二维光子晶体对面发射激光器横模控制研究

垂直腔面发射激光器的单模输出特性在光网络数据传输光互连、光存储和激光打印中有重要的应用.传统的氧化限制型垂直腔面发射半导体激光器由于串联电阻大、发热严重而很难工作在单模状态.二维光子晶体结构可以有效地控制垂直腔面发射激光器的横向模式,使器件工作在单模状态下.从理论上系统研究了光子晶体垂直腔面发射半导体激光器的单模条件,成功设计了一组单模光子晶体垂直腔面发射半导体激光器,并通过常规工艺制作出功率0.6 mW、边模抑制比大于30 dB、阈值电流4 mA、远场发散角8.4°、不受电流注入影响的单模光子晶体垂直腔面发射半导体激光器.实验证明:光子晶体可有效地进行横模控制.     

光子晶体垂直腔型表面发射和接收光电子器件

介绍了制作光子晶体垂直腔面发射激光器实验研究的主要内容,包括材料的光谱测试分析、氧化工艺以及制作光子晶体等,成功制作了波长在980nm附近的光子晶体垂直腔面发射激光器.在此基础上,采用高精度湿法腐蚀和感应耦合等离子体干法刻蚀技术,研究制作了基于垂直腔面发射激光器外延材料的光子晶体谐振腔增强型探测器.     

光子晶体垂直腔型表面发射和接收光电子器件

介绍了制作光子晶体垂直腔面发射激光器实验研究的主要内容,包括材料的光谱测试分析、氧化工艺以及制作光子晶体等,成功制作了波长在980nm附近的光子晶体垂直腔面发射激光器.在此基础上,采用高精度湿法腐蚀和感应耦合等离子体干法刻蚀技术,研究制作了基于垂直腔面发射激光器外延材料的光子晶体谐振腔增强型探测器.     

光子晶体垂直腔面发射激光器的研究进展

单模垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)具有低功耗、小发散角、高调制带宽和易于二维集成等优点,在光互连、光存储、高速激光打印和长波通讯等方向有着很好的应用前景。调节VCSEL顶部和底部反射层的结构可以很容易地实现单纵模条件,然而要实现横向单模输出,就要同时对出射光加以横向限制。在VCSEL的顶部反射层刻蚀出二维光子晶体结构构成的光子晶体VCSEL实现了稳定的单横模激光输出。介绍了光子晶体VCSEL的基本结构、工作原理、研究进展和应用领域,并探讨了如何使光子晶体VCSEL获得更高的出光功率、控制激光偏振特性和减小发散角等问题。最后评述了光子晶体VCSEL的国内研究现状,并对未来的研究做了展望。     

质子注入型光子晶体垂直腔面发射激光器制备

在光子晶体垂直腔面发射激光器中采用质子注入工艺,使台面工艺变成纯平面工艺,降低了光子晶体结构制备难度,简化了器件制备,提高了器件的均匀性。质子注入型光子晶体垂直腔面发射激光器中的光子晶体结构,在电流限制孔小于光子晶体缺陷孔时,仍能控制器件光束及模式特性,该结果可用于优化器件阈值电流,制备高性能低阈值电流基横模器件。实验所设计制备的器件,在注入电流小于12.5 mA时,阈值电流2.1 mA,出光功率大于1 mW,远场发射角小于7,有效验证了光子晶体结构在质子注入型面发射激光器中的光束改善及模式控制作用。     

光子晶体垂直腔表面发射激光器及最佳化设计

单基模垂直腔表面发射激光器(VCSEL)在光网络数据传输、光互连、光存储和激光打印中有潜在的应用前景。光子晶体垂直腔表面发射激光器(PC-VCSEL)已成为备受关注的研究课题。介绍了PC-VCSEL的结构、最佳化设计及特性。     

新型正方晶格基横模光子晶体面发射激光器

高功率基横模垂直腔面发射激光器（VCSEL）在光通信、传感、原子频标和光电混合集成等领域有着重要的应用,将光子晶体结构引入到VCSEL中,通过设计结构尺寸和分布,可以有效控制VCSEL的横向模式。课题组将正方形排列的光子晶体结构引入到VCSEL中,实现对VCSEL的横向模式和基横模出光功率控制,获得高基横模出光功率器件。通过采用平面波展开法（PWE）和全矢量三维时域有限差分方法（FDTD）对正方晶格结构光子晶体的合理设计,获得正方形排布光子晶体周期、占空比和刻蚀深度等重要参数。成功地制备出基横模出光功率大于3 mW,边模抑制比大于40 dB的正方晶格光子晶体VCSEL。     

性能优良的光泵垂直腔面发射激光器

光泵半导体（OPS）激光器是一类以特殊类型垂直腔面发射激光器（VCSEL）为基础的新型器件，与以电流注入驱动的垂直腔面发射激光器不同，光泵垂直腔面发射激光器是用二极管泵浦激光驱动的。这种器件具有所希望的性能特性组合，如小型组件的高功率和优良TEM00模特性的组合。这种技术还可做成具有特定波长输出的激光器或在850～1600nm光谱范围可调谐的激光器。这些特性意味着光泵半导体激光器具有渗透或影响许多商业化激光应用开发的潜力，其中包括在通讯方面的应用。这方面的一个重要例子是泵浦高功率掺饵光纤放大器（EDFA）。光泵光泵…     

单横模光子晶体微腔激光器的研究

对单横模激射的光子晶体垂直腔面发射激光器的设计具有指导作用。把单横模光子晶体光纤理论用于光子晶体微腔,分析有效归一化频率随晶格常数和填充比的变化关系;采用时域有限差分方法计算二维空气孔型三角结构光子晶体的完全带隙。利用上述计算结果,选取合适的光子晶体结构参数,实现单横模激射。从载流子数面密度和光子数面密度的速率方程出发,分析了光子晶体的引入对激光阈值的影响。     

外部光反馈对980nm垂直腔面发射激光器振荡特性的影响

研究了外部光反馈对980nm垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)振荡特性的影响.计算了垂直腔面发射激光器及边发射半导体激光器的光反馈灵敏因子.基于复合腔理论,分析了外部光反馈对垂直腔面发射激光器的阈值电流及微分量子效率等振荡特性参数的影响.实验结果表明,当反馈率为10%时,垂直腔面发射激光器的阈值电流由0.63A下降至0.59A,同时斜率效率和输出功率也有所下降.实验结果和理论分析符合得较好.     

Loss-Induced Confinement in Photonic Crystal Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Through calculations and comparison with experimental results, we verify that loss introduced by an etched photonic crystal in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) contributes significantly to the transverse optical confinement and supported modes. The optical loss is examined theoretically using a simple waveguide model from the scalar Helmholtz equation. The modal loss of fabricated lasers is extracted from the observed spectral-mode splitting. The effect of modal loss on the slope efficiency and modal behavior is examined. The model is found to be consistent with experimental measurements, and provides a means of accurate design of single-mode photonic crystal VCSELs.      

Spectral characteristics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with external optical feedback

The measurement of the effects of external optical feedback on the spectra of VCSELs (vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers) is reported. It is surprising that VCSELs have a sensitivity to optical feedback comparable to that of conventional edge-emitting lasers such as DFBs despite their significantly different structures. This is because the extremely short cavity length of VCSELs negates the effects of their highly reflective output mirrors. As in edge-emitting lasers, VCSELs exhibit well-defined regimes of feedback effects in their spectra. Since optical isolators cannot be easily applied to VCSELs due to their array structure, these lasers may be most useful in applications which are not sensitive to the spectral qualities of the light source.<>     

光通信用垂直腔面发射激光器的进展

垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)以其优异的性能有望成为信息时代的新光源.文章介绍了用于光通信的VCSEL的开发现状.     

Polarisation control in VCSELs by elliptic surface etching

850 nm-wavelength vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with an elliptical shallow surface relief having various aspect ratios and orientations have been fabricated. Using appropriate etch dimensions, VCSELs of up to 12.5 μm active diameter are forced to operate on the fundamental mode for a certain current range. By aligning the longer axis of the etched ellipse with the [011] or [011¯] crystal axis, the polarisation of the fundamental mode is pinned accordingly with a polarisation suppression ratio of ~30 dB     

Influence of Low-Frequency Modulation on Polarization Switching of VCSELs Subject to Optical Feedback

The influence of low-frequency modulation on the polarization switching (PS) properties of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) under optical feedback has been investigated experimentally. The current modulation frequency has a large impact on the PS of VCSELs even in the low-frequency range between 1 and 100 kHz. Thermal effects play an important role in this phenomenon.     

In(Al)GaAs–AlGaAs Wafer Fused VCSELs Emitting at 2- μm Wavelength

We demonstrate 2-mum wavelength, wafer-fused In(Al)GaAs-InP-AlGaAs-GaAs vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) emitting single-mode power of 0.5 mW at room temperature with a threshold current of 4 mA and sidemode suppression ratio of over 30 dB. These devices can be continuously tuned with current by 5 nm without mode hopping, with a tuning rate of 0.31 nm/mA. These features demonstrate the potential of these long wavelength VCSELs for gas sensing and other optical spectroscopy applications.     

Mode-coupling effects on the small-signal modulation ofmultitransverse-mode vertical-cavity semiconductor lasers

We explored in detail the dynamics of multitransverse-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), which are important for optical interconnection applications. We found that the small-signal modulation response exhibits a rich structure including multiresonance peaks as well as response notches. The detailed theoretical and experimental study enabled us to attribute the various features to the coupling level between the participating modes. The generality of the predictions was tested and approved for several types of multitransverse-mode VCSELs and even for a coherent VCSEL array     

High-bit-rate generation of low chirped pulses from vertical-cavitysurface-emitting lasers via external axial magnetic field

The possibility of generating low chirped, fast optical pulses with linear polarization in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) is numerically explored. We show that, under the influence of an axial magnetic field, polarization modulation at gigahertz rates can be achieved with possible applications in optical clock generation/extraction and optical communications     

Room-temperature operation of VCSEL-pumped photonic crystal lasers

Room-temperature operation of two-dimensional photonic crystal lasers optically pumped by a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser emitting at 860 nm is reported. The photonic crystal membrane is surrounded by air on both sides and consists of four compressively strained quantum wells as the active region. The incident threshold pump power of an approximately 2.6-μm-diameter hexagonal defect cavity laser operating at 1.6 μm is 2.4 mW     

Single-Mode Emission From Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers With Low-Index Defects

Mode confinement to low-index "defect" regions of a two-dimensional square photonic lattice has been studied as a means to realize single-spatial-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). A selective etching process with two-step metal-organic chemical vapor deposition is used to fabricate the low-index defect VCSELs. A device with a 9-mum-wide aperture demonstrates 2.9-mW continuous-wave (CW) output power. The near diffraction-limited single-lobe far-field and high-resolution spectral analyses confirm single fundamental defect mode emission. Comparison studies between pulsed and CW operation indicate that thermal effects have a significant impact on the modal performance of the devices. Single-mode emission with more than 8 mW of peak pulsed power has been observed with short pulsewidth operation (0.1 mus, 2%). Improvements in thermal management are required to achieve higher CW single-mode emission in these devices