TDD系统中不准确的CSI对MISO传输的影响

在时分工(TDD)多输入单输出(MISO)系统中,发送机通过信道估计获得信道状态信息(CSI),根据信道互易性可用其计算发送波束成形(TBF)的加权向量.然而,由于信道估计和TDD的收发机时延,CSI可能会不准确.通过推导接收机误比特率(BER)与CSI的闭合表达关系,分析了不准确的CSI对接收机性能的影响.最后用数值仿真验证了性能分析的正确性.     

基于天线互耦影响的大规模MIMO TDD系统信道互易性校准算法

射频器件的非理想性和信道的时变特性影响大规模多输入多输出（multiple-input multiple-output，MIMO）系统时分双工（time division duplex，TDD）模式的信道互易性，天线阵列的耦合效应影响信道矩阵的相关性.文中提出一种基于互耦影响的大规模MIMO互易性联合校准算法，将天线之间的互耦效应引入信道矩阵，采用OTA（over-the-air）校准算法和基于自回归（auto-regression，AR）模型预测信道矩阵相结合的方案实现同时校准射频非理想性和信道时变特性引起的互易性损失.仿真结果表明，该算法能够提高系统容量，降低误码率，有效地补偿互易性损失.本文算法可以为大规模MIMO系统的多因素联合校准提供参考.     

基于信道化架构的宽带I/Q不平衡校准技术

零中频接收机凭借其架构简单、易于集成等特点已被广泛应用于通信系统和雷达系统,为未来雷达通信一体化技术发展奠定了基础。然而,零中频接收机存在I/Q不平衡问题,这不仅会造成通信星座图的偏移,还会引入雷达虚假目标。现有宽带I/Q补偿方法的精度不高,且都集中于后处理,无法做到实时。因此,本文首先建立了宽带I/Q不平衡模型,并提出了一种融合信道化架构和盲估计补偿算法的宽带I/Q失衡校准技术。该技术利用信道化架构将宽带信号划分为窄带信号,并利用盲估计算法对带有镜像信号的子信道进行在线补偿。实验表明,该方法在获得高精度补偿参数的同时,完成了对宽带I/Q失衡的实时补偿。镜像抑制比达到55 dB。     

不完整CSI下OFDMA无线中继系统资源分配算法研究

针对实际OFDMA系统中下行无线链路信道状态信息(CSI)不完善的前提下,提出一种满足不同用户QoS需求的资源分配算法。在该方案中,首先确定用户与中继站之间的CSI,然后在总功率约束条件下,通过在等功率分配降低算法复杂度的基础上进行最佳中继选择和子载波的分配,最后再对子载波进行注水的功率分配来进一步提高系统容量。仿真结果表明,该方案在保证用户QoS的同时进一步提高系统容量。     

协助D2D通信的波束赋形算法设计

文章考虑下行链路D2D通信对复用同小区的蜂窝资源,不同于传统的基于总功率约束的赋形策略,我们提出了基于单根天线功率约束的波束赋形策略。TD-LTE系统采用的是时分双工,上下行信道具有互易性,因此通过对上行信道信息的获取,可以得到下行信道的信道状态信息(Channel Station Information,CSI),从而有效地实现波束赋形。在CSI已知的情况下,我们提出了一种高效的算法寻找最优的波束赋形策略,使得经典的基于最大最小信干比的问题能够被重写为标准的二阶锥规划(SCOP),从而使最优的目标能够通过标准的二阶锥规划求解器求解。同时,为了减少由于D2D通信对加入给蜂窝网络带来的干扰,一种D2D状态搜索算法被提出,它能够选择最优的D2D通信对加入蜂窝网络中,使得系统的吞吐量得到提升。     

大规模MU-MIMO系统归一化预编码算法

针对大规模MU-MIMO系统中预编码技术性能不佳的问题,在不完善信道状态信息(CSI)的情况下,对迫零(ZF)和最大比发射(MRT)预编码技术提出了两种归一化算法：向量归一化与矩阵归一化。首先基站通过上行导频序列估计CSI,并在下行链路中用所提的算法对预编码矩阵进行归一化处理,然后将其与发送信号以及信道进行匹配。仿真结果表明,在高信噪比时,ZF预编码使用向量归一化算法实现了更好的系统性能;而在低信噪比时,MRT预编码使用矩阵归一化算法使系统性能得到了良好改善。     

基于人工智能的大规模天线信道状态信息反馈研究

信道状态信息（channel state information,CSI）的精确获取是大规模天线发挥效能的关键。在现有的通信系统中，上下行链路互易性不理想时，基于码本进行下行链路的CSI反馈。随着天线规模的增大，码本CSI反馈所需要的开销也越来越大。给出了基于人工智能（artificial intelligence,AI）的CSI反馈压缩方法，分析了基于AI的CSI反馈的标准化影响、通信流程与面临的挑战，提供了评估结果。评估结果表明，相对于基于频域基向量压缩的码本CSI反馈，基于AI的CSI反馈在相同的反馈精度下可以显著地降低反馈开销。     

基于上下行对偶性的多用户MIMO下行链路鲁棒收发机设计

针对多用户多天线(MIMO)下行链路信道状态信息(CSI)非理想的条件,该文研究SINR平衡问题及功率最小化问题的收发机设计。在信道误差受限情况下,该文建立worst-case SINR上下行链路对偶性,并基于该对偶性,为两种鲁棒收发机提出新的设计策略。该策略避免了凸优化内点迭代算法,从而大大降低复杂度。仿真结果显示,所提算法与现有的凸优化算法性能一致。     

蜂窝车联网中基于服务异构性的V2V通信资源分配算法研究

在支持车与车直接通信(V2V)的蜂窝网络场景下,针对密集环境下复用车与设备(V2I)上行链路的资源分配问题,在V2V的干扰下,利用移动链路的信道状态信息(CSI)的慢衰落统计,联合通信可靠性、功率控制,建立最大化V2I信道容量的优化模型以满足车辆网络服务的异构性的需求。基于此,该文提出一种基于超图理论和遗传算法的资源分配算法。仿真结果表明,该算法在保证V2V通信可靠性的前提下,提高了V2I的信道容量。     

TDD系统中非理想互易条件下双流波束赋形的容量分析

在时分双工(TDD)多天线系统中,由于上行信道估计误差和上下行传输时延,上下行链路信道的互易性并不理想.针对非理想互易条件下基于最小均方误差线性接收准则的双流波束赋形,通过推导其后验信干噪比,得到了容量上界的闭合表达式.数值和仿真结果表明:所得上界与准确值较为接近;且与理想互易情形相比,非理想互易性对系统的复用增益没有影响,而只会降低系统的阵列增益.     

A CSI Estimation Method for Wireless Relay Network

This letter proposes a method for channel state information (CSI) estimation in a wireless relay network, which consists of a base station (BS), a relay station (RS), and a mobile station (MS). The proposed method exploits the fact that the link condition between fixed BS and fixed RS tends to be stable, and the frequent CSI update is not necessary for this link. In order for the BS to obtain the CSI of the distant link (i.e. RS-MS link), RS amplifies a pilot signal received from MS with a pre-defined amplification factor, and forwards it to BS. This enables the BS to obtain the CSI of the RS-MS link based on the received pilot signal and pre-knowledge on the CSI of BS-RS link, which can reduce the required overhead to explicitly exchange CSI.     

A Novel CSI Feedback Method for Dynamic SU/MU MIMO Adaptation

Channel state information (CSI) reporting at one mobile station (MS) often targets maximizing the throughput of one single link, hence is optimized for single-user multi-input multi-output (SU-MIMO) transmission at base station (BS). However, the system wide throughput may not be maximized when BS is performing multi-user multi-input multi-output (MU-MIMO) transmission utilizing the SU-MIMO optimized CSI reports, and vice versa. This CSI mismatch can cause system throughput degradation. In this paper, a novel CSI feedback method is proposed which can switch between SU-MIMO optimized CSI reporting mode and MU-MIMO optimized CSI reporting mode when instructed by BS’s signaling. System level simulation results show when BS is performing MU-MIMO transmission, significant throughput gain can be obtained if MS feeds back MU-MIMO optimized CSI reports instead of SU-MIMO optimized CSI reports. With the instruction of the BS signaling to dynamic indicate MS to switch between SU-MIMO and MU-MIMO optimized CSI reporting modes, the SU-MIMO performance is not compromised either.     

Adaptive minimum bit feedback for sum-rate analysis in multi-user distributed antenna systems

The paper mainly studies the sum-rate performance of limited feedback (LFB) block-diagonalization (BD) in multi-user distributed antenna system (DAS). As the channel state information (CSI) fed back to base station (BS) is limited, multi-user interference (MUI) is caused inevitably because of the quantization error. Considering the influence of the MUI to the capacity of DAS, we propose a parameter of effective sum-rate ratio (ESRR) to denote the capacity offset under the condition of the BS can get perfect CSI and limited CSI first, then we confirm that the approximated ESRR is very close to actual ESRR got through simulations. After that, based on the approximated ESRR, an adaptive minimum bit feedback scheme which can effectively reduce the overhead of feedback channel and the complexity of the system is proposed. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

Transmission Scheme for 2D Antenna Array MIMO Systems with Limited Feedback

Three-dimensional (3D) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems exploit spatial richness and provide another degree of freedom to transmit signals and eliminate spatial interference. Currently, however, there is no 3D codebook for two-dimensional (2D) antenna array MIMO systems with limited feedback. In this paper, based on the existing 2D codebook, we present a limited feedback and transmission scheme for 2D antenna array MIMO systems. In this scheme, the mobile station (MS) has imperfect channel knowledge, and the base station (BS) only acquires partial information relating the channel instantiation. MS must feed back two channel state information (CSI) instances, i.e., the horizontal and vertical CSIs. After receiving the two CSI instances, the BS interpolates a new vertical precoding vector using the vertical CSI. Then, the BS re-constructs a 3D beamforming vector using horizontal and vertical precoding vectors and compensates the reported horizontal channel quality indicator. System level simulation is employed, and the simulation results show that the proposed method improves the system spectral efficiency and the cell-edge SE significantly.     

多用户MIMO-OFDM系统低速率CSI反馈方法及信道容量分析

该文针对闭环多用户MIMO-OFDM系统提出一种基于线性预测的低速率CSI (Channel State Information)反馈方法。根据相关带宽将OFDM子载波划分成多个子带，移动台对每个子带的CSI作线性预测，并对预测误差进行量化编码后反馈给基站；基站使用相同的线性预测滤波器将反馈来的预测误差恢复成CSI，然后在每个子带上通过迫零-波束赋形实现多用户空间复用。同时，该文还在采用注水定理分配发射功率的条件下，从理论上分析了下行链路信道容量。数值仿真结果显示，每个反馈数据的实部或虚部仅用1bit量化时，本方法仍能够以较高的精度恢复CSI。与目前3GPP LTE标准所采用的基于码书的反馈方案相比，该方法能够在反馈开销相同情况下，有效地抑制同信道干扰，大幅提高系统容量。     

PSO Based Sum Rate Optimization for MU-MIMO Linear Precoder with Imperfect CSI

It is well known that if the perfect CSI is available at the BS, achieving the maximum sum throughput is equivalent to minimizing the product of mean square error matrix determinants (PDetMSE). Due to the presence of background noise in the estimated signal, the channel estimation errors are unavoidable. Hence, in this paper, it is assumed that the imperfect CSI is available at the BS and the channel estimation error variance is known at the transmitter. It is shown that maximizing the achievable sum rate is not exactly equal to minimizing the PDetMSE if the channel estimation error variance is included in the system design. Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is used here to solve the sum rate maximization problem under the imperfect CSI. The simulation results compare the proposed system, which considers the channel estimation error variance as an integral part of the system design, with an existing system which assumes the perfect CSI at the transmitter side.     

空间相关莱斯衰落信道下基于部分信道信息的多用户预编码与调度算法

在空间相关的莱斯衰落信道模型下,针对多用户MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)系统潜在的多用户分集增益和空间分集增益,该文提出了一种基于部分信道信息的多用户预编码与调度算法.结合部分瞬时信道信息和统计信息,利用约束最大似然估计对各用户信道矢量进行估计,然后利用估计的各用户信道调度多个用户进行预编码.仿真结果表明,该方案以较少的反馈开销,获得了较大的性能增益.     

MU-MISO Transmission with Limited Feedback

Downlink multi-user transmission techniques that allow several users to be served simultaneously in frequency and time have been recognized as a promising means to increase system capacity. However they require accurate channel state information (CSI) at the base station (BS) such that appropriate signal processing can be performed to separate multiple users in the space domain. In practice however, CSI cannot be perfectly known to the BS due to the capacity-limited feedback channel in FDD systems for instance. In this letter we investigate multiuser multiple-input single-output (MU-MISO) transmission with limited feedback. In particular we identify the useful information that the BS needs to deal with inter-user interference and a codebook design is derived accordingly. In addition, an adaptive threshold-based feedback approach is proposed, where only users with good feedback quality are allowed to do feedback. It is shown that the adaptive scheme can effectively improve the system performance given a fixed number of feedback bits.     

单频网多播系统中的开环半动态功率分配算法

在单频网多播传输中,传统的全反馈动态功率分配数算法需要根据每个时隙反馈的用户瞬时信道信息进行实时的调整,所以造成了资源分配频率快、上行反馈开销大的缺点。为了克服这个缺点,提出了一个低复杂度、没有用户反馈的单频网多播开环半动态功率分配算法。首先在各小区等功率分配的假设下,根据单频网的形状信息算出各小区等价信道增益,然后再根据这个增益值,实现满足速率需求情况下的各小区功率分配。仿真结果显示,与全反馈的动态功率分配算法相比,该算法以一小部分性能损失为代价,大大减少了单频网的上行反馈和资源分配的开销,因此更适用于实际的单频网多播系统。     

部分支撑集辅助的压缩感知CSI反馈方法

在频分双工大规模多输入多输出系统中,基于压缩感知的信道状态信息（CSI,channel state information）反馈方法因正确重构CSI小幅度元素的支撑集合造成巨大的反馈开销.为降低基于压缩感知的CSI反馈的开销,提出一种部分支撑集辅助的压缩感知CSI反馈方法.提出方法将CSI的一部分小幅度元素的支撑集与压缩CSI一同反馈回基站.基站无需重构反馈回基站的CSI小幅度元素的支撑集,压缩CSI所需的测量次数（反馈开销）得以极大降低.分析与仿真结果表明,相对于传统的基于CS的CSI反馈方法,提出方法在确保CSI重构精度与可达和速率情况下,能有效降低CSI反馈开销和CSI重构的计算复杂度.