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针对网络切片场景下时变网络流量引起的虚拟网络功能(VNF)迁移问题,该文提出一种基于联邦学习的双向门控循环单元(FedBi-GRU)资源需求预测的VNF迁移算法。该算法首先建立系统能耗和负载均衡的VNF迁移模型,然后提出一种基于分布式联邦学习框架协作训练预测模型,并在此框架的基础上设计基于在线训练的双向门控循环单元(Bi-GRU)算法预测VNF的资源需求。基于资源预测结果,联合系统能耗优化和负载均衡,提出一种分布式近端策略优化(DPPO)的迁移算法提前制定VNF迁移策略。仿真结果表明,两种算法的结合有效地降低了网络系统能耗并保证负载均衡。 相似文献
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在时分波分无源光网络(TWDM-PON)与云无线接入网(C-RAN)的联合架构中,由于无线域的负载不均衡问题,限制了网络整体的传输效率.为了充分利用TWDM-PON与C-RAN联合架构的网络资源,并保证用户的服务质量(QoS),该文提出一种负载平衡的用户关联与资源分配算法(LBUARA).首先根据不同用户的服务质量需求以及分布式无线射频头端(RRH)的负载对用户的影响,构建用户收益函数.进而,在保证用户服务质量的前提下,根据网络状态建立随机博弈模型,并基于多智能体Q学习提出负载均衡的用户关联和资源分配算法,从而获得最优的用户关联与资源分配方案.仿真结果表明,所提的用户关联和资源分配策略能够实现网络的负载均衡,保证用户的服务质量,并提高网络吞吐量. 相似文献
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无线Mesh网络是一种多跳网络,与传统无线网络不同,它融合了无线局域网WLAN和Ad Hoc网络的优势,具有易组织、高速率和自愈性等优点。由于无线Mesh网络存在负载高、不均衡业务以及业务突发性高等特性,直接在无线Mesh网络中应用传统无线自组网的经典接入算法可能会导致网络性能下降,包括丢包率偏高、吞吐量不足、端到端时延无法得到保障等问题。基于此,提出了一种基于时间序列生成对抗网络(Time-series Generative Adversarial Networks, TimeGAN)与和多臂老虎机(Multi-Armed Bandits, MAB)的无线Mesh网络接入模式选择方法,该方法使用TimeGAN生成无线Mesh网络中Mesh节点的时间序列数据,并将其用于预测不同接入模式下的网络性能;然后,使用多臂老虎机算法选择最佳的接入模式,以实现最优的网络性能。在使用具体硬件搭建的无线Mesh网络中进行了实验,结果表明所提出的方法具有显著的优势和实用性,对于提高无线Mesh网络的性能具有重要意义。 相似文献
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针对负载失衡或热点覆盖无线中继网络,提出一种基于负载均衡的自适应中继选择和频谱转移联合优化策略。定义了一种衡量一个站点对周围同频站点干扰程度的干扰容量,为某站点对其他站点的干扰提供了量化分析指标。当用户申请接入时,首先根据各条链路的信道状况选择首选接入站点和备选接入站点,当首选接入站点负载过重而无足够资源使其接入时,对接入备选站点和从与首选站点同扇区的其他站点向首选站点进行频谱转移的性能进行比较,选择一种维持系统性能较好的方式接入。仿真结果表明,所提算法在中心小区的频谱效率和阻塞率都优于单一的基于负载均衡的中继选择策略和单一的基于负载均衡的频谱转移策略,并且平均干扰容量也最低,对周围小区的系统性能影响较小。 相似文献
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3GPP LTE系统中小区负载均衡机制的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
第三代合作伙伴计划(3GPP)长期演进(LTE)系统与上一代无线通信网络相比,在基站传输速率和小区容量上都有了极大的提高,相应地对网络无线资源管理功能也提出了更高的要求.文章探讨了无线资源管理中的一个重要方面:负载均衡的问题.首先分析了网络中小区可能发生过载的原因,并讨论了传统的基于小区切换的解决方法可能存在的风险.随... 相似文献
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在时分波分无源光网络(TWDM-PON)与云无线接入网(C-RAN)的联合架构中,由于无线域的负载不均衡问题,限制了网络整体的传输效率。为了充分利用TWDM-PON与C-RAN联合架构的网络资源,并保证用户的服务质量(QoS),该文提出一种负载平衡的用户关联与资源分配算法(LBUARA)。首先根据不同用户的服务质量需求以及分布式无线射频头端(RRH)的负载对用户的影响,构建用户收益函数。进而,在保证用户服务质量的前提下,根据网络状态建立随机博弈模型,并基于多智能体Q学习提出负载均衡的用户关联和资源分配算法,从而获得最优的用户关联与资源分配方案。仿真结果表明,所提的用户关联和资源分配策略能够实现网络的负载均衡,保证用户的服务质量,并提高网络吞吐量。 相似文献
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无线局域网中的负载均衡技术 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
随着无线局域网扩展服务集中的终端(STA)的移动和无线信道的时变,各个接入点(AP)上的负载会出现差异,需要加强负载均衡,平衡各个AP的差异,以达到最大化的网络资源利用。无线局域网中的负载均衡算法可以采用STA/AP主控负载均衡或接入式/切换式负载均衡技术。在时分双工的时分同步码分多址(TD—SCDMA)系统中,由于系统在最小资源单位和媒体访问机制等方面的差异,负载均衡可以在小到时隙和码道,大到终端和小区等不同的级别上进行,体现码分多址(CDMA)和时分双工(TDD)的特点,具体方式更加灵活多样。 相似文献
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In IEEE 802.11 based WLAN standard, distributed coordination function is the fundamental medium access control (MAC) technique. It employs a CSMA/CA with random binary exponential backoff algorithm and provides contention-based distributed channel access for stations to share the wireless medium. However, performance of this mechanism drops dramatically due to random structure of the backoff process, high collision probability and frame errors. That is why development of an efficient MAC protocol, providing both high throughput for data traffic and quality of service (QoS) support for real-time applications, has become a major focus in WLAN research. In this paper, we propose an adaptive beacon-based collision-free MAC adaptation. The proposed scheme makes use of beacon frames sent periodically by access point, lets stations enter the collision-free state and reduces the number of idle slots regardless of the number of stations and their traffic load (saturated or unsaturated) on the medium. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme dramatically enhances the overall throughput and supports QoS by reducing the delay, delay variation and dropping probability of frames. 相似文献
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DUCR: Distributed unequal cluster‐based routing algorithm for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks
Designing energy efficient communication protocols for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to conserve the sensors' energy is one of the prime concerns. Clustering in WSNs significantly reduces the energy consumption in which the nodes are organized in clusters, each having a cluster head (CH). The CHs collect data from their cluster members and transmit it to the base station via a single or multihop communication. The main issue in such mechanism is how to associate the nodes to CHs and how to route the data of CHs so that the overall load on CHs are balanced. Since the sensor nodes operate autonomously, the methods designed for WSNs should be of distributed nature, i.e., each node should run it using its local information only. Considering these issues, we propose a distributed multiobjective‐based clustering method to assign a sensor node to appropriate CH so that the load is balanced. We also propose an energy‐efficient routing algorithm to balance the relay load among the CHs. In case any CH dies, we propose a recovery strategy for its cluster members. All our proposed methods are completely distributed in nature. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm in terms of energy consumption and hence prolonging the network lifetime. We compare the performance of the proposed algorithm with some existing algorithms in terms of number of alive nodes, network lifetime, energy efficiency, and energy population. 相似文献
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Alonso-Zarate J. Verikoukis C. Kartsakli E. Cateura A. Alonso L. 《Wireless Communications, IEEE》2008,15(1):48-55
Distributed queuing collision avoidance (DQCA) is a distributed MAC protocol for WLAN systems that offers near optimum performance. The protocol implements a reservation scheme that ensures collision-free data transmissions for high traffic load and switches smoothly and automatically to a random access mechanism when the traffic load is light, improving the delay performance for this situation. In this article the DQCA protocol operation is thoroughly described, and its algorithm rules are given. Furthermore, an enhanced cross-layer scheduling mechanism is also proposed for inclusion in the protocol procedure. This mechanism employs a virtual priority function to reschedule transmissions according to a cross-layer design. Two possible configurations are described in this article by including a PHY-MAC dialog involving channel stale information and the waiting time of the packets in the system, offering a trade-off between throughput maximization and fairness. The performance in terms of throughput and mean delay of DQCA and the two cross-layer schemes has been evaluated through simulations, and a significant enhancement over legacy IEEE 802.11 operation is achieved. The obtained results emphasize the advantages of the proposed schemes and the importance of cross-layer design in wireless communication systems. 相似文献
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基于Shark的分布式工作流系统的设计与实现 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Shark工作流是一个单引擎的工作流系统.文章以其为蓝本构建了一个分布式工作流管理系统(DWFMS)架构,并进行了功能模块的划分和工作流引擎的分布执行策略的分析,给出了一个针对一般工作流系统中普遍存在的负载不均衡、柔性差等问题的解决方案. 相似文献
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Liqiang Zhao Li Cong Wei Ding Xinheng Wang Hailin Zhang 《Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing》2012,12(6):481-491
In the IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN (WLAN), the fundamental medium access control (MAC) mechanism—distributed coordination function (DCF), only supports best‐effort service, and is unaware of the quality‐of‐service (QoS). IEEE 802.11e enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) supports service differentiation by differentiating contention parameters. This may introduce the problem of non‐cooperative service differentiation. Hence, an incompletely cooperative EDCA (IC‐EDCA) is proposed in this paper to solve the problem. In IC‐EDCA, each node that is cooperative a priori adjusts its contention parameters (e.g., the contention window (CW)) adaptively to the estimated system state (e.g., the number of competing nodes of each service priority). To implement IC‐EDCA in current WLAN nodes, a frame‐analytic estimation algorithm is presented. Moreover, an analytical model is proposed to analyze the performance of IC‐EDCA under saturation cases. Extensive simulations are also carried out to compare the performances of DCF, EDCA, incompletely cooperative game, and IC‐EDCA, and to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed performance model. The simulation results show that IC‐EDCA performs better than DCF, EDCA, and incompletely cooperative game in terms of system throughput or QoS, and that the proposed analytical model is valid. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献