共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
研究了球坐标系中的目标跟踪,提出了一种基于球坐标系的水下目标运动模型,指出了机动目标运动模型中均值和方差的取值,在此基础上,导出了基于球坐标系的自适应卡尔曼滤波跟踪算法,给出了Monte Carlo仿真实验的结果。结果表明:在球坐标系中,该模型对水下目标的径向距离、方位角、俯仰角及其速度和加速度具有良好的跟踪性能,无须进行目标的机动检测,跟踪算法所需计算量小。 相似文献
4.
5.
基于地理信息的地面运动目标跟踪方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了提高地面运动目标跟踪精度,提出了基于地理信息约束的变结构交互多模(VS-IMM)的目标跟踪算法。通过建立地理信息系统约束地面目标运动状态,并利用目标转弯曲线模型确定滤波器中机动目标的时变运动模型集,采用地理信息约束的变结构交互多模算法可更符合实际进行地面目标机动跟踪。针对机场地面机动目标的仿真结果表明,给出的地理条件约束的目标跟踪算法比现有交互多模算法具有更好的性能。 相似文献
6.
一种新的机动目标跟踪的多模型算法 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
采用带渐消因子的当前统计模型与匀速运动模型进行交互,设计了一种新的机动目标跟踪的交互式多模型算法。当前统计模型具有对一般机动目标跟踪精度高的特点,通过渐消因子的引入增强了该模型对突发机动的自适应跟踪能力,同时通过与CV模型的交互保证了对非机动目标的跟踪性能。仿真结果表明,在跟踪一般机动目标时,其误差和当前统计模型与CV模型交互的IMM算法相当;在跟踪突发机动目标时,该文算法的误差明显小于当前统计模型与CV交互的IMM算法。 相似文献
7.
为了满足工程需要,结合变维卡尔曼滤波器和α-β算法的优点,提出了一种卡
尔曼和α-β变维交互替代目标跟踪算法。通过加入机动检测器监视机动,在目标发生
机动时,采用高阶维数模型和卡尔曼滤波器;机动消失后,退回到低阶维数模型和α-β
滤波器,从而实现了对机动和非机动目标的自适应跟踪,克服了因转弯机动引起的误差突
跳,并显著地减少了计算量。通过Monte Carlo 仿真进一步验证了改进算法的合理性和实
用性。 相似文献
8.
Probabilistic data association techniques for target tracking in clutter 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
KIRUBARAJAN T. BAR-SHALOM Y. 《Proceedings of the IEEE. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers》2004,92(3):536-557
In tracking targets with less-than-unity probability of detection in the presence of false alarms (FAs), data association-deciding which of the received multiple measurements to use to update each track-is crucial. Most algorithms that make a hard decision on the origin of the true measurement begin to fail as the FA rate increases or with low observable (low probability of target detection) maneuvering targets. Instead of using only one measurement among the received ones and discarding the others, an alternative approach is to use all of the validated measurements with different weights (probabilities), known as probabilistic data association (PDA). This paper presents an overview of the PDA technique and its application for different target tracking scenarios. First, it describes the use of the PDA technique for tracking low observable targets with passive sonar measurements. This target motion analysis is an application of the PDA technique, in conjunction with the maximum-likelihood approach, for target motion parameter estimation via a batch procedure. Then, the PDA technique for tracking highly maneuvering targets and for radar resource management is illustrated with recursive state estimation using the interacting multiple model estimator combined with PDA. Finally, a sliding window (which can also expand and contract) parameter estimator using the PDA approach for tracking the state of a maneuvering target using measurements from an electrooptical sensor is presented. 相似文献
9.
Traditionally, in target tracking, much emphasis is put on the motion model that realistically represents the target's movements. We first present the classical constant velocity model and then introduce a new model that incorporates an acceleration component along the heading direction of the target. We also show that the target motion parameters can be considered part of a more general feature set for target tracking. This is exemplified by showing that target frequencies, which may be unrelated to the target motion, can also be used to improve the tracking performance. In order to include the frequency variable, a new array steering vector is presented for the direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation problems. The independent partition particle filter (IPPF) is used to compare the performances of the two motion models by tracking multiple maneuvering targets using the acoustic sensor outputs directly. The treatment is quite general since IPPF allows general type of noise models as opposed to Gaussianity imposed by Kalman type of formulations. It is shown that by incorporating the acceleration into the state vector, the tracking performance can be improved in certain cases as expected. Then, we demonstrate a case in which the frequency variable improves the tracking and classification performance for targets with close DOA tracks. 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
针对复合K噪声下机动目标跟踪系统具有强非线性非高斯的特点,提出了一种自适应无迹粒子滤波(Adaptive Unscented Particle Filter,AUPF)算法.该算法建立在常加速模型及其改进滤波算法基础上,并将无迹卡尔曼滤波(Unscented Kalman Filter,UKF)与强跟踪滤波(Strong Tracking Filter,STF)算法相结合作为提议分布,提高了系统跟踪一般机动和阶跃机动的能力.在给出复合K噪声模型的基础上,利用AUPF算法对几种典型机动目标进行了计算机仿真,并同无迹粒子滤波(Unscented Particle Filter,UPF)算法进行了比较.仿真结果表明,复合K噪声下AUPF算法能更有效地对各种机动目标进行跟踪,具有较高的跟踪精度. 相似文献
13.
一种新的机动目标跟踪的多模型算法 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
设计了一种仅仅使用两个模型实现对机动目标精确跟踪的多模型算法,采用了含有法向和切向加速度的加速度均值自适应的当前统计模型和扩展后的常速模型进行交互。该算法不受目标转弯率大小和变化的限制,对目标运动模式的未知参数变化的适应性较强。仿真结果表明,该算法对目标的跟踪精度明显优于传统的使用3个以上模型交互的IMM-CV/CT算法。由于本算法能够估计出目标的法向和切向加速度,进行适当的模型集设计后,可以实现对复杂、快速机动目标的全过程跟踪,具有可扩展性的应用前景。 相似文献
14.
15.
Mohammadehsan Hajiramezanali Seyyed Hamed Fouladi James A. Ritcey Hamidreza Amindavar 《ETRI Journal》2013,35(5):849-858
In this paper, we propose a new adaptive single model to track a maneuvering target with abrupt accelerations. We utilize the stochastic differential equation to model acceleration of a maneuvering target with stochastic volatility (SV). We assume the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) process as the model for the tracking procedure of the SV. In the proposed scheme, to track a high maneuvering target, we modify the Kalman filtering by introducing a new GARCH model for estimating SV. The proposed tracking algorithm operates in both the non‐maneuvering and maneuvering modes, and, unlike the traditional decision‐based model, the maneuver detection procedure is eliminated. Furthermore, we stress that the improved performance using the GARCH acceleration model is due to properties inherent in GARCH modeling itself that comply with maneuvering target trajectory. Moreover, the computational complexity of this model is more efficient than that of traditional methods. Finally, the effectiveness and capabilities of our proposed strategy are demonstrated and validated through Monte Carlo simulation studies. 相似文献
16.
对机动目标进行跟踪一直是甚具挑战性的问题,特别是跟踪高速高机动目标在理论上和实践上都有较高的技术难度。现有各种算法在这个问题上均有各自的缺点和不足。该文在现有的运动机动模型和IMM算法的基础上,提出了使用多种机动模型交互的IMM算法进行高速高机动目标跟踪。不同机动模型之间的互补使这种算法克服了使用单一模型的一些问题。使用“当前”统计模型、二级滤波模型和CV模型进行交互是一种可行的高速高机动目标跟踪方案。为验证算法的有效性,进行了Monte Carlo仿真。仿真结果表明,该算法在性能和计算复杂度之间取得了较好的平衡,有很好的可实现性。 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
20.
有限集统计学理论为杂波背景下的目标跟踪问题提供了一种工程友好的理论工具.对近年来基于有限集统计学理论的目标跟踪技术研究现状进行了综述,包括最优多目标贝叶斯滤波器及其近似技术、参数未知与机动多目标跟踪技术、航迹生成方法、单目标联合检测与跟踪滤波器及基于有限集观测的单目标滤波器等,对相关应用亦有所介绍.最后在已有研究发展的基础上,着眼于提高目标跟踪精度和增强目标跟踪鲁棒性的发展需要,提出了基于有限集统计学理论的目标跟踪技术需重点解决和关注的若干问题,包括多目标跟踪性能评价、弱小目标跟踪、多机动目标跟踪、多传感器融合跟踪以及联合目标检测、跟踪与分类等方面. 相似文献