激光共聚焦显微术在检测多发性骨髓瘤蛋白共表达中的应用

目的:检测多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者脱嘌呤/脱嘧啶核酸内切酶(apurinic/apyrimidinicendonuclease,APEl)基因表达,探讨其与MM疗效的关系。方法:采用双标免疫荧光结合激光共聚焦显微镜、免疫细胞化学分析MM细胞系KM3、32例MM患者和10例正常自愿者骨髓标本中检测APE1蛋白表达及定位。结果:MM患者骨髓标本有Apel和CD38蛋白共表达;在作为阳性对照的MM细胞系KM3中胞核、胞核/胞浆、胞浆均有APEl表达,其中尤以胞核明显;APEl胞浆阳性分度在正常对照组、初治组、复发或难治组间依次增高(P<0.01或0.05)。结论:APEl蛋白表达强度与MM疗效有关,APEl基因表达增强可能是MM患者预后不良的指标之一。     

非胸腔镜辅助微创Nuss手术治疗小儿漏斗胸

目的:总结非胸腔镜辅助微创Nuss手术治疗小儿漏斗胸的疗效和安全性.方法:2006年6月至2010年8月,采用非胸腔镜微创Nuss手术治疗小儿漏斗胸210例,年龄3岁至17岁8个月.轻度5例.中重度175例,极重度30例.对称型138例,非对称型67例,复发性5例.结果:210例患儿均顺利完成手术,手术时间30min至...     

单克隆免疫球蛋白轻链相关性肾病的超微结构及免疫电镜研究

目的：探讨电镜及免疫电镜方法在单克隆免疫球蛋白轻链相关性肾病包括轻链沉积病(Light chain deposition disease,LCDD)和轻链型淀粉样变(amyloidosis,AL)诊断中的作用。方法：对我院1994．1～2002．12间接受的肾活检病例进行系统的电镜观察,对疑为LCDD及早期AL的病例进行轻链(κ、λ)的免疫电镜标记。结果：7例符合LCDD的诊断,45例符合AL的诊断。LCDD肾活检组织电镜下可见肾小管基底膜(TBM)外侧、肾小球基底膜(GBM)内侧、鲍曼囊外侧及小血管壁基底膜外侧的点状、颗粒状电子致密物质沉积,其中2例早期病例表现颗粒状物质节段性分布;免疫电镜标记,颗粒状物质被单种轻链标记,其中,κ轻链5例,λ轻链2例。AL肾活检组织电镜下可见肾小球系膜区、GBM及小动脉壁基底膜上的细纤维物质呈团片状或束状分布,其中15例早期病例表现系膜区或,及GBM的细纤维呈节段性分布;15例早期AL的免疫电镜标记结果,细纤维被单种轻链标记,其中,κ轻链4例,λ轻链11例。结论：肾脏LCDD及早期AL的诊断需依赖于电镜检查,免疫电镜检查对肾脏早期LCDD及早期AL的确诊具有不可替代的作用。     

光动力疗法联合液氮冷冻治疗复发性尖锐湿疣的临床疗效及对患者局部人乳头瘤病毒6/11型载量的影响

探讨5-氨基酮戊酸光动力疗法(ALA-PDT)联合液氮冷冻治疗复发性尖锐湿疣的临床疗效及对患者局部人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)6/11型载量的影响。对30例复发性尖锐湿疣患者进行ALA-PDT联合液氮冷冻治疗,每7～14 d重复一次,共4次。治疗结束后每2周复诊1次,在末次治疗后3个月进行临床疗效评估。采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测联合治疗前及末次治疗结束后2周原病灶部位HPV6/11DNA,分析联合治疗后HPV6/11转阴率及未转阴患者病毒载量的变化情况。完成联合治疗的27例患者中,6例(22.22%)在末次治疗后3个月内疣体复发。该27例患者中有25例在联合治疗前HPV6/11DNA阳性,其中16例(64.00%)在末次治疗结束后2周HPV6/11DNA转阴;其余9例HPV6/11DNA未转阴者,对其联合治疗前后病毒载量的变化情况运用2^-ΔΔC_t相对定量法分析得出,经联合治疗后原病灶部位HPV6/11DNA载量明显低于联合治疗前,两者差异有显著统计学意义(S=-22.5,P<0.01)。可见,ALA-PDT联合液氮冷冻治疗能够有效地降低复...     

氟伐他汀对2型糖尿病合并高胆固醇血症患者的抗氧化作用

目的调查氟伐他汀对2型糖尿病合并高胆固醇血症患者体内氧化压力的影响以及与降脂作用的相关性。方法糖尿病合并高脂血症患者41例,男21例,女20例,平均年龄（56．7&#177;6．0）岁,均在日本弘前大学附属医院收集。每晚服用20mg氟伐他汀,于用药前及用药后4、8、12周分别测定血浆中低密度脂蛋白（LDL）,LDL size、LHPO、TBARS的动态变化。结果血浆LHPO,TBARS、LDL—C在用药的第8周（分别为19．4&#177;8．1 vs43.3&#177;13．1nmol／mg LDLpm;5．33&#177;0．97vs8．83&#177;1．11nmol／mL;125&#177;9vs157&#177;12mg／dL,P〈0．05）和12周（分别为14．4&#177;5．1vs43．3&#177;13．1nmol／mg LDLpro;2．3&#177;0．3vs8．83&#177;1．11nmol／mL;131&#177;5vs157&#177;12mg／dL,P〈0．05）明显降低,LDL size无统计学差异。结论氟伐他汀能够显著降低患者血中的LHPO、TBARS、LDL,表明对2型糖尿病合并高脂血症患者有抗氧化作用．且与其抗血脂的作用相关．     

红蓝光联合治疗与单纯蓝光治疗面部寻常型痤疮的疗效对比

目的：比较红光（630nm）和蓝光（415nm）联合治疗与单纯蓝光（415nm）治疗面部寻常型痤疮的临床疗效。方法：将61例面部寻常型痤疮患者随机分为红蓝光联合治疗组与单纯蓝光治疗组,分别进行8周治疗,于实验第2周、4周、6周、8周对疗效进行比较分析。结果：59例患者完成了实验,红蓝光联合治疗组对脓疱、结节/囊肿的疗效（皮损总数的减少率）较单纯蓝光治疗组好,而单纯蓝光治疗组对丘疹的疗效较好,所得结果均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。8周治疗结束后,两组皮损总有效率无差异性（P〉0.05）。结论：红蓝光联合治疗及单纯蓝光治疗均对面部寻常型痤疮有一定的疗效,虽然二者总体疗效无差别,但对不同类型皮疹的疗效不同,且所得结果有统计学意义。     

使用高扩散性的幕料：LUXOUN（丽讯）HV210高清投影幕

AV8003／MM8003作为马兰士最新推出的旗舰级高清音频放大器组合,AV8003AV前置放大器采用了TI公司的高性能浮点DSP——TMS320DA788,具备DTS—HDMA和Dolby TrueHD高清无损音频的解码能力。同时,还采用了基于PLL（相位同步电路）的HDMI抖动抑制方式．提升了音质。MM8003为7．1声道的功率放大器,使用了BOXER8高品质的电流反馈型电路设计,能实现高响应、低失真的音频表现。同时配合精制的巨型环型变压器和音频专用的大容量滤波电容器,能提供220W&#215;8（6Ω）的功率输出。     

激光内镜治疗上消化道良性肿瘤

我院自1987年8月至1988年底,用Nd~(3 ):YAG 激光内镜治疗上消化道良性肿瘤14例,取得了满意的疗效,现报道如下:一般资料:14例中,男性10例,女性4例。年龄在32～71岁之间。患者全部经内镜活检,组织病理学确诊为良性肿瘤,共27颗肿瘤;食道中下段粘膜糖元性棘皮瘤1例(2颗肿瘤),胃炎型息肉9例(胃体6例8颗病灶,胃窦2例2颗肿瘤,幽     

1 ×8MMI型玻璃基光功分器的研制

针对Ag -Na 离子交换形成的渐变折射率分布,分析了多模干涉(MM I)型功分器的工作原理。在K9玻璃衬底上设计并制作了掩埋型1×8MM I功分器。测试结果表明,这种结构在具有结构紧凑、制作容差性大等优点的同时,其功分均匀性也很好,小于0.5dB。     

激光照射配合穴位注射治疗复发性口腔溃疡的疗效观察

目的:观察激光照射配合穴位注射黄芪注射液治疗复发性口腔溃疡的疗效。方法:将门诊符合条件的80例复发性口腔溃疡患者随机分为两组:运用激光照射配合穴位注射黄芪注射液治疗复发性口腔溃疡40例作为治疗组,洗必泰口腔溃疡膜溃疡表面敷贴配合甲硝唑片口服40例作为对照组。观察其治疗2d、6d后的临床疗效、溃疡大小、疼痛、充血指标。结果:治疗组与对照组治疗2d、6d后疗效比较有显著差异(P<0.01);2d后,治疗组溃疡大小、疼痛、充血3个指标均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),对照组溃疡大小、疼痛2个指标均有显著性差异(P<0.05),与对照组比较有非常显著性差异(P<0.01);6d后,2组溃疡大小、疼痛、充血3个指标均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),与对照组比较有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:激光照射配合穴位注射黄芪注射液治疗复发性口腔溃疡疗效确切,能迅速缓解症状。     

Nd:YAG激光治疗鼻咽部囊肿

传统的鼻咽部囊肿多采用揭盖治疗,因囊肿内壁未切除,术后易出血,常复发。本组用Nd:YAG激光治疗18例,全部治愈。     

An atrioventricular node model for analysis of the ventricular response during atrial fibrillation

This paper introduces a model of the atrioventricular node function during atrial fibrillation (AF), and describes the related ECG-based estimation method. The proposed model is defined by parameters that characterize the arrival rate of atrial impulses, the probability of an impulse choosing either one of the two atrioventricular nodal pathways, the refractory periods of these pathways, and the prolongation of the refractory periods. These parameters are estimated from the RR intervals using maximum likelihood estimation, except for the shorter refractory period which is estimated from the RR interval Poincaré plot, and the mean arrival rate of atrial impulses by the AF frequency. Simulations indicated that 200-300 RR intervals are generally needed for the estimates to be accurate. The model was evaluated on 30-min ECG segments from 36 AF patients. The results showed that 88% of the segments can be accurately modeled when the estimated probability density function (PDF) and an empirical PDF were at least 80% in agreement. The model parameters were estimated during head-up tilt test to assess differences caused by sympathetic stimulation. Both refractory periods decreased as a result of stimulation, and the likelihood of an impulse choosing the pathway with the shorter refractory period increased.     

Analysis of a monopole mounted near an edge or a vertex

The problem of a monopole mounted near the edge of a wedge or a vertex is considered. Three types of solutions-surface patch modeling, moment method/geometrical theory of diffraction (MM/GTD), and MM/eigenfunction-are presented, discussed, and compared with measurements. Results are in the form of input impedance and radiation patterns.     

Stochastic Population Model for Electrical Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve

We have developed a biophysical model of a population of electrically stimulated auditory nerve fibers. It can be used to interpret results from physiological and behavioral experiments with cochlear implants and propose novel stimulation strategies. Our model consists of myelinated internodes described by a passive resistor-capacitor network, membrane capacitance, and leakage current at the nodes of Ranvier, as well as stochastic representations of nodal voltage-dependent channels. To approximate physiological properties measured in the auditory nerve (AN) of an acutely deafened cat, electrical parameters of the model fiber were chosen based on literature-reported values. Using our model, we have replicated the following properties within 10% of the reported feline single-fiber measurements: relative spread (5.8%), spike latency (630 mus), jitter (93 mus), chronaxie (238 mus), relative refractory period (4.6 ms), and conduction velocity (14 m/s). Moreover, we have successfully matched response characteristics of a population of fibers with the same number of diameter-distributed model fibers, enabling us to simulate responses of the entire AN. To demonstrate the performance of our model, we compare responses of a population of ANs stimulated with two speech encoding strategies, continuous interleaved sampling and compressed analog.     

A new dynamic index of insulin sensitivity

Insulin sensitivity is a crucial parameter of glucose metabolism. The standard measures of insulin sensitivity obtained by an euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp, S/sub I/(clamp), or by the minimal model (MM), S/sub I/, do not account for the dynamics of insulin action, i.e., how fast or slow insulin action reaches its plateau value. This is an important physiological information. In this paper we formally define a new insulin sensitivity index which also incorporates information on the dynamics of insulin action, S/sub I//sup D/, show its properties, and exemplify how it can be measured both with the clamp and the MM method. Then, by resorting to real and synthetic data, we show both in IVGTT MM and clamp studies why this new index S/sub I//sup D/ offers, in comparison with S/sub I/, a more comprehensive picture of the control of insulin on glucose.     

肝衰竭患者并发真菌败血症21例

目的回顾性分析我院肝衰竭患者并发真菌败血症的临床特点。方法以1986年1月-2006年6月收治的肝衰竭患者,血培养有真菌生长者为研究对象。结果符合真菌感染诊断509例,其中发生真菌败血症者共21例（4．13％）,60岁以上16例（76．19％）,住院天数平均42．5d。给予抗真菌治疗后治愈5例,好转4例,死亡和／或无效12例。结论真菌败血症多发生于基础疾病重、免疫力低下的肝衰竭患者,死亡率高。其主要病原菌为酵母菌属。延误诊断、治疗不正确以及疗程不足、原发病严重的病例预后差。     

Global Millimeter-Wave Precipitation Retrievals Trained With a Cloud-Resolving Numerical Weather Prediction Model, Part I: Retrieval Design

This paper develops a global precipitation rate retrieval algorithm for the advanced microwave sounding unit (AMSU), which observes 23-191 GHz. The algorithm was trained using a numerical weather prediction (NWP) model (MM5) for 106 globally distributed storms that predicted brightness temperatures consistent with those observed simultaneously by AMSU. Neural networks were trained to retrieve hydrometeor water-paths, peak vertical wind, and 15-min average surface precipitation rates for rain and snow at 15-km resolution at all viewing angles. Different estimators were trained for land and sea, where surfaces classed as snow or ice were generally excluded from this paper. Surface-sensitive channels were incorporated by using linear combinations [principal components (PCs)] of their brightness temperatures that were observed to be relatively insensitive to the surface, as determined by visual examination of global images of each brightness temperature spectrum PC. This paper also demonstrates that multiple scattering in high microwave albedo clouds may help explain the observed consistency for a global set of 122 storms between AMSU-observed 50-191-GHz brightness temperature distributions and corresponding distributions predicted using a cloud-resolving mesoscale NWP model (MM5) and a two-stream radiative transfer model that models icy hydrometeors as spheres with frequency-dependent densities. The AMSU/MM5 retrieval algorithm developed in Part I of this paper is evaluated in Part II on a separate paper.     

Multiple symbol trellis coding of CPFSK

This paper describes a technique related to the design of a trellis encoder, combined with the full response M-ary continuous phase frequency shift keying (CPFSK) with modulation index 1/M. A new representation of CPFSK waveforms in N signaling intervals, is proposed as a function of an (N+1)-D vector. We also decompose the generation of the proposed CPFSK waveform into two stages, an N-consecutive continuous phase encoder (NCPE) and a memoryless modulator (MM). This decomposition makes it possible to design binary convolutional encoders with various code rates, cascaded to the NCPE. Specific optimal outer convolutional encoders of two and three-consecutive full response four-ary CPFSK with modulation index 1/4 are designed following Ungerboeck's (1982) set partitioning approach. These codes achieve asymptotic coding gains up to 4.77 dB for the two consecutive case with code rate 3/4, and asymptotic coding gains up to 5.45 dB for the three-consecutive case with code rate 5/6     

Global Millimeter-Wave Precipitation Retrievals Trained With A Cloud-Resolving Numerical Weather-Prediction Model, Part II: Performance Evaluation

This paper evaluates the performance of the global precipitation rate retrieval algorithm for the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) that was described in Part I of this paper. AMSU is in polar orbit on several National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) operational weather satellites. Predicted rms retrieval errors based on a 15-km resolution 0.5-1.0-mm/h MM5 truth were 0.88, 0.83, 1.13, and 3.04 for stratiform, warm rain, ice-free rain, and convective rain, respectively, which were averaged over all view angles for land and sea up to 73deg latitude. For MM5 rates of 4-8 mm/h, these rms errors increased to 2.8, 3.4, 3.9, and 4.9 mm/h, respectively. The corresponding rms retrieval accuracies for MM5 hydrometeor water paths between 0.125 and 0.25 mm for rainwater, snow, and graupel were 0.19, 0.10, and 0.22 mm, respectively. The rms retrieval accuracy for the 0.125-0.25-m/s peak vertical wind was 0.08 m/s. Biases are small for cumulative precipitation estimates, although an upward correction factor of 1.37 is derived for convective precipitation rate probability distributions. Differences between these retrievals and those from the conically scanned Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System instrument and an alternate NOAA AMSU algorithm are also characterized.