W波段回旋行波管放大器速度零散的分析

通过包含速度零散影响的回旋行波管放大器的非线性理论模型,以W波段两段结构回旋行波管放大器为例,详细分析了速度零散对放大器电子注—波互作用的影响.模拟结果表明,通过合理地调整互作用长度,减小电子横纵速度比、调节工作磁场等方法可以有效地减小速度零散的影响,对回旋行波管放大器的优化设计提供了理论依据.     

Ka波段三段损耗波导结构二次谐波回旋行波放大器的模拟与设计

研究了一种具有多段损耗波导结构的8ram二次谐波回旋行波放大器.通过稳定性分析,确定了放大器的工 作参数,并对其注.波互作用过程进行了详细的分析和讨论,完成了工作在35GHzTE02模二次谐波三段损耗波导结构回旋行波放大器的优化设计.非线性模拟结果表明,该互作用结构能有效地抑制寄生模式,在速度零散为3%的情况下,其峰值功率为125kW、增益为39dB、3dB带宽为4.3%.     

3mm回旋行波放大器单阳极磁控注入式电子枪的设计

该文根据3mm回旋行波放大器对电子枪的要求,完成了单阳极磁控注入式电子枪的设计。首先由绝热理论和角动量守恒关系式,求出了电子枪的初始设计参数,如阴极倾角、电子注发射表面宽度和阴-阳极间距离等;然后借助电子注轨迹分析程序EGUN,利用数值计算的方法得到了最终的电子注参数。结果显示:在电子注加速电压70kV,工作电流4.55A,电子注的横向与纵向速度比为1.0时,电子注的轴向速度零散为2.4%,能够满足回旋行波管放大器对电子注低速度零散的要求。     

高功率双级行波管放大器

本文提供了双级、高频率、高功率、8.76GHz行波管放大器的研制结果。本工作扩大了以前对单级放大器所报导的数据资料,并对两个同样的放大器彼此隔断串联工作特性提供了新的数据。在该器件整个脉冲持续时间内,获得410MW的峰值功率,电子束微波能的转换效率为45％。在所有的工作条件下,隔离放大器显示了微波辐射频谱边带现象结构。在单级器件中也出现类似现象,输出功率超过70MW。边带频率对中心频率不对称。最大的单频平均输出功率是210MW,相应效率为24％。本文也提供了模拟数据,它表明在本工作中采用短的放大器和常规低功率放大器的特性存在重大区别。其中包括有限长度对增益特性影响,这可以构成放大器的窄带宽和出现边带。也发现电子束的群聚长度是放大器总长度的一个重要部分。     

损耗介质加载结构Ka波段TE_(01)模回旋行波管放大器稳定性的分析

该文从分析损耗介质加载金属圆波导中电磁波传输特性出发,应用回旋行波管放大器小信号色散方程,研究损耗介质加载结构TE01模回旋行波管放大器绝对不稳定性振荡和回旋返波振荡对器件稳定性的影响.结果表明:损耗介质的加载,可以提高绝对不稳定性起振电流,提高的幅度依赖于工作磁场偏离饱和磁场的程度、电子束横纵速度比等;增加波导损耗介质加载的厚度,可以提高竞争模式的回旋返波起振长度.合理选择波导的损耗层厚度、介电常数以及回旋行波管的工作电压、工作磁场和电子束横纵速度比,可以有效兼顾带宽和抑制不稳定性,保证回旋行波管放大器稳定工作.     

220GHz高功率同轴谐振腔回旋管

介绍了220 GHz同轴腔回旋管的设计,工作模式为TE04圆电模式.采用自洽非线性理论对谐振腔的工作参数进行了参数优化,选取工作电压50 k V,工作电流10 A,工作磁场8.4 Tesla.设计的同轴型双阳极磁控注入式电子枪,电子注速度横纵比1.5,速度零散5.2%.并采用粒子模拟方法进行了整管仿真.理论计算与粒子模拟结果表明,设计的220 GHz同轴腔回旋管有望获得200 k W以上的输出功率与40%以上的互作用效率.     

X波段同轴多注相对论速调管放大器模拟研究

 设计了工作在X波段的同轴多注相对论速调管放大器,建立了带输入、输出波导结构的三维整管模型,采用三维电磁粒子模拟软件对其高频特性进行了优化设计,对电子束经过输入腔后的束流调制、注入微波吸收情况、中间腔对束流的调制以及输出腔的微波提取情况进行了模拟研究.在输入微波功率为70kW,电子束束压为600kV,束流为5kA,轴向引导磁感应强度为0.6T的条件下,输出微波功率达到了1.3GW,效率为43%,增益为42dB,在较低的输入微波功率和较小的轴向引导磁感应强度的情况下,模拟实现了X波段RKAGW级的微波功率输出.     

10 Gbit/s GaAs 跨阻前置放大器

GaAs基pHEMT工艺适合于制作10Gbit／s速率的高速前置放大器电路。完成了工作于10Gbit／s速率的跨阻前置放大器电路的器件设计、电路设计,电路采用了串联电感L技术,有效地提高了工作带宽。模拟工作带宽达到9．0GHz,跨阻增益达到58dBt2。电路采用0．2pmGaAs基pHEMT电子束直写T型栅工艺制作。对制作的电路进行了电测试,可工作于10Gbit／s的速率。     

浅谈CPI GEN IV 2003 KHPA的物理结构及维护方法

速调管是一种基于真空管电子技术的微波放大器,放大器的介质是受到磁场作用的电子束,当电子束通过第1个腔体时,受到输入信号所产生的可变电场加速或延迟,从而形成速度调制。在第5个腔体电子束被解调,信号得到放大输出,电子束的剩余能量被收集极接收。速调管功放的散热量很大,尤其在夏季高温、高湿的环境中极易产生高压器件故障,因此要做好     

损耗介质加载结构Ka波段TE01模回旋行波管放大器稳定性的分析

该文从分析损耗介质加载金属圆波导中电磁波传输特性出发,应用回旋行波管放大器小信号色散方程,研究损耗介质加载结构TE₀₁模回旋行波管放大器绝对不稳定性振荡和回旋返波振荡对器件稳定性的影响。结果表明：损耗介质的加载,可以提高绝对不稳定性起振电流,提高的幅度依赖于工作磁场偏离饱和磁场的程度、电子束横纵速度比等;增加波导损耗介质加载的厚度,可以提高竞争模式的回旋返波起振长度。合理选择波导的损耗层厚度、介电常数以及回旋行波管的工作电压、工作磁场和电子束横纵速度比,可以有效兼顾带宽和抑制不稳定性,保证回旋行波管放大器稳定工作。     

A High-Gain, 28GHz, 200kW Gyroklystron Amplifier

A design study of a high efficiency/gain gyroklystron amplifier is performed to demonstrate amplified radiation power of 200kW operating at 28GHz. A key design feature of the present gyroklystron amplifier is that the amplifier is designed to be high gain so that it can be saturated by a low power solid state power amplifier. A non-linear, time-dependent, large signal numerical code is used to predict tube performance. Simulations predict that a stable amplifier radiation power of 214kW is produced with a saturated gain of 54dB, an electronic efficiency of 37%, and a frequency bandwidth of 0.3% from a five-cavity gyroklystron amplifier. The amplifier gain is found to be very sensitive to a beam velocity spread.     

An Iron-Free Magnetron-Injection-Gun for a 28GHz, 200kW Gyroklystron Amplifier

A design study of a double-anode magnetron-injection-gun is performed to incorporate the electron gun into a high power 28GHz gyroklystron amplifier operating at 70kV and 8.2A. The electron gun is designed to be used in a tapered magnetic field in the cathode region produced from an iron-free superconducting magnet. An electron trajectory code predicts a beam axial velocity spread of 5.9% at α = 1.5, 70kV, 8.2A and 10.4kG, which is a high quality electron beam suitable for the high gain, high efficiency, five-cavity gyroklystron amplifier. The successful design of the high quality electron gun is attributed to a longer gap between the modulating anode and the grounded anode compared with the case of the first 28GHz electron gun built with an iron enclosed electromagnet.     

CMOS prototype image sensor with edge enhancement to compensate for blurring

Small signal analytical analysis and large signal numerical calculations are presented for a gyroklystron in which a low order (TE₀₁₁) mode in the bunching cavity is coupled by the electron beam to a high order (TE₀₄₁) mode in the output cavity. A drift region separates the two cavities. We demonstrate that the probunching of the beam before entering the output cavity not only enhances the interaction efficiency of the TE₀₄₁ mode but also improves the mode stability by suppressing the TE₂₄₁ mode. The gyroklystron may be operated either as an oscillator or as an amplifier by a small variation of the applied magnetic field. The effect of the beam velocity spread on the efficiency is also investigated. It is found that the operation of the gyroklystron is more sensitive to beam velocity spread than that of a gyromonotron. Optimum conditions for a cold beam are not necessarily those for a wam beam.     

Theory and simulation of an 85 GHz quasioptical gyroklystron experiment

The linear theory used to design a two-resonator 85 GHz quasioptical gyroklystron with a nonuniform magnetic field is presented. It is shown that a tapered magnetic field in the prebunching resonator has a relatively small effect on the electron bunching parameter. The effect of velocity spread of the electron beam can be minimized by adjusting the magnetic field strength in the two resonators. Measured amplifier performance is in good agreement with calculations from the nonlinear multimode simulation code. Gyrophase bunching of the electrons is preserved over the long drift region (30 radiation wavelengths) even though no attempt has been made to minimize the velocity spread of the beam.     

Analysis of a low magnetic field TE m11 gyroklystron amplifier†

Large- and small-signal numerical calculations are presented for a two-cavity, low magnetic field gyroklystron amplifier operating in the TE _m11 whispering-gallery mode. The gyroklystron system modelled consists of a bunching cavity and an output cavity separated by a drift tube. For operation of both cavities at TE₅₁₁, gain and emission efficiency are studied for a high energy (γ = 1·6), low axial velocity (β_Verbar; = 0·1) electron beam. Prebunching prior to the output cavity in the gyroklystron leads to an increase of the maximum efficiency by more than a factor of two over that obtained from operating the output cavity as an oscillator. Model calculations are presented which show that magnetic field tapering greatly reduces the effects of any initial axial velocity spread in the electron beam, allowing high gain (?40 dB) and high efficiency (25-30%) to be achieved.     

34GHzTE01模基波回旋速调管高频系统设计与实验

利用场匹配理论,建立了具有突变结构谐振腔的级联散射矩阵。通过数值计算,研究了具有突变结构谐振腔中各模式的反射相移随漂移段半径变化、工作模式的反射相移随腔体半径的变化、腔体中各模式的传播常数随腔体半径的变化、谐振腔的腔体长度和半径的关系,并完成了Ka波段TE01模回旋速调管的输入腔、群聚腔、输出腔的设计。同时给出了一支Ka波段TE01模四腔基波回旋速调管高频系统和整管的优化设计方案。PIC模拟表明：在中心频率34GHz,注电压70kV,注电流11A的情况下,获得了输出功率390kW,饱和增益42.9dB,电子效率50.6%,3dB输出带宽360MHz的结果。 通过样管的热测实验显示在34GHz,注电压70kV,注电流11A,获得了301kW的稳定输出脉冲峰值功率,41.8dB的增益,39.1%的效率,285MHz的3dB输出带宽。     

Calculation of the Electron Efficiency for a Two-Cavity Gyroklystron Amplifier by Using a Self-Consistent Code

The beam-wave interaction in a Ka-band, two-cavity fundamental gyroklystron amplifier is studied by using a self-consistent nonlinear simulation code. The electron efficiency for this gyroklystron amplifier is calculated, and the effect of various parameters, such as beam voltage, beam current, electron guiding center radius, velocity pitch ratio α and drift tube length on the electron efficiency is discussed in detail.     

Ka波段二次谐波回旋速调管放大器的PIC模拟

该文根据谐波回旋速调管放大器的注.波互作用特点,分析了放大器稳定工作的条件:对Ka波段二次谐波三腔回旋速调管放大器的注-波互作用进行了模拟计算,对放大器的注.波互作用电路参数进行了优化设计。模拟计算结果表明,在电子注电压为70kV,电子注电流15A,工作磁场为0.685T时,在35GHz频率放大器可以获得超过250kW的输出功率,大于21dB的增益,23%的效率和约为120MHz的带宽。计算结果为实际工程设计提供了有益的参考。     

8mm二次谐波回旋速调管放大器中电子注-波互作用的研究

应用粒子模拟软件对设计的二次谐波三腔回旋速调管放大器进行了数值模拟。分析讨论了二次谐波注-波互作用过程中电子群聚的物理图景和特点，并研究了电子注电流和归一化引导中心半径对电子注-波互作用效率的影响。模拟结果表明，本文设计的二次谐波三腔回旋速调管放大器在35GHz频率可获得约293kW的峰值输出功率和约28％的电子效率。     

Analysis and Numerical Calculations of the Beam-Wave Interaction for Gyroklystron Amplifiers

A four-cavity gyroklystron was designed and optimized after analysis and calculation of RF system and magnetron injection gun, numerical simulations showed that the TE₀₁₁ mode gyroklystron achieved 280kW peak output power, 38% efficiency, 35dB saturated gain with 250Mhz bandwidth centered at 34GHz for a 68 kV, 11A electron beam. The numerical simulation results were used to build a Ka band high power gyroklystron amplifier. In this paper, analysis and numerical calculation results of the beam-wave interaction are presented. The influences of electron beam, RF system parameters, magnetic field, and input RF signal on output power, efficiency, bandwidth and gain are discussed.