脉冲γ射线对光纤的辐射感生损耗

研究了光纤受射线辐照响应机制,计算了光纤对射线吸收率、效应截面、Compton电子的能通量及角度分布;提出了瞬态辐射感生损耗的测量方法,采用波长分别为405、660、850、1 310、1 550 nm的模拟宽带光纤传输系统,设计了瞬态辐射感生损耗的实验测量系统。在平均光子能量0.3 MeV、剂量率2.03107 Gy/s和平均光子能量1.0 MeV、剂量率5.32109 Gy/s的两种脉冲射线辐照条件下,获得了4种光纤瞬态辐射感生损耗与剂量的关系、永久性感生损耗的谱分布和折射率变化结果:（1）脉冲射线对光纤的瞬态辐射感生损耗随探测波长在近红外到可见光范围内的减小而增大;（2）在相同辐照条件下,多模光纤的瞬态辐射感生损耗稍大于单模光纤;（3）辐射致光纤折射率降低;（4）在一定剂量范围内,多模光纤瞬态辐射感生损耗和剂量呈近似线性关系。研究表明,射线导致光纤基质原子产生新的色心和光纤折射率降低,色心对传输光子的共振吸收导致光纤吸收损耗增加,折射率降低导致光纤波导损耗增加,感生损耗是两种机制共同作用的结果。     

光纤色散效应对脉冲展宽的影响

为了研究光通信系统中光纤色散特性对通信系统传输性能的影响,基于单模光纤和多模光纤的色散特性,采用数值模拟计算的方法,对脉冲展宽、光纤内部的偏振模色散、色度色散、波导色散和模间色散的物理机制进行了分析,分别得到了折射率n=1.516和n=1.458的标准单模光纤经过10km传输距离后色散导致脉冲展宽的结果,比较了传输波长在850nm和1310nm时多模光纤的色散效应,通过对不同光源LD(Δλ=1nm)和LED(Δλ=70nm)的比较,分析了光谱宽度对脉冲展宽的影响。结果表明,纯石英光纤在系统传输波长为1.27μm处群速度色散等于0;折射率渐变多模光纤工作在常见的850nm以及1310nm通信窗口时,其模内色散表现为负色散;色度色散和模间色散引起的脉冲展宽随光纤的数值孔径、材料折射率和光源光谱线宽的增大而增大。     

高精度频率远距离光纤传输信道特性研究

针对光纤信道特性变化引起频率远距离传输的稳定度损失问题进行了研究。综合光纤热膨胀、折射率分布和色散效应特性随环境温度变化引入的不稳定性,建立了链路时延模型。通过25km单模光纤1550nm光信号的传输实验对该模型进行了验证。实验结果表明,当光纤温度与环境温度同步变化且其他环境因素对传输稳定性影响较小时,该模型计算得出的理论时延变化与实验结果保持一致。对该模型进行了分析讨论,确定了模型参数随温度和波长变化情况,并得出了各特性引入时延变化的量级,当折射率变化引起的相对时延变化为10.22ns时,光纤热膨胀和色散效应引入的相对时延变化分别为0.7741ns和-0.5983ps。     

波长可调节全正色散掺镱锁模光纤激光器的放大特性

高功率,波长可调超短脉冲光源具有重大的应用价值。采用掺镱光纤放大的全正色散锁模光纤激光器能够满足以上优质光源的要求,并且结构紧凑。通过实验全面探索了波长可调节全正色散锁模光纤激光器的放大特性。分析了小信号增益系数随着信号光波长的变化。发现最大增益出现在波长为1 030 nm 附近,并且增益随着信号光波长的增大而减小,这是由于掺镱光纤的增益谱特性决定的。也分析了增益系数随泵浦光功率的变化,观察增益饱和现象和放大自发辐射噪声。也讨论了种子脉冲在放大器中的时域与频域畸变。发现脉冲因为群速度色散而轻微展宽,频谱因为自相位调制也会发生轻微展宽。     

光纤光栅偏振模色散的研究

分析了光纤光栅 (FBG)偏振模色散 (PMD)产生的原因 :写入光栅用的光敏光纤对紫外光吸收是不均匀的 ,呈指数型吸收。建立了光栅偏振模色散的模型 ,利用建立的模型计算了不同折射率调制的偏振模色散 ,计算的结果与用偏振模色散分析仪测得的结果符合得很好。理论和实验说明了光栅色散对偏振模色散的影响 :光纤光栅的色散增大 ,光栅的偏振模色散也增大。     

双零色散点光子晶体光纤中红移辐射的产生

为了研究双零色散点光子晶体光纤反常色散区中红移辐射的产生,采用分步傅里叶方法数值模拟了飞秒脉冲在双零色散点光子晶体光纤反常色散区中的非线性传输和红移辐射的产生。分析了抽运脉冲的脉宽、抽运波长、入射峰值功率对红移辐射的影响。结果表明,当超短脉冲靠近第2个零色散点的反常色散区进行抽运时,喇曼孤子受高阶色散效应的影响产生了红移辐射现象;当增大抽运激光的入射峰值功率或增大脉宽时,红移辐射均增强,而且发生了明显的分裂现象,其起因可归结于喇曼孤子和红移辐射之间的交叉相位调制;此外,3阶色散效应对红移辐射也有重要的影响,当增大3阶色散系数时,红移辐射可得到进一步加强。     

浅谈波分系统的光纤色散及补偿

光纤色散(色度色散CD)是由于光纤所传送信号的不同频率成分或不同模式成分的群速度不同,而引起传输信号畸变的一种物理现象。所谓群速度就是光能在光纤中的传输速度。所谓光信号畸变,一般指脉冲展宽。偏振模色散PMD偏振模色散是由于光纤制造工艺造成纤芯截面一定程度的椭圆度,或者是由于材料的热涨系数的不均匀性造成光纤截面上各向异性的应力而导致光纤折射率的各向异性,这两者均能造成两个偏振模传播常数的差异,从而产生群时延的不同,形成了偏振模色散。当前,光纤通信正向超高速率、超长距离的方向发展。EDFA的出现为1550nm波长窗口实现大容量、长距离光通信创造了条件,并使光纤通信中衰耗的问题得到了一定的解决。然而光纤的色散影响仍然是制约因素之一。     

基于啁啾FBG的三角形光脉冲发生器的优化设计

提出了利用啁啾光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)和马赫增德尔调制器产生三角形光脉冲的优化方案.方案采用FBG模拟单模光纤的色散特性,结合光载波抑制调制产生了三角形光脉冲, 并通过仿真分析,选择FBG的长度、调制深度、适当的折射率切趾函数对三角形光脉冲的线性特征进行了优化.仿真结果表明,在同一啁啾系数下,产生的三角形光脉冲的失真程度随啁啾光纤光栅的调制深度增大而增大,光栅长度、折射率切趾函数对三角形光脉冲的影响也比较明显.与现有系统相比,由于将FBG引入系统,省去长距离的光纤,优化方案系统结构更为简单,三角形光脉冲线性特征更好.     

注入载流子对1.55μmGaInAsP激光器模式特性的影响

载流子感生引起的有源层里折射率的变化对条形激光器脉冲调制中的横模导引和波长稳定性有很大影响。了解在发射波长为1.55μmGaInAsP激光器中此种影响的程度。对于考虑这种激光器在该波长具有光纤色散的单模光纤系统的应用似乎非常重要。     

超高速通信系统中非零色散位移光纤多孤子传输影响

运用分步Fourier算法求解非线性薛定谔方程,研究了非零色散光纤中三阶色散系数对孤子脉冲在光纤中传输的影响.结果表明,通过数值模拟,在三阶色散作用下,孤子在光传输中脉冲的能量、脉冲频移、脉冲宽度、中心位置都随传输距离呈现振荡式变化.与零色散光纤对比,分析了孤子间相互作用随传输距离变化的特性,证明在非零色散位移中孤子间距和增加二阶滤波器能有效保持信号稳定的传输;这对实现超远距离光纤传输,提高通信系统超高码率有一定实际意义.     

Effects of nonlinear dispersion in EDFA's on optical communicationsystems

The signal-induced change of the refractive index in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) causes a phase modulation imposed on a signal when passing the EDFA. In this paper, we apply our extended EDFA model on an optical communication system. The model includes this phase modulation, by including the nonlinear dispersion in an EDFA, and the spontaneous emission noise. The influence of these effects on an optical communication system is examined by means of Q-factor and eye diagram. We assume an intensity modulated-direct detection (IM-DD) system operating at 193 THz (1552.5 nm) with a bit rate of 10 Gb/s in the anomalous dispersion regime and a total fiber length of 500 km. The fibers are assumed to be dispersion shifted ones, EDFAs are used to compensate for the fiber loss. By numerical simulation we obtain results for the influence of the phase modulation (nonlinear dispersion) due to the signal induced change of the refractive index in an EDFA and the spontaneous emission noise at different input peak powers. Neglecting the signal-induced change of the refractive index strongly underestimates the Q-factor in the anomalous dispersion regime. Therefore it should be included for reliable system simulations. This can be done with the numerical model presented here     

Effect of Si-Ge interdiffusion on the waveguide properties ofSiGe-Si MQW photodetector

Because of Si-Ge interdiffusion in the Si-SiGe interface during the growth process, the square-wave refractive index distribution of a SiGe-Si multiple-quantum-well (MQW) will become smooth. In order to simulate the actual refractive index profile, a staircase approximation is applied. Based on this approach, the dispersion equation of the MQW waveguide is obtained by using a transfer matrix method. The effects of index changes caused by the interdiffusion on the optical field and the characteristics of the photodetector are evaluated by solving the dispersion equation. It is shown that the Si-Ge interdiffusion can result in a reduction of the effective absorption coefficient and the quantum efficiency     

Simultaneous observation of photobleaching and photorefractive effects in germanium-doped optical fibers

Photobleaching and photorefractive effects caused by intense pulsed laser irradiation at 532 nm have been observed simultaneously in a germanium-doped monomode fiber. A decrease of up to 4.1*10/sup -4/ in the refractive index of the core at 633 nm was inferred from the change in the radiation pattern of a probe beam and also from the change in the cutoff wavelength of the LP/sub 11/ mode. The effect is attributed to the bleaching of preexisting Ge(1) color centers in the fiber.<>     

Signal-induced refractive index changes in erbium-doped fiberamplifiers

This paper reports the measurement and analysis of signal power-induced changes in the refractive index spectrum of an aluminosilicate erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). For a constant 980 nm pump power of 11 mW, a 1553 nm signal power of 4.6 mW caused a peak-to-trough change in refractive index of (3.8±0.4)×10 ^-8 across the EDFA gain spectrum. A Kramers-Kronig transform of the signal-induced change in absorption coefficient agreed well with the measured change in refractive index. This result conflicts with the behavior of the system predicted by a homogeneously broadened two-level model and suggests limitations in the representation of the Er³⁺ :glass system by a discrete set of homogeneously broadened transitions     

Investigation on propagation properties of terahertz waveguide hollow plastic fiber

The propagation properties of terahertz (THz) waveguide plastic hollow fiber have been investigated in this paper. The effects of radiation frequency, bore diameters and dielectric coating layers on the waveguide property have been shown and discussed. The results show that the attenuation loss of TM mode increases and that of TE mode decreases as radiation frequency increases. The attenuation loss decreases with the increasing of fiber bore diameter. The attenuation loss decreases as the refractive index of dielectric coating layer and the ratio of the refractive index of outer dielectric layer to that of inner dielectric layer increase.     

Improved supercontinuum generation through UV processing of highly nonlinear fibers

We demonstrate that UV exposure of highly nonlinear, germano-silicate fibers can significantly broaden the infrared supercontinuum generated by femtosecond pulses in these fibers. Both simulations and measurements of the fiber chromatic dispersion show that UV-induced refractive index changes increase the waveguide dispersion by up to 5 ps/(nm-km) at 1570 nm and shift the dispersion zero by over 100 nm. We examine fibers with a range of UV exposure levels and show that the short wavelength edge of the supercontinuum can be continuously changed by more than 100 nm. We also show that the long wavelength edge is extended beyond that of the unexposed fiber. The resulting continuum spans from 0.85 to 2.6 /spl mu/m. Cutback measurements show that the supercontinuum in the exposed fiber is generated in as little as 1 cm of fiber. A nonlinear Schro/spl uml/dinger equation (NLSE) model of the supercontinuum generation in the nonlinear fiber shows that the short wavelength behavior of the continuum is primarily controlled by changes in the fiber dispersion caused by the UV-induced change in refractive index of the fiber core.     

掺钕光纤放大器非线性折射率的分析

利用描述光纤放大器非线性折射率的公式．通过数值模拟的方法模拟了输入信号功率、抽运功率、信号波长以及增益效应和克尔效应等变量对掺钕光纤放大器非线性折射率的影响，结果表明无论是增加抽运光功率或信号光功率，当信号光的波长小于1064nm时．掺钕光纤放大器的非线性折射率的数值在此波段附近所对应的值为正值，大于此值所对应的值为负值；抽运功率较小时增益效应对非线性折射率的影响较大，而抽运功率较大时克尔效应对非线性折射率的影响较大，这主要是增益饱和所导致的结果；当信号光频率一定时，随抽运功率的增加非线性折射率逐渐增加并达到饱和。     

折射率啁啾调制光纤光栅性能研究

从耦合模理论出发,详细推导出平均折射率调制啁啾系数、初始位置平均折射率调制系数和啁啾光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)周期啁啾系数之间的对应关系,并进行了数值模拟和实验研究。结果表明：通过对平均折射率调制系数进行啁啾控制,可以利用一块相位掩膜版制作出不同色散补偿量的FBG。     

载氢光纤光致折射率变化量与曝光时间关系的测量

对普通载氢光纤光致折射率变化量与曝光时间的关系进行了实验测量研究。针对不同曝光时间导致的光栅强度不同, 分别提出了均匀光栅最大反射率测量模型和反射率零点带宽测量模型, 并分析了两个模型由于布拉格反射波长的测量误差对光致折射率变化量计算结果造成的影响。结果表明, 244 nm氩离子倍频激光器输出光功率为40 mW时, 普通载氢光纤光致折射率变化量随曝光时间总体上呈现指数分布关系Ac=1.632×10-6 t 0.76912; 在曝光时间较短时, 造成的光栅强度较弱, 光致折射率变化量有明显的指数增长趋势, 之后是一段较好的线性区域, 这时两个测量模型的结果得到了很好的印证, 随着曝光时间的继续增加, 光致折射率变化量达到饱和。