比值辐射计辐射响应特性

比辐射星上定标器以太阳照射的漫反射板为参考光源,通过比值辐射计对漫反射板在轨衰变进行修正,实现光学遥感器的绝对辐射 定标及长期稳定性监测。比值辐射计辐射响应特性是影响在轨定标精度的主要因素之一。对比值辐射计辐射响应特性进行了 评估,获取了绝对响应度,并测量了响应非线性、非稳定性。结果表明绝对辐射响应度定标合成不确定度优于2.88%,非线性 优于0.93%,非稳定性优于0.52%,满足在轨定标应用需求。     

基于极化有源定标器的高分三号SAR在轨测试分析

高分三号（GF-3）是我国第一部全极化星载合成孔径雷达,也是世界上最为先进的全极化星载合成孔径雷达之一,在轨测试和定标是其定量化和全极化应用的前提,卫星发射后,开展了为期三个月的在轨测试和定标.本文提出了一种新型全极化有源定标器设计方案,利用研制的新型全极化有源定标器获取的在轨测试数据,分析了SAR（Synthetic Aperture Radar）天线方向图、SAR发射脉冲特性以及SAR发射天线极化隔离度等指标,分析结果表明,高分三号SAR具有良好的性能指标.根据全极化成像结果对极化有源定标器指标进行了验证,验证结果表明,有源定标器可以提供不同的散射矩阵且具有良好的点目标特性和极化隔离度指标.     

太阳辐射计实验室定标方法

太阳辐射计是全球AERONET站点最重要的观测设备,为获取全球气溶胶时空分布提供了大量的观测数据。研究一种直接溯源于低温绝对辐射计的高精度定标方法,可以在实验室环境条件下获得太阳辐射计的直射通道和天空漫射通道的定标系数,详细介绍了太阳辐射计实验室定标原理、实验装置,在太阳辐射计的主要工作波段扫描获得绝对光谱响应度定标曲线,并对测量结果进行了不确定度分析。结果表明,天空漫射通道的定标不确定度低于0.8%,太阳直射通道的定标不确定度低于2.06%。     

多角度偏振辐射计星上定标光源

多角度偏振辐射计是一种对地观测的辐射偏振测量仪器.仪器提供的多波段、多角度、全偏振信息主要用于环境大气监测、气候变迁研究、大气科学研究、地球辐射收支平衡研究和遥感数据高精度大气校正,为确定气溶胶对气候的驱动作用和区域大气气溶胶状态及其变化提供高精度数据.针对这一需求,提出了多角度偏振辐射计星上定标器的设计方案.首先介绍了多角度偏振辐射计的研制背景、星上定标技术的产生原因以及国外星上定标器的设计方案.重点阐述了多角度偏振辐射计星上定标器的设计,包括光学设计、机械设计和电路设计,解释说明了各部分的功能和作用以及相关参数.最后对提高星上定标精度提出了几点建议.     

星上定标用分谱比辐射计的辐射探测性能研究

采用比辐射计进行比对测量是监测光学遥感仪器星上定标光源载体漫射板反射性能在轨变化的有效手段。用于海洋水色遥感的新一代星载成像光谱仪必须设计成以太阳作光源的在轨绝对辐射定标系统,才能满足定量化产品反演的使用要求。国外星上定标器的漫反射板长期跟踪测量结果表明,漫射板的反射性能一直在发生变化,且波长越短变化越大,而海洋水色遥感要素的探测恰恰集中在靠近紫外的波长区域。针对这个问题,设计了分谱比辐射计,并对其辐射探测性能进行了理论分析与实验测量。结果表明,在整个动态测量范围内线性相关系数优于0.9991,在轨输入能量条件下的分谱信噪比在整个使用波长范围内优于100,可以满足成像光谱仪星上定标源反射特性标定的精度要求。     

风云二号B星星载扫描辐射计水汽通道定标方法

FY-2B静止气象卫里扫描辐射计水汽通道发射前定标在实验室真空罐内进行．发射在轨后,可以利用里上黑体监视探测器性能变化,但由于呈上黑体光路与目标光路不同,无法进行水汽通道的在轨全光路定标．介绍了FY-2B水汽通道的发射前定标、利用在轨电定标确定量化关系进行的定标处理以及与NOAA-17卫里HIRS／3通道12的相对定标方法．     

FY-2多通道扫描辐射计的可见光外场定标

可见光定标是FY-2气象卫星多通道扫描辐射计研制的关键技术之一,发射前的精确定标是气象资料定量化和数字化应用的主要依据.基于Beer定理,详细说明定标的原理,摸索出一套适合于FY-2扫多通道描辐射计的可见光外场定标方法,建立起定标的规范程序,并对误差来源进行了分类和分析.通过在昆明的多次外场试验,获取了良好的定标结果,验证了这一方法的正确可行.     

FY—2B气象卫星红外通道发射前实验室定标与在轨辐射定标比较

FY－2B是自旋稳定卫星，红外通道无法进行在轨星上绝对定标，FY－2B发射前的地面实验室定标方案参照了FY－2A在轨环境温度的变化情况，定标结果十分理想，在轨电子学定标数据修正红外通道的量化关系，得到的在轨定标结果与利用青海湖进行的同步场地辐射定标结果非常接近。     

HJ-1B卫星热红外通道在轨场地定标与验证

在对热红外辐射计CE312定标的基础上,基于青海湖水面辐射校正场,采用CE312开展同步测量实验,对HJ-1B卫星热红外通道进行在轨绝对辐射定标。由于HJ-1B卫星在轨星上定标系统不稳定,高温点难以准确获取,因此分别使用单点法和两点法,对2010年8月1日和5日两组传感器入瞳等效辐亮度值和卫星通道计数值回归得到该卫星通道绝对定标系数,并使用内蒙达里湖水面辐射校正场2010年6月29日实测数据进行定标系数的验证工作。验证结果表明,青海湖场地两次定标系数有较好的一致性,定标结果稳定可信。两点法所得定标系数的精度高于单点法。     

风云四号A星干涉式大气垂直探测仪在轨定标及性能评价

干涉式大气垂直探测仪(GIIRS)是风云四号A星(FY-4A)的三大主载荷之一,其主要功能是实现大气温度和湿度参数的垂直结构观测.为了满足卫星数据定量化应用的要求,FY-4A星成功发射之后,围绕GIIRS开展了一系列的在轨定标和性能评价工作.评价结果表明:除部分通道受到有机挥发物的影响,85%的通道灵敏度优于设计指标;利用大气辐射传输模式,通过比较观测光谱与模拟光谱的均方根误差来确定激光有效采样频率,实现了GIIRS在轨光谱定标,精度达到10 ppm;利用星上面源黑体,考虑到非理想干涉图的相位影响,采用改进后的两点式外黑体定标法,实现了星上在轨辐射定标,长波和中波的平均亮温偏差均小于1 K,优于设计指标.     

Performance of M-QAM modulations for indoor radio communications with combined diversity and equalization techniques

Digital indoor radio communications systems have become an attractive proposal as they could provide the user high quality voice and low rate data services with total mobility. However, indoor communications are affected by multipath propagation that restricts their application imposing an upper limit on the system data rate. To overcome this drawback diversity and channel equalization could be considered. In this paper the performances of 4, 16 and 64-QAM modulations in a radio communications indoor environment are presented. The results show that a system without protection has very limited performance. Diversity techniques are efficient when the radio channel can be assumed to be non-selective. For systems operating in selective fading channels joint equalization and diversity techniques are necessary to fight the degrading effect introduced by the channel. Moreover, if correlation between the two diversity channels is taken into account, the system performances remain almost unchanged, assuming that the correlation coefficient between the two diversity branches is lower than 0.6 to 0.7 approximately.     

Generation of wavelength-switched optical pulse from a fiber ringlaser with an F-P semiconductor modulator and a HiBi fiber loop mirror

A simple configuration to perform wavelength switching in an actively mode-locked fiber ring laser is demonstrated. A Fabry-Perot laser diode was used as a modulator and a HiBi fiber loop mirror was used as a periodic multichannel wavelength filter in the cavity. By setting the channel spacing of nm can be achieved by tuning the fiber loop mirror filter. In the wavelength-switched process, the modulation frequency was not required to be changed     

基于导频的发射分集OFDM系统的子空间跟踪信道估计

由于发射分集技术可以大大提高系统的抗衰落性能,因此得到了广泛的研究和应用。该文提出了3种基于导频的发射分集正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的子空间幅度跟踪信道估计方法,并分析比较了其估计性能。利用信道传播时延慢变和衰落幅度快变的特点,通过对多径信道的时延子空间和衰落幅度的跟踪,可以部分消除信道估计过程中噪声的影响,大大提高信道估计精度。在信道阶数已知或使用相同秩估计方法的情况下,第3种方法的运算复杂度最低, 性能最好;第1种方法次之,性能最差;第2种方法由于需要进行DFT和IDFT,运算复杂度最高。仿真结果表明,3种子空间幅度跟踪信道估计方法在410-3 误码率时可以提高系统误码率性能1～2 dB左右。     

导光镜镜面温度场的模拟分析

为降低导光镜镜面热变形，采用有限体积法求解三维湍流传热方程，获得了镜面激光辐照区的温度场。文中主要讨论了激光功率、辐照时间、冷却液流速、镜体材料、流道与镜面距离等因素对镜面温度场的影响，并以辐照区平均温度和标准温度偏差作为主要指标进行冷却效果评价。结果表明，激光功率越大，各个方向上的温度越大；激光辐照发生的初始阶段温升增加较快，后期趋于平缓；流速越大，平均温度越低，标准温度偏差越小；镜体材料的性质对温度场也有不同影响；流道与镜面距离对铜镜的温度场影响不大。     

Measurement Data-Based Link-Level and System-Level Simulations for Single Carrier SC/MMSE MIMO Turbo Equalization Technique

Current advances in multi-dimensional channel sounding techniques make it possible to evaluate performances of signal processing algorithms in realistic conditions. By using channel impulse response measurement data collected in the real fields, link-level performances of signal transmission techniques in the fields such as bit error rate (BER) and frame error rate (FER) performances can be evaluated. This technique is called link-level simulation. Through statistical analysis of link-level simulation results, system-level performances of the techniques such as geographical distribution of BER and FER in the area of interest can also be evaluated. This technique is called system-level simulation. This paper focuses on link- and system-level performances of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Turbo Equalizer in real fields. Methodologies for the link- and system-level simulations using field measurement data are first presented. Results of link- and system-level simulations using two-dimensional channel sounding field measurement data collected in Tokyo are then presented. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

一个用于GPRS网络性能估计的马尔可夫模型

建立了一个二维连续时间的马尔可夫链,该模型描述了GPRS业务和语音业务在一定的动态信道分配方案下对有限信道资源的共享。采用一种近似求解方法求得该马尔可夫链的稳态解,通过数值计算可以估计出GSM/GPRS网络的一些主要性能,如:呼叫阻塞率、数据平均传输速率、信道利用率等。为了验证该模型的有效性,将数值分析的结果与仿真结果进行了比较。     

Performance of current mirror with high-k gate dielectrics

This work compares the performance of the basic current mirror topology by using two different materials for gate dielectrics, the conventional SiON and an Hf-based high-k dielectrics. The impact of gate leakage and of channel length modulation on the basic current mirror operation is described. It is shown that in the case of SiON gate dielectrics with an equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of 1.4 nm, it is not possible to find a value for the channel length which allows a good trade-off to be obtained while minimizing the gate leakage and reducing the channel length modulation. On the other hand, the study demonstrates that in the case of HfSiON gate dielectrics with similar EOT, appropriate L values can be found obtaining very high output impedance current sources with reduced power consumption owing to low leakage and most of all with better parameter predictability.     

大尺寸轻型碳化硅反射镜的凝胶注模成型

利用凝胶注模（Gel-casting）成型技术制备碳化硅反射镜坯体,可以一次性地制备出较大尺寸、复杂结构的碳化硅镜坯,并使镜坯完成轻量化,较大程度地减少镜坯的机械加工难度。制备的碳化硅坯体内部组织均匀、表面平整、不产生裂纹,整体机械性能较强,并具有较好的反应烧结性能。本技术的浆料固相体积分数控制为66%,镜体收缩率〈1.28%,是一种制备大尺寸碳化硅反射镜镜体的良好工艺方法。     

Two-channel tunable laser diode based on photonic crystals

We report the development of a tunable laser diode array monolithically integrated with a Y-coupler structure based on photonic crystals. The laser diodes consist of two longitudinally coupled photonic crystal waveguide segments that are separated by a photonic crystal mirror section. Quasicontinuous tuning is achieved in a 30.6-nm window with 100-GHz channel spacing as typically required by wavelength-division-multiplexing applications. The sources can be operated independently allowing the simultaneous transmission of two freely selectable wavelengths.     

Calibration of wide-band polarimetric measurement system usingthree perfectly polarization-isolated calibrators

An improved calibration method for a wideband polarimetric measurement system using three partly unknown, perfectly polarization-isolated calibrators is presented, with experimental results measured from 7 to 17 GHz. The cross-polarized information is provided by rotating the third calibrator to an arbitrary angle with respect to the radar range direction. Only the copolarization terms in the polarimetric scattering matrix (PSM) of the first calibrator are required to be specified. The copolarized scattering properties, including the range information of the other two calibrators and the rotation angle of the third calibrator, can be acquired in the calibration process and used to verify the calibration accuracy