数过大,处理效率不高。本文目的是探索对于图像在降维之后的特征向量能否可以直接进行图像匹配检索,这样处理既能解决维数问题,也可以提高处理的速度。本文在HSI模型的基础上采用LLE降维,分别对H、S、I进行降维。通过对降维后的特征向量直接进行匹配检索,争取提高图像处理速度,及图像检索精度。实验结果表明该算法在图像检索中是有效的。     

基于蒙特卡罗特征降维算法的小样本高光谱图像分类

高光谱图像分类是高光谱数据分析的重要研究内容.相关向量机由于不受梅西定理的限制、不需要设置惩罚因子等优势受到广泛关注.由于高光谱数据具有较高的维数,当训练样本较少时,高光谱数据的分类精度受到严重的影响.通常解决这种现象的办法是对原数据进行特征降维处理,然而多数基于filter模型的特征选择算法无法直接给出最优特征选择个数.为此提出利用蒙特卡罗随机实验可以对特征参量进行统计估计的特性,计算高光谱图像的最优降维特征数,并与相关向量机结合,对降维后的数据进行分类.实验结果表明了使用蒙特卡罗算法求解降维波段数的可靠性.相比较原始末降维数据,降维后的高光谱图像分类精度有较大幅度的提高.     

基于蒙特卡罗特征降维算法的小样本高光谱图像分类

高光谱图像分类是高光谱数据分析的重要研究内容。相关向量机由于不受梅西定理的限制、不需要设置惩罚因子等优势受到广泛关注。由于高光谱数据具有较高的维数, 当训练样本较少时,高光谱数据的分类精度受到严重的影响。通常解决这种现象的办法是对原数据进行特征降维处理,然而多数基于filter模型的特征选择算法无法直接给出最优特征选择个数。为此提出利用蒙特卡罗随机实验可以对特征参量进行统计估计的特性,计算高光谱图像的最优降维特征数,并与相关向量机结合,对降维后的数据进行分类。实验结果表明了使用蒙特卡罗算法求解降维波段数的可靠性。相比较原始未降维数据,降维后的高光谱图像分类精度有较大幅度的提高。     

一种基于降维滤波的快速去雾算法

为了达到单幅图像的快速去雾,提出了一种基于降维滤波的快速去雾算法.采用边界约束来求取透射率图,然后用降维滤波对透射率图进行优化,减少了计算量;通过自适应调节大气光值和透射率下限值优化了天空区域的失真;对去雾后的图像进行自适应Zadeh-X变换改善图像的视觉效果.通过对多种带雾图像实验表明该算法可以达到高速和高质量的去雾,并且适用于偏暗、偏亮和颜色不丰富的带雾场景.     

基于视觉显著模型的遥感图像舰船快速检测

为了降低传统高分辨率海面遥感图像舰船目标检测方法的计算复杂度,提高检测速度,在舰船目标检测中引入了基于直方图对比度的视觉显著模型和空间降维算法,提出一种新的高分辨率海面遥感图像舰船目标快速检测算法。首先对高分辨率遥感图像进行空间降维,然后计算降维图的视觉显著图,突出感兴趣目标区域,最后利用最大类间方差法分割视觉显著图以获取舰船目标候选区域。结果表明,目标检测所消耗的时间减小为原来的10%~12%,弱化了复杂海面纹理背景对目标检测的影响。该研究提高了高分辨率遥感图像舰船目标的检测效率。     

基于FPGA的高光谱图像奇异值分解降维技术

为了解决高光谱图像维数高、数据量巨大、实时处理技术实现难的问题,提出了高光谱图像实时处理降维技术.采用奇异值分解(SVD)算法对高光谱图像进行降维,又在可编程门阵列(FPGA)芯片中针对这一算法划为自相关模块、特征求解模块、特征提取模块和降维实现模块4个模块进行编程实现、仿真和验证.仿真结果表明,高光谱图像降维后数据量为降维前的1/3,而降维后的分类像素点误差为0.2109%,证明了奇异值分解算法进行高光谱图像降维算法的有效性.     

基于二维压缩感知和分层特征的图像检索算法

为了保留图像分析时的像素点位置关系及降维处理,把一维压缩感知理论推广到二维,建立了二维可稀疏信号的压缩测量模型,研究了一种二维信号的自适应梯度下降重构AGDR(Adaptive Gradient Descent Recursion)算法,由此提出了一种图像分层特征提取与检索方法.首先对图像在RGB颜色空间上进行网格离散划分,通过分层算子对图像进行分层映射,定义一种基于颜色网格空间的扩展灰度共生矩阵,采用二维测量模型获取图像的分层测量特征、纹理特征与分层颜色统计特征,图像分层测量特征综合反映出图像的颜色及像素点位置的关系,扩展灰度共生矩阵反映纹理特征.其次用AGDR算法计算检索图像之间的原始信号差量及其稀疏值.最后结合两类分层特征差量、稀疏值和颜色统计特征,融合计算图像间整体相似度度量指标.仿真实验表明,应用分层二维压缩感知测量与AGDR算法的图像检索方法在检索时间、查全率和查准率等指标上具有优越性能,为图像检索提供了新思路.     

基于PCA-SIFT特征的目标识别算法

针对尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)算法在匹配时特征向量过多,从而导致耗时过长的问题,提出PCA-SIF]算法,对目标进行匹配与识别.首先,利用SIFT算法提取出原图像中稳健的特征点以及特征向量;其次,利用PCA算法对SIFT特征向量的维数进行约减;最后利用降维后的图像与原始图像进行匹配.实验证明,与原始SIFT算法相比,该算法不仅保持了SIFT算法的鲁棒性和稳定性,同时提高了匹配效率,增强了实时性.     

基于L1-范数的二维线性判别分析

为了避免图像数据向量化后的维数灾难问题,以及增强对野值(outliers)及噪声的鲁棒性,该文提出一种基于L1-范数的2维线性判别分析(L1-norm-based Two-Dimensional Linear Discriminant Analysis, 2DLDA-L1)降维方法。它充分利用L1-范数对野值及噪声的强鲁棒性,并且直接在图像矩阵上进行投影降维。该文还提出一种快速迭代优化算法,并给出了其单调收敛到局部最优的证明。在多个图像数据库上的实验验证了该方法的鲁棒性与高效性。     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

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正Communications—VLSI Researches and industries of telecommunications have been growing rapidly in the last 20 years and will keep their high growing pace in the next decade.The involved researches and developments cover mobile communications,highway and last-mile broadband communication,domain specific communications,and emerging D2D M2M communications.Radio communication steps into its