基对称扩展信道极化算法及其在OFDM水声通信系统中的应用

针对水声通信系统中低密度校验 (Low Density Parity Check, LDPC) 码存在的译码复杂度高和译码错误平层问题,设计了基于极化码编码的水声通信系统,并针对水声信道的极化问题提出了新的基对称扩展极化权重 (Polarization Weight, PW)信道极化法。该算法通过PW高阶基计算各个子信道的极化权重,实现了独立于信道状态的信道极化,解决了传统Polar码编码稳健性差和依赖信道状态的问题。理论研究和仿真结果表明,与传统信道极化方法相比,改进的PW方法具有更稳定的信道极化结果。将该方法应用于正交频分复用 (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM) 水声通信系统中,与现有的LDPC编码方法相比,基于改进的PW极化码具有更低的通信误码率和译码复杂度,且不存在译码错误平层。      

结合6-QAM和双层LDPC码的编码调制研究

针对阶数为3×2p的非标准调制与纠错编码难以匹配的问题,提出了一种面向6阶正交幅度调制（QAM）的双层编码调制传输方案。在发送端,采用有限域GF(2)低密度奇偶校验（LDPC）码与GF(3) LDPC码进行分层编码,并将两种编码码字映射为6进制码字后进行6-QAM调制;在接收端,根据GF(2) LDPC码和GF(3) LDPC码的译码顺序,设计了两种双层迭代译码方法。仿真结果表明,在加性高斯白噪声（AWGN）信道下,执行一次整体迭代译码时,先执行GF(3) LDPC码译码的6-QAM分层编码调制方案比先执行GF(2) LDPC码译码的方案获得了更优的误符号率（SER）性能;随着迭代次数增加,纠错性能可获得进一步改善。比较6-QAM与6阶相移键控（6-PSK）调制,若先执行GF(3) LDPC码译码,当SER为10-5时,6-QAM结合双层LDPC码的传输方案在AWGN信道下可获得约1.3dB的增益。      

LDPC码在深空通信中的应用技术研究

研究了深空通信中的实时数据传输技术,在分析StiMi标准提出的LDPC码校验矩阵的构造方法以及编码算法的基础上,介绍了LDPC码的构造以及译码算法。在AWGN信道环境下,分析和仿真验证了译码性能,结果显示,使用LDPC码,改进了数据传输的性能。分析了I。DPC码在我国将来深空通信中的应用前景。     

卷积LDPC码在瑞利信道下的性能分析

本文研究了卷积LDPC码在瑞利衰落信道下的译码性能,给出了瑞利信道下,卷积LDPC码的译码算法,在同等条件下对比了卷积LDPC码在高斯信道和瑞利衰落信道下的译码性能。     

突发信道下多进制LDPC码的性能研究

给出一种新的Q LDPC码(多进制LDPC码)译码简化算法,比较了在突发噪声信道以及衰落信道下,高码率(码率不低于8/9),短帧(帧长小于5 000 b)情况下Q LDPC码与RS码的纠错性能,并分析了其译码复杂度。仿真结果表明,改进后的Q LDPC码具有很好的抗突发和抗衰落性能,在突发噪声长度高达144 b的情况下,在误帧率为10-4的水平下,Q LDPC码的编码增益超出RS码2.7 dB,而在瑞利衰落信道下,则要比RS码多出9 dB的编码增益。这对于Q LDPC码应用具有重要的实际意义。     

基于符号的LDPC码在OFDM水声通信仿真

低密度奇偶校验码(LDPC)具有结构简单、编码增益高、在高斯信道下接近香农限的性能和可并行译码等特点,是当前通信领域研究的热点。水下有限带宽、多径时变和高噪声等特点的信道使信号在传输时,产生的突发和随机错误使系统误码率较高,通信质量难以保证。提出基于符号的LDPC码的OFDM水声通信系统,利用基于符号的迭代编译码算法可有效纠正突发和随机错误,且与高阶调制结合可以提高水下有限频谱利用率。仿真结果表明:基于符号的LDPC码相比传统主流的Turbo码和卷积码,能以更低信噪比达到正交频分复用水声通信系统误码率的要求。     

GF(2p)LDPC编码的相位调制OFDM系统在瑞利衰落信道的性能

OFDM是一项能有效对抗高速无线通信中多径衰落的关键技术，为了进一步提高OFDM系统的误码性能，许多信道编码技术已被应用于OFDM系统中，二元域LDPC码以其近香农限的误码性能和较低的译码复杂度成为研究的热点。在AWGN信道下，多元域LDPC码比等效码长的二元域LDPC码有更好的纠错性能。本文提出了一种将多元域LDPC码经过MPSK调制后用于OFDM系统的新方法。仿真结果表明，在多径衰落信道下，通过合理选择多元LDPC码域的阶数和调制的方法，多元域LDPC编码的高阶调制OFDM系统比等效码长的二元域LDPC编码OFDM系统具有更好的性能，并且由于采用了多元域LDPC的快速BP译码，译码复杂度只是稍有增加。     

基于LDPC乘积码的BICM-ID方案性能分析

提出一种采用LDPC乘积码和BICM-ID相结合的编码调制技术.该方案编码采用LDPC乘积码,译码可以采取三个迭代过程:在解调器和译码器之间迭代,LDPC乘积码的分量码之间迭代,以及分量码内部迭代.因此采取合理的迭代译码策略,可以提高的译码效率.仿真结果显示,该方案在AWGN信道和Rayleigh信道条件下,与数字电视地面多媒体广播DTMB采用的编码调制方案相比具有更好的误比特性能.     

基于原型图的QC LDPC码构造研究

本文提出了基于原型图的准循环LDPC(Low-Density Parity-Check)码代数构造方法。在该构造方法中提出了θ和Dumbbell两类子图的概念,通过对原型图做复制-变换操作,得到大girth的LDPC码。仿真结果表明,采用和积译码算法对构造出的LDPC码进行译码,在AWGN信道下相比于2/3卷积码来说可以取得明显的编码增益。     

一种高性能全分集LDPC码的构造方法

块衰落信道上全分集LDPC的构造与性能分析成为近期研究的热点。ML译码算法下全分集LDPC码可以通过设计列满秩的校验子矩阵来实现。然而,基于ML准则的全分集码字,采用迭代译码算法时,不能保证全分集。因此,该文通过设计特定结构的校验矩阵,实现了在迭代译码算法下能取得全分集的LDPC码,分析了其密度演化过程。 在此基础上,进一步研究了全分集LDPC码字结构与性能的关系,提出了提高全分集LDPC码编码增益的方法。仿真结果表明,该文构造的LDPC码不仅能够取得全分集,并且具有较高的编码增益。     

Iterative Carrier Frequency Offset and Channel Estimation for Underwater Acoustic OFDM Systems

This paper presents a practical low-density paritycheck (LDPC) coded OFDM system designed for the underwater acoustic channel with its attendant sparse multipath channel and Doppler effects. The carrier frequency offset (CFO) and channel state information (CSI) are assumed unavailable to both to the transmitter and the receiver. Several different receiver structures are considered, all of which perform CFO/channel estimation, detection and decoding in an iterative manner. The convergence behavior of the iterative receivers and their asymptotic performance are evaluated using the extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) chart method. OFDM receiver performance is further evaluated through simulations and field tests in shallow water.     

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF CHANNEL ESTIMATION FOR LDPC-CODED OFDM SYSTEM IN MULTIPATH FADING CHANNEL

In this paper, the channel estimation techniques for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing （OFDM） systems based on pilot arrangement are studied and we apply Low Density Parity Check （LDPC） codes to the system of IEEE 802.16a with OFDM modulation. First investigated is the influence of channel cstimation schemes on LDPC-code based OFDM system in static and multipath fading channels. According to the different propagation environments in 802.16a system, a dynamic channel estimation scheme is proposed. A good irregular LDPC code is designed with code rate of 1/2 and code length of 1200. Simulation results show that the performance of LDPC coded OFDM system proposed in this paper is better than that of the convolution Turbo coded OFDM system proposed in IEEE standard 802.16a.     

被动时反镜在水声通信中的应用研究

被动时反镜（PTRM）技术具有时间压缩性能,在水下通信中,PTRM技术能实现多径信号的重组,既实现了多径信号能量的聚焦,又抑制了码间干扰。将PTRM技术应用于多径扩展严重的浅水水声通信系统中,在对声信道没有任何先验知识的情况下与声信道自动匹配,实现自适应聚焦。仿真结果表明：PTRM可以良好地重组多径扩展,拟制码间干扰,减小误码率,提高通信质量。     

地空通信调制解调关键技术分析

针对地空通信中的多径时延展宽引起的严重的码间干扰和信道时变以及多谱勒频移等问题,介绍了调制解调中的关键技术,分析了自适应均衡技术和LDPC编码原理,提出了均衡器-解调器联合设计结构和LDPC编解码实现方法,给出了均衡器–解调器联合设计的解调器仿真结果以及采用LDPC的解调器误码曲线。该2项技术对通信的质量和系统的传输可靠性有明显的改善。     

Novel Construction and Optimization of LDPC Codes for NC-OFDM Cognitive Radio Systems

In this paper, a random Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) code is proposed for Noncontiguous Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (NC-OFDM) Cognitive Radio (CR) systems. Unlike other encoding schemes which achieve a system code rate of only 1/4 when half of the subcarriers are active, the proposed scheme achieves a system code rate of 1/2. The LDPC code is used to enhance the data transmission rate. A new channel model comprised of a binary erasure channel concatenated with an uncorrelated fading channel and an AWGN channel is adopted for NC-OFDM CR systems. Moreover, the adopted channel model is employed with density evolution algorithm to obtain good degree distribution pairs for the LDPC code. Thereafter, a modified shortest-path algorithm is used to construct the parity-check matrix for the LDPC code. Simulation results show that the proposed LDPC code performs well in terms of both error rate and data transmission rate.     

Surrogate-channel design of universal LDPC codes

A universal code is a code that may be used across a number of different channel types or conditions with little degradation relative to a good single-channel code. The explicit design of universal codes, which simultaneously seeks to solve a multitude of optimization problems, is a daunting task. This letter shows that a single channel may be used as a surrogate for an entire set of channels to produce good universal LDPC codes. This result suggests that sometimes a channel for which LDPC code design is simple may be used as a surrogate for a channel for which LDPC code design is complex. We explore here the universality of LDPC codes over the BEC, AWGN, and flat Rayleigh fading channels in terms of decoding threshold performance. Using excess mutual information as a performance metric, we present design results which support the contention that an LDPC code designed for a single channel can be universally good across the three channels.     

LS码在水声扩频中的应用及估计

水声多径干扰限制了水声直接扩频通信系统的进一步应用,选取性能更好的扩频序列可以提高水声扩频系统的抗干扰性能。在讨论了LS码特性的基础上,提出了将LS码应用于水声直接扩频通信中,并分析了LS码应用的优势。通过多径瑞利水声信道模型仿真,验证了LS码水声扩频通信的良好性能。利用了二次谱和奇异值分解的方法对LS码水声直扩信号的扩频序列进行了估计。仿真结果表明,该方法在信噪比为-11dB时还能准确的估计出LS码。     

Time-Domain Block and Per-Tone Equalization for MIMO–OFDM in Shallow Underwater Acoustic Communication

Shallow underwater acoustic (UWA) channel exhibits rapid temporal variations, extensive multipath spreads, and severe frequency-dependent attenuations. So, high data rate communication with high spectral efficiency in this challenging medium requires efficient system design. Multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO–OFDM) is a promising solution for reliable transmission over highly dispersive channels. In this paper, we study the equalization of shallow UWA channels when a MIMO–OFDM transmission scheme is used. We address simultaneously the long multipath spread and rapid temporal variations of the channel. These features lead to interblock interference (IBI) along with intercarrier interference (ICI), thereby degrading the system performance. We describe the underwater channel using a general basis expansion model (BEM), and propose time-domain block equalization techniques to jointly eliminate the IBI and ICI. The block equalizers are derived based on minimum mean-square error and zero-forcing criteria. We also develop a novel approach to design two time-domain per-tone equalizers, which minimize bit error rate or mean-square error in each subcarrier. We simulate a typical shallow UWA channel to demonstrate the desirable performance of the proposed equalization techniques in Rayleigh and Rician fading channels.     

一种超高速移动图像传输系统的研究与仿真

针对超高速移动场景下进行图像传输的应用需求,提出了一种适用于多普勒多径信道条件的宽带无线传输系统。分析了低空航行信道模型的特点,基于时域同步正交频分复用(TDS-OFDM)技术,合理设计帧结构,采用低码率的短低密度奇偶校验(LDPC)码进行信道编码并使用正交相移键控(QPSK)调制,结合信息辅助抗多普勒频移(IAADO)方法,并对双伪随机噪声(PN)帧结构的信道估计与均衡策略进行理论推导与改进,设计出能够适应多普勒多径信道条件的基带传输系统。在计算机仿真中,本文提出的信道估计改进算法获得了0.1 dB的性能增益,该传输系统在带有1 kHz多普勒、莱斯因子为10 dB的6径信道下,利用10 MHz带宽传输3 Mbps的速率,在信噪比为-1.1 dB时达到10-4以下的误比特率,能够满足超高速移动场景下图像或者视频的传输需求。