不同过渡热沉封装微盘腔半导体激光器热分析

为了降低微盘腔半导体激光器工作时有源区的温度,提升封装的可靠性,基于Ansys Workbench有限元分析分别对AlN,WCu10,SiC,石墨烯,以及CVD金刚石过渡热沉封装的蜗线型微盘腔半导体激光器进行了热特性分析,得到了器件工作时的温度分布以及热应力、热应变分布.结果显示,SiC封装器件的有源区温度较AlN和WCu10封装器件分别降低了 2.18,3.078 C,并在五种过渡热沉封装器件中表现出最低的热应力,器件热应变最小.SiC过渡热沉封装可以有效降低微盘腔半导体激光器工作时的有源区温度,同时减少封装应力与器件应变,从而提高器件的散热能力和可靠性.计算结果对半导体激光器单管散热及阵列集成散热均有指导意义.     

一种高功率LED封装的热分析

建立了大功率发光二极管(LED)器件的一种封装结构并利用有限元分析软件对其进行了热分析,比较了采用不同材料作为LED芯片热沉的散热性能.最后分析了LED芯片采用chip-on-board技术封装在新型高热导率复合材料散热板上的散热性能.     

大功率LED封装有限元热分析

介绍了有限元软件在大功率LED封装热分析中的应用,对一种多层陶瓷金属(MLCMP)封装结构的LED进行了热模拟分析,比较了不同热沉材料的散热性能,模拟了输入功率以及强制空气冷却条件对芯片温度的影响.结果表明当达到热稳态平衡时,芯片上的温度最高,透镜顶部表面的温度最低,当输入功率达到3 W时,芯片温度超过了150℃,强制空冷能显著改善器件的散热性能.     

基于共晶焊接工艺和板上封装技术的大功率LED热特性分析

采用ANSYS有限元热分析软件,模拟了基于共晶焊接工艺和板上封装技术的大功率LED器件,并对比分析了COB封装器件与传统分立器件、共晶焊工艺与固晶胶粘接工艺的散热性能。结果表明:采用COB封装结构和共晶焊接工艺能获得更低热阻的LED灯具;芯片温度随芯片间距的减小而增大;固晶层厚度增大,芯片温度增大,而最大热应力减小。同时采用COB封装方式和共晶焊接工艺,并优化芯片间距和固晶层厚度,能有效改善大功率LED的热特性。     

基于埋置式基板的3D-MCM封装结构的研制

研制一种用于无线传感网的多芯片组件(3D-MCM).采用层压、开槽等工艺获得埋置式高密度多层有机(FR-4)基板,通过板上芯片(COB)、板上倒装芯片(FCOB)、球栅阵列(BGA)等技术,并通过引线键合、倒装焊等多种互连方式将不同类型的半导体芯片三维封装于一种由叠层模块所形成的立体封装结构中;通过封装表层的植球工艺形成与表面组装技术(SMT)兼容的BGA器件输出端子;利用不同熔点焊球实现了工艺兼容的封装体内各级BGA的垂直互连,形成r融合多种互连方式3D-MCM封装结构.埋置式基板的应用解决了BGA与引线键合芯片同面组装情况下芯片封装面高出焊球高度的关键问题.对封装结构的散热特性进行了数值模拟和测试,结果表明组件具有高的热机械可靠性.电学测试结果表明组件实现了电功能,从而满足了无线传感网小型化、高可靠性和低成本的设计要求.     

大功率LED低热阻封装技术进展

散热是大功率LED封装的关键技术之一,散热不良将严重影响LED器件的出光效率、亮度和可靠性。影响LED器件散热的因素很多,包括芯片结构、封装材料(热界面材料和散热基板)、封装结构与工艺等。文章具体分析了影响大功率LED热阻的各个因素,指出LED散热是一个系统概念,需要综合考虑各个环节的热阻,单纯降低某一热阻无法有效解决LED的散热难题。文中还对国内外降低LED热阻的最新技术进行了介绍。     

电子封装热应力失效分析新方法

电子设备的封装结构多采用层状排布,封装方式多采用焊接工艺,因此封装体中的电子元件失效形式大多是由于各层封装材料热膨胀性能不匹配,导致开、断开关时焊接点脱落或开裂,进而导致硅芯片工作热量不能通过散热基板扩散至电子设备之外,芯片因工作温度过高而失效。运用ANSYS热分析软件对电子封装结构进行热应力分析发现,温度变化对焊料的脱落、开裂造成显著影响。根据热分析结果,提出有关焊料厚度及封装材料性能的改进意见,这样既节约实验成本,又能有效缩短研究电子封装可靠性及电子设备使用寿命的时间。     

大功率集成封装白光LED模组的散热研究

采用有限元分析软件ANSYS,分别对基于均温基板和金属芯印刷电路板结合太阳花散热器的100 W的大功率集成封装白光LED进行了热分析。结果发现:(1)相比金属芯印刷电路板,均温基板提高了LED芯片的均温性,可使每个LED芯片的温度分布一致,且每个芯片的最高温度比最低温度仅高1.1℃,避免了局部热点,从而提高了大功率集成封装白光LED的可靠性,保证了它的寿命。(2)太阳花散热器非常适合大功率集成封装白光LED模组的散热。因此对于大功率集成封装白光LED模组而言,均温基板结合太阳花散热器是一种有效的散热方式。     

用小型散热器对DirectFET封装功率MOSFET进行双面散热

本文探讨了可以用于生产厂封装的器件的各种热管理方案,并且引用了国际整流器公司的测试数据,来评估使用小型散热器改善这些器件散热性能的优点,并研究了在进行通电循环的情况下,在器件上直接安装散热器对器件可靠性的影响。     

基于埋置式基板的3D-MCM封装结构的研制

研制一种用于无线传感网的多芯片组件（3D-MCM) . 采用层压、开槽等工艺获得埋置式高密度多层有机（FR-4）基板，通过板上芯片（COB) 、板上倒装芯片（FCOB) 、球栅阵列（BGA）等技术，并通过引线键合、倒装焊等多种互连方式将不同类型的半导体芯片三维封装于一种由叠层模块所形成的立体封装结构中；通过封装表层的植球工艺形成与表面组装技术（SMT）兼容的BGA器件输出端子；利用不同熔点焊球实现了工艺兼容的封装体内各级BGA的垂直互连，形成了融合多种互连方式3D-MCM封装结构. 埋置式基板的应用解决了BGA与引线键合芯片同面组装情况下芯片封装面高出焊球高度的关键问题. 对封装结构的散热特性进行了数值模拟和测试，结果表明组件具有高的热机械可靠性. 电学测试结果表明组件实现了电功能，从而满足了无线传感网小型化、高可靠性和低成本的设计要求.     

压接型IGBT器件单芯片子模组功率循环试验仿真

压接型绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBT)器件因具有双面散热、短路失效和易于串联等优点,正逐步应用到柔性直流输电等领域.但其在工作过程中的热学、力学特性与传统焊接式IGBT模块相比有很大差异,故存在不同的长期可靠性问题.基于有限元法建立了压接型IGBT器件单芯片子模组多物理场耦合仿真模型,研究了三种功率循环仿真条件下器件的热学和力学特性,并且在功率循环过程中利用金属弹塑性模型来模拟材料的瞬态特性.仿真结果表明,IGBT芯片发射极表面与发射极钼片相接触的边缘是应力集中区域,芯片发射极表面栅极缺口和四周边角处有明显的塑性变形.同时,将仿真结果与实际失效的IGBT芯片进行了对比,进一步验证了仿真模型的有效性和适用性.     

基于COB技术的LED散热性能分析

当前,散热问题已成为影响LED寿命、光效、光衰和色温等技术参数的重要因素。文章在综合分析散热技术和LED封装对散热性能影响的基础上,利用COB(板上芯片)封装技术,将LED芯片直接封装在铝基板上,研制成了一种基于COB封装技术的LED。与SMD封装LED进行比较,分析了其散热性能。分析结果表明:基于COB封装技术的LED减少了LED器件的结构热阻和接触热阻,使其具有良好的散热性能。     

Comparing the Impacts of the Capillary and the Molded Underfill Process on the Reliability of the Flip-Chip BGA

In the assembly process for the conventional capillary underfill (CUF) flip-chip ball grid array (FCBGA) packaging the underfill dispensing creates bottleneck. The material property of the underfill, the dispensing pattern and the curing profile all have a significant impact on the flip-chip packaging reliability. Due to the demand for high performance in the CPU, graphics and communication market, the large die size with more integrated functions using the low-K chip must meet the reliability criteria and the high thermal dissipation. In addition, the coplanarity of the flip-chip package has become a major challenge for large die packaging. This work investigates the impact of the CUF and the novel molded underfill (MUF) processes on solder bumps, low-K chip and solder ball stress, packaging coplanarity and reliability. Compared to the conventional CUF FCBGA, the proposed MUF FCBGA packaging provides superior solder bump protection, packaging coplanarity and reliability. This strong solder bump protection and high packaging reliability is due to the low coefficient of thermal expansion and high modulus of the molding compound. According to the simulation results, the maximum stress of the solder bumps, chip and packaging coplanarity of the MUF FCBGA shows a remarkable improvement over the CUF FCBGA, by 58.3%, 8.4%, and 41.8% (66 $mu {rm m}$), respectively. The results of the present study indicates that the MUF packaging is adequate for large die sizes and large packaging sizes, especially for the low-K chip and all kinds of solder bump compositions such as eutectic tin-lead, high lead, and lead free bumps.      

Transition of MCM-C applications to MCM-L using rigid flex substrates

Rigid flex circuits have historically been used in military and high-end performance electronic packaging to improve reliability, reduce weight and save space. This type of interconnect offers higher reliability and a tighter form factor when compared to more conventional interconnect techniques. Improvements in printed circuit fabrication processes and laminate materials have made possible unique opportunities for high density rigid flex circuitry. Recently MCM-L or laminate based multi chip modules have been gaining in popularity as a lower cost packaging alternative to traditional MCM-C or ceramic substrate based multi chip modules. This paper describes the steps taken to redesign existing modules from MCM-C technology to MCM-L(F). Several actual products that have been redesigned from ceramic substrate technology to laminate based packaging using rigid flex as the enabling technology are shown. Data is presented on thermal dissipation, mechanical reliability, electrical performance, and thermal reliability of the laminate substrate as well as assembly information.     

Parametric reliability analysis of no-underfill flip chip package

This research proposes a parametric analysis for a flip chip package with a constraint-layer structure. Previous research has shown that flip-chip type packages with organic substrates require underfill for achieving adequate reliability life. Although underfill encapsulant is needed to improve the reliability of flip chip solder joint interconnects, it will also increase the difficulty of reworkability, increase the packaging cost and decrease the manufacturing throughput. This research is based on the fact that if the thermal mismatch between the silicon die and the organic substrate could be minimized, then the reliability of the solder joint could be accordingly enhanced. This research proposes a structure using a ceramic-like material with CTE close to silicon, mounted on the backside of the substrate to constrain the thermal expansion of the organic substrate. The ceramic-like material could reduce the thermal mismatch between silicon die and substrate, thereby enhancing the reliability life of the solder joint. Furthermore, in order to achieve better reliability design of this flip chip package, a parametric analysis using finite element analysis is performed for package design. The design parameters of the flip chip package include die size, substrate size/material, and constraint-layer size/material, etc. The results show that this constraint-layer structure could make the solder joints of the package achieve the same range of reliability as the conventional underfill material. More importantly, the flip chip package without underfill material could easily solve the reworkability problem, enhance the thermal dissipation capability and also improve the manufacturing throughput     

大功率LED路灯叉排式散热器的热学特性研究

本文结合有限体积数值模拟建立散热器热学模型,可准确计算散热器系统中温度场以及流体场分布,为有效评价散热器的散热效率提供重要参考依据。基于散热器热学模型．分析比较叉排式以及顺排式散热器的温度场以及流体场分布,发现又排式散热器中交错分布翅片可有效破坏散热器层流底层,增强了流体扰动,加大了换热效果,为优化叉排式散热器结构提供了可靠依据,进而通过分析优化散热器系统送风方向、粘结层材料、散热器材料对总体散热性能以及重量的交叉影响。     

带有TSV的硅基大功率LED封装技术研究

介绍了一种带有凹槽和硅通孔(through silicon via,TSV)的硅基制备以及晶圆级白光LED的封装方法。针对硅基大功率LED的封装结构建立了热传导模型,并通过有限元软件模拟分析了这种封装形式的散热效果。模拟结果显示,硅基封装满足LED芯片p-n结的温度要求。实验结合半导体制造工艺,在硅基板上完成了凹槽和通孔的制造,实现了LED芯片的有效封装。热阻测试仪测得硅基的热阻为1.068K/W。实验结果证明,这种方法有效实现了低热阻、低成本、高密度的LED芯片封装,是大功率LED封装发展的重要方向。     

Design and Simulation of High-power LED Array Packaging

Thermal management is one of the key technologies for high-power Light emitting diode（LED） entering into the general illuminating field. Successful thermal management depends on optimal packaging structure and selected packaging materials. In this paper, the aluminum is employed as a substrate of LED, 3×3 array chips are placed on the substrate, heat dissipation performance is simulated using finite element analysis（FEA） software, analyzed are the influences on the temperature of the chip with different convection coefficient, and optical properties are simulated using optical analysis software. The results show that the packaging structure can not only effectually improve the thermal performance of high-power LED array but also increase the light extraction efficiency.