不同形貌TiO2微晶光催化降解甲基橙的研究

分别以钛酸正丁酯和四氯化钛为前驱体,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)、十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMCS)为形状控制剂,利用溶胶-凝胶法制备不同形貌的TiO2微晶,并以甲基橙为模型化合物考察其光催化活性.XRD分析结果表明焙烧温度为500℃时所得TiO2均为锐钛型晶相.UV-vis分析表明加表面活性剂时所制备TiO2微晶吸收发生红移,带隙能下降.加SDS时所得立方形TiO2微晶的光催化活性高于其他样品.焙烧温度为600℃时TiO2微晶光催化活性最强,对甲基橙的降解速率最快.     

Bi_2O_3/TiO_2纳米复合物的微波合成及光催化性质

以硝酸铋和硫酸钛为原料,通过直接投料微波辐射水解合成法制备了掺铋TiO2纳米复合物,并用XRD、TEM进行了表征。结果表明,直接投料摩尔比为1∶10掺铋TiO2纳米复合物,经500℃热处理后晶型为锐钛矿型,粒径为6～10nm。以催化降解甲基橙来考察其光催化活性,结果表明所制备的纳米复合物是一个好的催化剂。研究了Bi3+的掺杂量、热处理温度、催化剂用量对掺铋TiO2纳米复合物光催化性能的影响。当催化剂用量为1g/L时,2mg/L的甲基橙溶液在紫外光辐射30min后,降解率达到97%。该复合物对甲基橙溶液的光催化降解符合一级动力学方程。     

大孔TiO_2-ZnO复合纳米材料的制备及其性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法和胶态晶体模板法,制备了大孔TiO2-ZnO复合纳米材料。其晶相结构和形貌特征采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透视电子显微镜(TEM)进行了表征,并以甲基橙为降解对象,对其光催化活性进行了研究。结果表明,采用无皂乳液聚合法得到的聚苯乙烯(PS)微球粒径均匀,为900nm。以紧密堆积的PS胶态晶体为模板,制得的TiO2-ZnO复合纳米材料的大孔孔径约为900nm,孔壁厚度约为20nm。XRD结果显示,材料中的TiO2为锐钛矿型。光催化降解结果表明,大孔TiO2-ZnO复合纳米材料对甲基橙降解1.5h后降解率可达91.3%,与普通的TiO2-ZnO纳米粉体材料相比提高了11.2%.     

锐钛型纳米TiO_2光催化性能的研究

以TiCl4为原料,采用沸腾回流强迫水解法制备纳米TiO2,用XRD、TEM对粉体进行表征。采用甲基橙溶液进行光催化降解试验,研究了TiO2的煅烧温度、添加量以及溶液的初始pH值对光催化性能的影响。实验结果表明,当溶液pH=2,TiO2煅烧温度为600℃,添加量为0.8 g/L,光催化75 min甲基橙的脱色率为90.87%。     

铁、镧共掺杂纳米TiO2可见光催化性能研究

通过溶胶-凝胶(Sol-Gel)法制备了铁、镧共掺杂纳米TiO2,采用X线衍射仪(XRD)、X线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)和荧光分光光度计(FL)等测试手段对样品进行表征。结果表明,500℃煅烧后的掺杂TiO2均呈锐钛矿型,平均粒径为6.1nm,掺杂抑制了TiO2粒径的长大,掺杂的Fe3+、La3+能有效进入TiO2晶格。掺杂使TiO2的吸收带边红移且在可见光区的光吸收增强,样品的荧光强度越小,催化效果越好。可见光光催化降解甲基橙实验结果表明,可见光照射5h,最佳共掺杂的0.01%Fe/0.6%La-TiO2对甲基橙的降解率达40.7%。     

具有紫外-可见光催化性能的片状SnO_2/ZnO复合物的制备（英文）

以氯化锌、氯化锡和氢氧化钠为反应物,通过前驱体煅烧法成功制得了片状单分散SnO_2/ZnO复合物。用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)及紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)等多种手段对产物进行表征。以甲基橙(MO)和亚甲基蓝(MB)为目标降解物,研究了紫外-可见光照下所制SnO_2/ZnO复合物的光催化活性。实验结果显示,SnO_2/ZnO复合物较纯ZnO表现出了更高的光催化活性。SnO_2与ZnO的摩尔比为1∶3时,复合物光催化降解甲基橙的活性最高;SnO_2与ZnO的摩尔比为1∶4时,复合物光催化降解亚甲基蓝的效果最好。同时,SnO_2/ZnO复合光催化剂还具有良好的循环使用稳定性。SnO_2/ZnO复合物的优异性能主要归因于SnO_2与ZnO间的协同效应。     

纳米TiO_2光催化降解次甲基蓝的影响因素研究

以TiCl4为原料,采用水解沉淀法,并在空气气氛下于不同温度煅烧2h,制备得到纳米TiO2。采用XRD、TEM及UV-Vis对样品进行表征。在卤钨灯照射下,研究了不同煅烧温度、不同pH值以及H2O2的加入等因素对TiO2光催化降解次甲基蓝的影响。结果表明:以水解沉淀法制备的纳米TiO2,随煅烧温度的提高,在600℃开始向金红石相转变,1000℃时全部转变为金红石相,并且TiO2粒子长大,吸收带边向长波方向移动。锐钛矿相与金红石相共存的纳米TiO2比纯锐钛矿相和金红石相有更优异的光催化活性,在卤钨灯下照射90min,对次甲基蓝的降解率达到97%。     

熔盐法合成BiFeO3粉体及其可见光光催化性能研究

以Bi2O3和Fe2O3为原料,NaCl和Na2SO4为熔盐,采用熔盐法合成了BiFeO3粉体,研究了合成温度和保温时间对合成粉体物相的影响,探讨了熔盐法合成BiFeO3粉体的形成过程。通过对甲基橙的降解,研究了合成BiFeO3粉体的可见光光催化性能。结果表明:在750℃的合成温度下保温30 min时,淬火后可得到几乎为BiFeO3纯相的粉体;相应合成的粉体具有最佳的可见光光催化性能,可见光光照120 min后,其对甲基橙的降解率达62.5%。     

石墨烯对TiO_2纳米材料性能的影响

以天然鳞片石墨为原料,采用改进的Hummers法并结合水热法制备TiO2-石墨烯(TiO2-rGO)复合光催化材料。采用TEM,XRD,Raman,FTIR和UV-VIS DRS等方法对其特性进行了表征,以光催化降解亚甲基蓝(MB)研究了石墨烯的引入对TiO2纳米材料光催化性能的影响。结果表明,TiO2纳米颗粒均匀分布在石墨烯表面,并通过Ti—O—C键与石墨烯紧密结合;与石墨烯结合的TiO2在紫外和可见光区吸收明显增强,吸收边发生了红移;当石墨烯的质量分数为10%时,TiO2-rGO复合材料在紫外光和可见光照下,对MB降解120 min的降解率分别达到90.4%和75.9%,其光催化能力与TiO2相比有明显提高。     

Ag/S/C共掺杂纳米TiO2的制备与光催化活性

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Ag/S/C共掺杂纳米TiO2,用于光催化降解气相乙醛.XRD分析结果表明掺杂纳米TiO2均为锐钛型晶相,BET测试表明它们具有较高的比表面积.UV-vis吸收表明S和C掺杂能明显降低TiO2的能隙宽度,而Ag 对此作用较小.Ag 掺杂能促进光生电子-空穴对的分离,从而提高光催化活性.Ag-S-C-TiO2-1催化剂的催化活性高于其它样品,在焙烧温度500℃,Ti∶Ag 摩尔比100∶1,Ti∶SCN-摩尔比1∶4时催化活性最强.Ag/S/C掺杂TiO2光催化活性除受前驱体影响外,还由于其晶相为锐钛型,并且比表面积高,能隙宽度低,因此有良好的光催化活性.     

Preparation of erbium ion-doped TiO2 films and the study of their photocatalytic activity under simulated solar light

A series of erbium ion-doped TiO₂ (Er³⁺-TiO₂) films were prepared by a sol-gel dip/spin coating method, and the effect of the dosage of erbium ion (0-2.0 mol%), the films coating layers (1-5 layers), and calcination temperature (400-700℃) on the film structure and photocatalytic activity were investigated in detail. The films were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal analysis (TG-DTG) and UV-Vis diffusive reflectance spectra (DRS). The results showed that the films were composed of anatase, and no other TiO₂ phases (rutile and brookite). With the increase of the erbium ion dosage, the crystal size decreased. Erbium ion doping could enhance the thermal stability of TiO₂ and inhibit the increase of the crystallite size. Meanwhile doping of erbium ions gave rise to three typical absorption peaks within the range of visible light (400-700 nm), locating at 490, 523, and 654 nm, attributed to the transition of 4f electrons. The higher calcination temperature led to higher crystallinity and bigger crystal grains. The photocatalytic performance of the films was evaluated by degradation of methyl orange solution under simulated solar light. The highest quality film we prepared was with 4 layers, 1.0 mol% dosage of erbium ion, and the calcination temperature of 500℃. With this film, the degradation percentage of 7.8 mg/L methyl orange solution was up to 53.3% under simulated solar light after 6 h photoreaction.     

掺Pb的TiO2纳米功能材料的制备及其光催化性能

采用溶胶－凝胶法制备了掺Pb的摩尔比分别为0.5%、1%、3%、5%、7%、10%的改性TiO2纳米粒子，并利用XRD和UV－VIS检测技术对所制得的样品进行了表征，考察了焙烧温度和掺Pb量对材料组成、结构和光学性质的影响；另外，以模拟太阳光下苯酚的光催化降解为模型反应，对Pb改性的TiO2纳米粒子的光催化活性进行了评价，考察了掺Pb量对材料催化性能的影响。结果表明，掺入适量的Pb后，TiO2纳米粒子的光催化活 性得到较大的提高，这可能是由于Pb进入TiO2晶格中生长成了新相PbxTi1-xO2，从而使材料的光响应范围向可见光区移动，提高了对可见光的利用率。本实验表明，掺Pb的摩尔比为3％的改性TiO2纳米粒子的光催化活性最高。     

Ag/TiO2/WO3 nanoparticles with efficient visible light photocatalytic activity

A simple strategy for synthesizing Ag decorated TiO2/WO3 composite nanoparticles by sol-gel method used as recyclable photocatalyst is introduced. The photocatalytic efficiency to the degradation of methyl blue (MB) by Ag/TiO2/WO3 nanoparticles is studied under ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) light irradiation. It shows that the photocatalytic efficiency of Ag/TiO2/WO3 photocatalyst achieves 96% in 20 min, which is 16 times higher than that of pristine TiO2 at the same conditions. The Ag/TiO2/WO3 photocatalyst can still reach the degradation rate of 90% in the fifth degradation experiment, indicating a good stability and photocatalytic activity.     

Solvothermal synthesis of Bi2O3/BiVO4 heterojunction with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performances

Novel, three-dimensional, flower-like Bi2O3/BiVO4 heterojunction photocatalysts have been prepared by the combination of homogeneous precipitation and two-step solvothermal method followed by thermal solution of NaOH etching process. The as-obtained samples were fully characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, and UV-vis diffusereflectance spectroscopy in detail. The crystallinity, microstructure, specific surface area, optical property and photocatalytic activity of samples greatly changed depending on solvothermal reaction time. The photocatalytic activities of samples were evaluated on the degradation of methyl orange (MO) under visible-light irradiation. The Bi2O3/BiVO4 exhibited much higher photocatalytic activities than pure BiVO4 and conventional TiO2 (P25). The result revealed that the three-dimensional heterojunction played a critical role in the separation of the electron and hole pairs and enhancement of the interfacial charge transfer efficiency, which was responsible for the enhanced photocatalytic activity.     

石英基多层纳米TiO2-FeOOH复合材料的制备和 显微结构的表征

以石英玻璃片为基底,利用自组装技术在TiCl4-HCl体系中生长纳米TiO2,与在Fe(NO3)3-HNO3体系中生长纳米FeOOH制备负载型多层不同层序FeOOH-TiO2纳米复合薄膜光催化材料.高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)表征结果显示:复合膜由纳米锐钛矿和针铁矿构成.UV-Vis表征结果显示:TiO2与FeOOH间的复合使TiO2吸收带均发生一定程度的红移,其中FeOOH/TiO2/FeOOH/TiO2和FeOOH/TiO2/FeOOH复合薄膜的吸收带分别为490 nm和498 nm;在以罗丹明B溶液为模拟废水的光催化实验中发现:负载FeOOH/TiO2/FeOOH/TiO2和FeOOH/TiO2/FeOOH的两种复合薄膜材料的光催化效果最佳;并且FeOOH膜在复合膜最外层比TiO2膜在最外层时光解效率高.具有一定吸附能力的针铁矿薄膜与TiO2薄膜的复合优化了复合膜内部微孔结构,促进两者间形成了积极地吸附-光催化耦合增强效应.     

Preparation and characterization of TiO2 thin film by thermal oxidation of sputtered Ti film

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) thin films were successfully prepared on quartz substrate by thermal oxidation of sputtered titanium film in air. The structure, composition, morphology and optical properties of oxidized TiO₂ films were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and UV-visible spectroscopy. Meanwhile, the photocatalytic activity of the films was evaluated on the basis of the degradation of methyl orange solution under UV irradiation. Ti films after oxidation present mainly in TiO₂ form with a larger amount of adsorbed O₂, and oxidation temperature has a strong impact on the crystal structure and properties of the films. A phase transformation of anatase to rutile for oxidized TiO₂ films occurred in the temperature range of 700–800 °C. The energy band gap of oxidized TiO₂ films decreased first and then increased with annealing temperature. Furthermore, TiO₂ film oxidized at 600 °C exhibited the best photocatalytic activity due to suitable crystal phase and size. These results might contribute to the synthesis of metal oxide thin films with expectant structural morphology and properties by thermal oxidation methods.