高效率常温远红外辐射涂层

用过渡金属氧化物ＭｎＯ２、ＦｅＯ３、ＣｕＯ、ＣＯ２Ｏ３等为主要原料，掺入少量杂质，采用传统的电子陶瓷工艺，制备出红外陶瓷粉料，然后选择合适的粘合剂与粉料混合，调制成常温远红外辐射浆料，涂覆在织物上烘干，在４０℃下测得其法向全发射率为８７％。     

聚氨酯基红外-激光兼容隐身涂层性能研究

以三氧化二铬包覆片状铝粉粒子(Al/Cr2O3)为填料,聚碳酸酯基水性聚氨酯为粘合剂,涂敷于玻璃片上,自然干燥制得涂层。研究了粘合剂、填料及它们的加入量对涂层红外发射率和激光反射性能的影响。采用红外发射率测量仪和可调谐CO2激光器测试涂层在8～14μm红外发射率和10.6μm激光反射性能。结果表明:使用的粘合剂较普通水性聚氨酯发射率低,固定粘合剂量,改变填料加入量,涂层在8～14μm波段发射率和10.6μm激光的反射性能都随着包覆粒子的增加而减小,当加入量达到30%时,涂层的红外发射率可以降低至0.688,激光反射能量降至初始入射能量的1%,且涂层综合物理性能良好,达到红外—激光兼容隐身的要求。     

改性聚乙烯作为低红外辐射材料的研究

采用正交实验法制备了不同接枝率的高密度聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐(HDPE-g-MAH).测试了改性聚合物的红外透明性、红外发射率(8～14 μm)、相变潜热及其涂膜的力学性能.结果表明,HDPE-g-MAH有较高的红外透明性;随着接枝率的增加,其发射率先减小后增大,涂膜力学性能先变好后变差,当接枝率为1.05%时,发射率最低为0.250,附着力为2级、铅笔硬度为5H;HDPE改性后相变潜热由141.5 J/g增大到20278J/g.根据极差分析得到了最优方案,制得的粘合剂可作为低红外发射率兼有控温功能的红外隐身材料.     

低红外发射率复合涂层最佳颜料含量模拟方法

研究了一种可用于低红外发射率复合涂层最佳颜料含量模拟的方法.基于低红外发射率复合涂层的微结构特征,引入一维光子结构的相关理论以模拟计算低红外发射率复合涂层的最佳颜料含量.为验证上述方法的可行性,采用片状铝粉为颜料,聚氨酯为粘合剂制备了两种低红外发射率聚氨酯(PU)/铝(Al)复合涂层.分别采用模拟计算和实验验证的方法对...     

EPDM基涂层在8～14μm波段红外低发射率的研究

以三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)为粘合剂,通过优化填料的种类、用量和形貌制备了在8～14 μm波段红外发射率为0.14的EPDM/Cu、EPDM/SS涂层.分别对涂层进行红外发射率、反射率、导电率测试,并采用红外吸收光谱(IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)对其进行结构、形貌表征,从涂层反射、电导率、化学结构、微观形貌等角度分析了涂层低发射率的形成机理.对低发射率涂层样品进行耐温性、附着力,硬度等测试表明该涂层的工程应用性能优良.     

新型热红外伪装涂料用填料中空微珠性能研究

分析了温度对涂层发射率的影响，并据此重点研究了一种新型热红外伪装涂料用填料——中空微珠——的常规使用性能、降温效果以及对涂层发射率的影响。研究认为，中空微殊用量小于20％、粒径为200目左右时常规使用性能最好。60目的中空微殊降温效果最好，而且当其用量小于20％时，中空微珠对涂层的发射率基本没有影响。     

高发射率红外涂料进展

研制了高发射率红外涂料,2.5～25μm内其总发射率可达91％;在650℃的光谱发射率ε_λ=75～90％。其性能近似于灰体。将涂料与无机高温粘接剂混合涂在电阻加热炉的内壁上。在加热升温过程(250～1100℃)明显缩短时间,在4kW电炉上节时效率为25％左右,具有显著节能效果。     

Ca~(2+)、Y~(3+)共掺杂CeO2对其发射率性能影响

本文通过共沉淀法,以草酸为沉淀剂,Ca~(2+)、Y~(3+)共掺杂CeO_2来降低其高温下红外发射率,并且Ce_(0.8)Y_(0.15)Ca_(0.05)O_(2-δ)粉体发射率最低,最小值为0.271。再用两种不同沉淀剂KOH及NH_4HCO_3分别合成Ce_(0.8)Y_(0.15)Ca_(0.05)O_(2-δ)粉体,所得结果可知,KOH为沉淀剂所合成的Ce_(0.8)Y_(0.15)Ca_(0.05)O_(2-δ)粉体发射率最低,最低值为0.223。通过γ射线辐照处理Ce_(0.8)Y_(0.15)Ca_(0.05)O_(2-δ)粉体,可使其最低发射率由0.271降至0.187。     

PS基低发射率涂层的制备与性能研究

选择苯乙烯为粘结剂,漂浮性片状铝粉(约为15μm)为填料,用简单的流延自成膜法制备了低发射率红外隐身涂层;研究了溶剂种类和填料质量分数对涂层红外发射率的影响,并对涂层的物相和微观形貌进行了表征.研究结果表明:二甲苯为溶剂时涂层发射率最低为0.511;而在苯乙烯为溶剂时铝粉显示出更好的漂浮性,涂层发射率可低至0.314....     

热处理对氧化铈粉体3～5μm波段红外发射率的影响

在600℃以内,氧化铈粉体在3～5 μm波段的红外发射率随着测试温度的升高而降低.通过设计关于热处理的正交实验和单因素实验,发现采用以4℃/min的升温速率升至1300℃保温4h后,氧化铈粉体在常温下的发射率最低,可降至0.37;测试温度升至600℃时,发射率则可降至0.3,可以考虑作为发动机用红外低发射率耐高温涂层的...     

Technique for forming ITO films with a controlled refractive index

A new method for fabricating transparent conducting coatings based on indium-tin oxide (ITO) with a controlled refractive index is proposed. This method implies the successive deposition of material by electron-beam evaporation and magnetron sputtering. Sputtered coatings with different densities (and, correspondingly, different refractive indices) can be obtained by varying the ratio of the mass fractions of material deposited by different methods. As an example, films with effective refractive indices of 1.2, 1.4, and 1.7 in the wavelength range of 440–460 nm are fabricated. Two-layer ITO coatings with controlled refractive indices of the layers are also formed by the proposed method. Thus, multilayer transparent conducting coatings with desired optical parameters can be produced.     

非晶硅太阳电池减反射膜的设计

基于非晶硅太阳电池的工作原理,对其减反射膜进行研究．根据四分之一波长作用原理得到反射率最小时的厚度优化参数．单层减反射膜选用ITO（m=2．0,d=75nm）,加权平均反射率为5．91％．双层膜选用MgF2／ITO,厚度分别为111nm和75nm,加权平均反射率为3．72％．此外,还作出反射率随波长的变化曲线,并通过计算仿真结果进行比较说明如何选材：对于单层减反射膜,采用折射率小的材料能取得更好的效果,而对于双层减反射膜,采用折射率上低下高形式,能取得更好的效果．     

A study of binders for the thick-film cathodes of DC-type plasmadisplay panels

This paper reports work done on developing binders for thick-film cathodes used in DC-type plasma display panels (PDP's). Instead of the conventional lead glass binder, this paper proposes a new liquid binder consisting of a liquid that can be mixed with a fine powder to form a paste. This paste can be baked in an irreversible process to form a solid that is highly resistant to both heating and reduction. Of the possible candidates, the partially hydrolyzed condensate of tetraethoxysilane (having an average degree of polymerization of 6) was selected to be used as a post-sintering binder for SiO₂. By using this binder in the manufacture of thick-film Ca_0.2La _0.8CrO₃ cathodes, the deterioration of the electrical characteristics of the color PDP's and the changing composition of the gas will slow, leading to longer product lifetime. MgO, ITO, and SnO₂ prepared using similar methods also produced potent binders. Thus some liquid binders are promising for application as the binder for thick-film cathodes used in DC-type PDP     

The Role of Electronic Junctions in Artificial Interface Engineering: The Case for Indium Tin Oxide on LiMn2O4 Electrodes

Electrode coatings have become an indispensable tool for the commercialization of high voltage cathodes. So far, electronically insulating and ionically conducting surface coatings are typically used to improve the electrochemical stability of battery cells. In this paper, it is shown that not only insulating materials but also highly electronically conductive coatings such as indium tin oxide (ITO) can effectively inhibit electrolyte decomposition through the formation of electronic junctions while preserving ionic and electronic conduction. The exact electrolyte decomposition kinetics are determined through direct measurements utilizing a LiMn₂O₄ (LMO) thin-film model system and explained by a theoretical exposition on the electronic band structures of the active material, coating material, and redox species in the electrolyte. Junction formation is worked out specifically for ITO coated LMO thin-film electrodes but can be generalized to any material and morphology. Aside from the beneficial effect of well-engineered electronic junctions on electrochemical stability, highly conductive coatings can be exploited to improve the contact between the active material and the current collector through the creation of a shunt conductor, as demonstrated in the final section of the article.     

Stable Inverted Polymer/Fullerene Solar Cells Using a Cationic Polythiophene Modified PEDOT:PSS Cathodic Interface

A cationic and water‐soluble polythiophene [poly[3‐(6‐pyridiniumylhexyl)thiophene bromide] (P3PHT⁺Br^?)] is synthesized and used in combination with anionic poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(p‐styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)^? to produce hybrid coatings on indium tin oxide (ITO). Two coating strategies are established: i) electrostatic layer‐by‐layer assembly with colloidal suspensions of (PEDOT:PSS)^?, and ii) modification of an electrochemically prepared (PEDOT:PSS)^? film on ITO. The coatings are found to modify the work function of ITO such that it could act as a cathode in inverted 2,5‐diyl‐poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/[6,6]‐phenyl‐C₆₁‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) polymer photovoltaic cells. The interfacial modifier created from the layer‐by‐layer assembly route is used to produce efficient inverted organic photovoltaic devices (power conversion efficiency ～2%) with significant long‐term stability in excess of 500 h.     

Photoelectric phenomena in ZnO(ITO)/a-Si:H(n)/c-Si(p)/Al solar cells

Solar cells Al/ZnO/a-Si:H(n)/c-Si(p)/Al and Al/ITO/a-Si:H(n)/c-Si(p)/Al were fabricated on single-crystal Si substrates. The photoelectric properties of these solar cells were investigated under exposure to natural and linearly polarized radiation at T=300 K. The polarization photosensitivity of the solar cells, which emerges under the conditions of oblique incidence of linearly polarized radiation, was observed. The origin of the induced photopleochroism of solar cells with ZnO and ITO antireflection coatings is ascertained. The oscillations in the spectrum of the induced photopleochroism, which are associated with interference phenomena in oxide films, are observed. The results obtained point to the possibility of using the solar cells as selective photosensors. At the same time, polarization spectroscopy can ensure effective monitoring of the antireflection coatings of solar cells.     

A photo-polymerization resist for UV nanoimprint lithography

A novel liquid photo-polymerization resist was prepared for nanoimprint lithography on transparent flexible plastic substrates. The resist is a mixture of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), methylmethacrylate (MMA), methacylic acid (MAA) and two photo-initiators, (2-isopropyl thioxanthone (ITX) and ethyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate (EDAB)). The resist can be imprinted at room temperature with a pressure of 0.25 kg/cm², and then exposed from the transparent substrate side using a broad band UV lamp to obtain nano- and micro-scale patterns. Replications of high-density line and space patterns with resolution of 150 nm were obtained on a flexible indium tin oxide/poly(ethylene terephthalate) (ITO/PET) substrate. The liquid resist has low viscosity due to the liquid monomers, and low shrinkage due to the addition of PMMA as a binder.     

低翘曲度ITO透明导电膜玻璃的工艺研究

研究了不同厚度ITO膜的大尺寸超薄导电玻璃的翘曲度,ITO膜形成期间基片温度对ITO膜层晶体化程度的影响及不同基片温度下形成的ITO膜层在不同的退火条件下的退火前、后的电阻率和膜压应力.实验发现,ITO膜层的很高的压应力是导致导电膜玻璃翘曲的直接原因;采用室温沉积非晶ITO膜,然后经高温热退火可获得低膜压应力多晶相ITO膜.基于实验结论,提出了一种适合批量生产的低翘曲度ITO膜导电玻璃的制备工艺.     

AR/EMI显示窗口的模拟设计

在航空航天等军用领域中,存在强光和电磁干扰等环境影响因素,为了使显示器能够在这种恶劣环境下稳定可靠工作,需要对显示器进行AR/EMI(减反射/电磁屏蔽)加固。本文通过对ITO电磁屏蔽层与AR(减反)膜系进行综合设计,并利用光学薄膜设计软件TFCalc对几种不同的结构进行了模拟仿真,结果使AR/EMI显示窗口在方块电阻为12Ω的同时可见光部分的平均反射率达到了0.73%,从而解决了显示终端的眩光效应,克服了环境光对操作者眼睛造成的不适,并增强了显示器的电磁屏蔽性能。