位置敏感探测器受杂光干扰特性的研究

介绍了位置敏感探测器(PSD)的结构、工作原理及在稳定背景杂散光干扰下的位置输出方程,同时介绍了消除稳定背景杂散光的方法、措施和实验结果。结果表明,线位移测量分辨力可达到2μm。     

位置敏感探测器光斑脱靶误差补偿方法研究

为了提高位置敏感探测器(PSD)的位置检测范围,解决光斑在探测器光敏面脱靶时无法准确定位光斑的问题,提出一种光斑脱靶误差补偿方法,分析了脱靶前后PSD检测光斑能量重心变化规律,建立了PSD光强信号与位置检测误差间的函数关系。实验结果表明:当PSD光敏面尺寸为12mm×12mm时,对于半径为5mm的高斯光斑,通过所提出的光斑补偿方案补偿后PSD的X轴检测范围提高了66.7%,位置检测平均相对误差不超过5%,该方法对提高PSD位置检测性能具有重要的意义。     

位置敏感探测器的响应时间分析

位置敏感探测器(PSD)的响应时间直接影响其动态探测入射光位置的准确性.分析了电势堆积现象,以四边形二维PSD为例,建立了PSD响应时间的仿真模型,分析了对响应时间的影响因素.结果表明,PSD响应时间随着光敏面大小、p型层电阻值以及级间电容的增大而同比例增大;在PSD器件的结构参数和物性参数不变的情况下,光源入射能量与器件的响应时间无关.     

位置敏感光电探测器

位置敏感光电探测器具有广泛的用途，介绍了器件的工作原理，输出信号的位置表达式及各种不同几何图形，等效电路，位置线性度和清晰度等参数性能，存在的缺点，以及不同几何结构的器件性能比较。     

光电位置敏感探测器及其应用

综述了位置敏感探测器的应用及其工作原理，介绍了位置敏感探测器的研究动态，并展望了其发展前景。     

位置敏感探测器的动态响应误差分析

针对光源连续扫捕位置敏感器（PSD）时产生的动态响应误差随扫描条件不同发生的变化，基于一维PSD动态响应模型，建立光源扫描照射下的PSD动态响应误差模型，仿真分析得到了不同扫描起点位置和速度下的PSD动态响应误差分布5个特点，建立了一维PSD动态响应误差的估算模型。通过对4种常用的一维PSD器件进行仿真，验证了估算模型的正确性。     

半导体位置敏感探测器新型结构研究

在分析半导体光电位置敏感探测器(PSD)二维枕形结构特性的基础上,采用光敏面与边缘区域分别注入不同离子剂量的方法,研究了一种PSD新型结构,这种结构的PSD边缘采用了带宽很窄的正方形状的离子注入电阻带形式,输出电极附加了一个较小的正方形框架作为阳极,通过在PSD边缘电阻带中注入较高离子剂量的元素,改变PSD边缘电阻带的电阻和有效感光面区域电阻的比值;实验模拟结果显示:新型结构的PSD可获得较高的位置分辨率、较大的有效光敏面积以及较小的非线性。     

一种二维近红外枕形Si基位置敏感探测器研制

建立一种新的Si基位置敏感探测器（PSD）光生电流理论模型,导出了PSD的光生电流、光谱灵敏度的表达式;研究了PSD光敏面各层厚度和SiO2薄膜厚度对PSD波长响应灵敏度的影响,认为p层的厚度主要影响PSD在短波段的响应度,而耗尽层对PSD的中长波响应有着很大的影响;设计并制造了二维近红外枕形PSD,对其进行实际测试,其光谱响应峰值波长为920nm,灵敏度达到0．626A／W。     

位置敏感探测器测量电路噪声分析

位置敏感探测器（PSD）的特点是位置测量分辨力高,测量装置建立简单,测量结果比较直观。对PSD测量电路等效噪声进行测试分析,获得一系列模拟结果,明确了电路噪声是影响位置测量分辨力的重要因素。以一维PSD器件S3932为例,按照建立的模拟模型,得出要获得1μm的位置分辨力,器件的工作光电流应大于7μA,该模拟结果可以作为PSD测量电路设计的一个重要参考。     

A new position sensing X-ray detector: working principle andexperimental results

The working principle and the first experimental characterization of a new fully depleted X-ray detector, called controlled-drift detector (CDD), are presented. The detector is operated in integrate-readout mode. During the integration phase the signal electrons generated by the incident X-ray are stored in suitably engineered potential wells. During the readout phase the potential wells are removed and replaced by a uniform drift field that transports the signal electrons to the readout electrode. The drift time gives the position of incidence. Full depletion of the detector wafer allows for high X-ray efficiency and for backward illumination. The first experimental measurements demonstrate the fast readout of the integrated signal electrons achievable with a static drift field. At a drift field of 300 V/cm the measured readout speed is 0.35 cm/μs. The expected charge handling capacity is 10⁵-10⁶ electrons per pixel. The new detector provides unambiguous two-dimensional (2-D) position measurement with readout times of the order of 10 μs     

基于广义特征值的合作频谱感知方法

现有的基于特征值的合作频谱感知方法要求认知用户各感知节点接收到的授权用户信号具有相关性。针对这个问题,提出了一种基于广义特征值的合作频谱感知方法。该方法利用过去不存在授权用户的感知周期采样协方差矩阵与当前感知周期采样协方差矩阵之间的最大广义特征值(MGED,maximum generalized eigenvalue de-tection)作为检验统计量,以此判决当前感知周期是否存在授权用户信号,从而实现频谱感知。所提方法不需要授权用户信号和噪声功率的先验信息。当认知用户各感知节点上的授权用户信号不相关时,现有的基于特征值的频谱感知方法均失效,而所提频谱感知方法仍然具有较高的检测性能。最后仿真验证了所提方法的有效性。     

弱光位敏探测器

提出卫种新型弱光位敏探测器，总结了该器件理论分析设计，给出了实验结果，并与传统光电倍增管比较了优缺点。     

DC SQUID-based position detector for gravitational experiments

Experiments like the test of the weak equivalence principle at the Bremen drop-tower, Germany, and STEP (Satellite Test of the Equivalence Principle) require a position detector with an extremely high resolution to measure tiny displacements of free falling test bodies.In order to develop a SQUID position detector numerous configurations of test bodies and pick-up coils with different geometries were tested experimentally. As a function of the position of the test body the inductance of the pick-up coil was measured with a commercial LCR meter as well as with a LTS DC SQUID system. This SQUID system, which is developed and manufactured at the Jena University, provides high sensitivity and extremely low intrinsic noise, especially at low frequencies.This contribution will also discuss some recent results in measuring the motion of one body during its free fall over 109 m at the Bremen drop-tower.     

神经网络在光电位置坐标传感器中的应用

光电位置敏感器件(PSD)是一种可直接对其光敏面上的光斑进行检测的光电器件,基于PSD可以构成多种非接触的高精度动态位移监测仪器.在PSD器件使用中的一个关键问题是如何克服器件本身的非线性,以提高监测的精度和可靠性.提出一种基于神经网络的PSD非线性补偿方法,利用神经网络具有逼近任意非线性函数的特点,通过训练使神经网络建立在PSD输出与其理想值之间的非线性映射关系,实现PSD非线性补偿.计算机仿真表明,该方法不仅能有效地消除非线性的影响,而且能在神经网络的输出端得到期望的线性输出.     

Photodetectors based on two dimensional materials

Two-dimensional (2D) materials with unique properties have received a great deal of attention in recent years. This family of materials has rapidly established themselves as intriguing building blocks for versatile nanoelectronic devices that offer promising potential for use in next generation optoelectronics, such as photodetectors. Furthermore, their optoelectronic performance can be adjusted by varying the number of layers. They have demonstrated excellent light absorption, enabling ultrafast and ultrasensitive detection of light in photodetectors, especially in their single-layer structure. Moreover, due to their atomic thickness, outstanding mechanical flexibility, and large breaking strength, these materials have been of great interest for use in flexible devices and strain engineering. Toward that end, several kinds of photodetectors based on 2D materials have been reported. Here, we present a review of the state-of-the-art in photodetectors based on graphene and other 2D materials, such as the graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, and so on.     

Non-reconstruction compressive detector for wideband spectrum sensing based on GLRT

Spectrum sensing is an essential ability to detect spectral holes in cognitive radio (CR) networks. The critical challenge to spectrum sensing in the wideband frequency range is how to sense quickly and accurately. Compressive sensing(CS) theory can be employed to detect signals from a small set of non-adaptive, linear measurements without fully recovering the signal. However, the existing compressive detectors can only detect some known deterministic signals and it is not suitable for the time-varying amplitude signal, such as spectrum sensing signals in CR networks. First, a model of signal detect is proposed by utilizing compressive sampling without signal recovery, and then the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) detection algorithm of the time-varying amplitude signal is derived in detail. Finally, the theoretical detection performance bound and the computation complexity are analyzed. The comparison between the theory and simulation results of signal detection performance over Rayleigh and Rician channel demonstrates the validity of the performance bound. Compared with the reconstructed spectrum sensing detection algorithm, the proposed algorithm greatly reduces the data volume and algorithm complexity for the signal with random amplitudes.