离体乳腺正常组织、良性瘤及癌的自体荧光光谱

用４８８ｎｍ氩离子激光作激发光源,对乳腺正常组织、良性瘤及癌的离体组织标本进行了激光诱导组织自体荧光光谱分析。结果表明,三种不同性质的乳腺组织的自体荧光光谱之间有较明显的差异。这些光谱差异对于癌症的光谱诊断研究有一定的参考价值。     

血液对人体组织光谱的影响

利用激光诱导荧光技术研究了人的血液和动脉组织的自体荧光光谱,讨论了血液对人体组织荧光谱的影响。     

自体荧光诊断癌肿瘤

本文较全面地介绍了在激光的诱导下，利用生物组织的自体荧光光谱特性对多种癌肿瘤的诊断，并初步探讨了癌组织中自体荧光的来源。     

激光诱发荧光用于结肠肿瘤早期诊断

激光诱导荧光法（ＬａｓｅｒＩｎｄｕｃｅｄ Ｆｌｕｏｒｅｓｃｅｎｃｅ ＬＩＦ）利用生物组织的自体荧光特性判断组织性质,能实时、无损地提供组织信息,从而区分正常与病变组织。本文采用固体可调谐激光器Ｃｒ：ＬｉＣＡＦ作为激发光源,在３６０ｎｍ ～４１０ｎｍ 波段范围选择多种波长对结肠癌和结肠正常组织标本进行ＬＩＦ测试,找出了能诱导结肠正常组织与癌变组织产生最大荧光光谱差异的最佳激发波长,并对３１ 组正常组织与病变组织标本进行测式,结果表明结肠正常组织与癌变组织自体荧光光谱存在明显差异。     

激光诱导心血管自体荧光光谱测量与分析

对激光诱导心血管自体荧光光谱进行了实验测量。分析了动脉粥样硬化斑块区与正常区在自体荧光光谱上的差异，这种差异源于组织不同的光学特性参数，并与组织中血液组分对荧光辐射的吸收有关。由于这种差异是固有的，因而可作为心血管病变区域诊断的依据。     

紫外激光诱导CAG组织的自体荧光的研究

本文首次用紫外激光诱导组织的自体荧光法，测量了慢性萎缩性胃炎组织和正常组织３１５ｎｍ－６００ｎｍ波段的自体荧光，实验结果表明，ＣＡＧ组织的荧光光谱不同于正常组的荧光光谱。根据它们之间的区别，有可能从正常组织中区出ＣＡＧ组织，为诊断ＣＡＧ和胃癌提供有力依据。     

紫外激光诱导胃癌组织自体荧光的研究

本文测量了紫外激光（３０８ｎｍ）激发诱导正常组织和胃癌组织３１５ｎｍ－６００ｎｍ波段的自体荧光，发现胃癌组织在此荧光光谱不同于正常组织的荧光光谱。根据两者４的区别，可以把胃癌组织从正常组织中区分出来，这为诊断胃癌提供了一个新的思路。     

结肠肿瘤组织自体荧光光谱体内测试

用氮分子激光（３３７ｎｍ）对８９例结肠镜检测异常病例进行体内激光诱发自体荧光测试,得到了与体外测试一致的结果。选取多个特征参数进行结肠正常组织与癌变组织的自体荧光光谱比较,找到了癌变组织区别于正常组织的光谱特征。据此得出结论：结肠正常组织与癌变组织自体荧光光谱存在明显差异,可以作为一种无创伤内镜下恶性病变的筛选分析方法,在指导内镜活检方面具有良好的应用前景。     

血清自体荧光—共振喇曼光谱的小波分析方法

本文在介绍激光透导血甭自体荧光－－共振喇曼光谱用于癌症诊断的物理学依据的基础上,详细过论了利用小波理论对激光诱导血清自体荧光－－共振喇曼光谱进行分析,撮用于癌症检测与分类特征的方法。     

自体荧光和肿瘤的光谱诊断研究进展

组织的自体荧光可用于肿瘤的光谱诊断。用不同波长的激光激发组织获得不同的自体荧光光谱特征。它们分别起源于蛋白质（色氨酸）、卟啉－蛋白的能量转移、以及内源卟啉的荧光等。通过促进卟啉的生物合成,可以增强自体荧光;采用时间门光谱技术,可以提高自体荧光诊断的灵敏度。光诱导的荧光变化的探测可以提供光动力产生的单态氧和以卟啉为基础的光动力治疗效率的信息。     

Quantitative laser scanning confocal autofluorescence microscopy ofnormal, premalignant, and malignant colonic tissues

Laser scanning confocal autofluorescence microscopy (LSCAM) using 351- to 364-nm excitation light was used to quantitatively compare fluorescent spectral emission of unstained, frozen histological sections of normal, premalignant, and malignant colonic tissues. To identify the spatial origins of fluorescent signals accurately, the same frozen section slides used for microscopy were fixed and histochemically stained immediately following LSCAM imaging. Tissue fluorescence emission was quantified in terms of the intrinsic fluorescence coefficient beta (lambda), defined as the fluorescence power per unit tissue volume per unit wavelength (centered at lambda) divided by the incident light irradiance. Over all emission wavelengths, colonic tissues emitted autofluorescence ranging from beta (lambda) approximately 10(-1.5) to 10(-3.0) cm-1. In the 530- to 610-nm spectral region, markedly increased autofluorescence (beta up to 10(-2.5)) was observed in the dysplastic cells of adenomatous polyps, as compared to normal epithelial cells. Compared to adenomatous polyps, decreased dysplastic cell autofluorescence was observed in adenocarcinoma. The brightest fluorescence in the lamina propria, which was attributed to eosinophils (beta approximately 10(-2.5)) in previous studies, was also observed in other granular structures (beta up to 10(-1.4)). LSCAM reveals quantitative significant differences in fluorescence emission between normal and diseased colonic tissues.     

用漫反射光谱校正组织自体荧光光谱的研究

利用漫反射光谱所含信息来消除组织对自体荧光散射和吸收的影响，从而提取出组织的固有荧光光谱。利用蒙特卡罗（MC）方法分析组织的荧光失真因数曲线和漫反射光谱之间的关系，发现两者的曲线形状基本相同，并以胃肠正常和癌变组织的漫反射光谱来校正实验获得的自体荧光（LIAF）光谱。最终得到的固有荧光光谱体出了组织的生化信息变化。     

激光与生物组织热相互作用的多层结构模型

考虑生物组织的热物性非均匀性 ,建立激光与生物组织热相互作用的多层结构模型 ,探讨无相变时生物组织中的热量传递规律。通过Laplace变换得出两层结构模型中组织温度分布的精确解 ,考察生物组织表面的温度变化规律 ,由此预测组织达到气化所需的时间和热损伤区域的大小。研究表明 ,组织热物性非均匀性考虑与否所引起的温度预测结果有明显差异     

370nm激光在结肠癌变早期诊断上的应用研究

本文利用Ｃｒ：ＬｉＣＡＦ可调谐激光器,经ＢＢＯ晶体倍频,获得了８ｍＪ、３４ｎｓ、３７０ｎｍ的巨脉冲激光;并利用３７０ｎｍ激光激发离体结肠癌组织和正常组织进行组织的自体荧光实验,并作了对比和分析,获得了对结肠癌变的早期诊断的很有价值的荧光光谱。     

Malignant tumor and atherosclerotic plaque diagnosis usinglaser-induced fluorescence

A review of tissue diagnostics using laser-induced fluorescence is given with illustrations chosen from work performed by the authors' group. Two major topics are considered: the demarcation of malignant tumors from normal surrounding tissue and the identification of atherosclerotic regions in arteries. Specific fluorescence from injected agents and tissue natural autofluorescence are discussed. Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence can be utilized. Original data showing immunity to blood interference in artery monitoring are presented. Imaging techniques for diseased tissue real-time visualization are discussed and illustrated     

Morphological model of human colon tissue fluorescence

Fluorescence spectroscopy of tissue is a promising technique for early detection of precancerous changes in the human body. Investigation of the microscopic origin of the clinically observed tissue fluorescence can provide valuable information about the tissue's histology. The objective of this study was the development of a morphological model of colon tissue fluorescence which connects the clinically observed spectra with their underlying microscopic origins. Clinical colon tissue fluorescence spectra were modeled by measuring the intrinsic fluorescence properties of colon tissue on a microscopic level and by simulating light propagation in tissue using the Monte-Carlo method. The computed spectra were in good agreement with the clinical spectra acquired during colonoscopy, and exhibited the characteristic spectral features of the in vivo collected spectra. The authors' analysis quantitated these spectral features in terms of the intrinsic fluorescence properties of tissue and its general histological characteristics. The fluorescence intensity difference between normal and adenoma observed in vivo was found to be due to the increased hemoglobin absorption, the reduced mucosal fluorescence intensity, and the absence of submucosal fluorescence in adenomatous polyps. The increased red fluorescence in adenoma was found to be associated with the dysplastic crypt cell fluorescence     

鼠类移植癌肿的自体荧光研究

一、引言 本报道用氙离子激光作激发光源,对4只正常昆明小白鼠、5只SD大白鼠和4只正常BALB/C裸鼠以及4只移植S-180平滑肌肉瘤的昆明小白鼠,12只移植人胃癌、肝癌和肺癌的BALB/0裸鼠作了皮肤、胃粘膜,肝脏和移植瘤的自体荧光的光谱分析,发现大白鼠和小白鼠的胃粘膜在690nm/(±20nm)处有荧光峰出现,小白鼠的移植瘤在630nm(±20nm)处有荧光峰,而皮肤则无。裸鼠皮肤和胃粘膜在690nm处有荧光峰,而移植瘤在630nm和690     

Laser induced fluorescence attenuation spectroscopy: detection of hypoxia

The development of a new laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy technique for the measurement of the attenuation spectrum of tissue is described. The technique, termed laser-induced fluorescence attenuation spectroscopy (LIFAS), has been applied to study the effects of hypoxia on the in vivo optical properties of renal and myocardial tissue in the 350-600-nm band. Excimer laser (Xe-Cl) is used to excite a small volume of the tissue (rabbit model, N = 20) and induce autofluorescence. The emitted LIF is monitored fiberoptically at two locations that are unevenly displaced about the fluorescing volume. The optical attenuation of the tissue is calculated from the dual LIF measurements by assuming an exponential decay of the fluorescence with distance. The results indicate that hypoxia modulates the attenuation spectrum leading to characteristic changes in its shape. Primarily, the spectral profile becomes more concave between 455 nm and 505 nm and two spectral peaks at about 540 and 580 nm disappear leaving in their place a single peak at about 555 nm. The attenuation spectra of normoxic and hypoxic tissue are used to train partial least squares multivariate model for spectral classification. The model detected acute renal and myocardial hypoxia with an accuracy greater than 90% (range: 90%-96%) and 74% (range: 74%-90%), respectively.