基于频率调制技术的波导型无源环形谐振式陀螺研究

This paper reports the experimental results of silica on a silicon ring resonator in a resonator micro optic gyroscope based on the frequency modulation spectroscopy technique by our research group. The ring resonator is composed of a 4 cm diameter silica waveguide. By testing at D1550 nm, the FSR, FWHM and the depth of resonance are 3122 MHz, 103.07 MHz and 0.8 respectively. By using a polarization controller, the resonance curve under the TM mode can be inhibited. The depth of resonance increased from 0.8 to 0.8913, namely the finesse increase from 30.33 to 33.05. In the experiments, there is an acoustic-optical frequency shifter(AOFS) in each light loop. We lock the lasing frequency at the resonance frequency of the silica waveguide ring resonator for the counterclockwise lightwave; the frequency difference between the driving frequencies of the two AOFS is equivalent to the Sagnac frequency difference caused by gyro rotation. Thus, the gyro output is observed. The slope of the linear fit is about 0.330 m V/(°/s) based on the 900 to 900 k Hz equivalent frequency and the gyro dynamic range is˙2.0 103rad/s.     

Fractional Fourier transform for annular flat-topped beams

The fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) is applied to treat the propagation of annular flat-topped beams. Based on the definition of FRFT in the cylindrical coordinate system, analytical formulae are derived for annular flat-topped beams through the FRFT optical systems. By using the formulae, the properties of annular flat-topped beams in the FRFT plane are illustrated numerically. The results show that the intensity distribution properties in the FRFT plane are closely related to the fractiona...     

Efficient Method to Extract Coupling Ratio and Round-trip Loss Parameters of Optical Waveguide Ring Resonator

Based on the measurement of the contrast ratios of the transmission spectra from the throughput and drop ports of ring resonator, an efficient method is proposed to extract the coupling ratio and round-trip loss of the integrated optical waveguide ring resonator. The parameters of a racetrack resonator prepared by ion-exchange technique in K9 optical glass substrate are examined, which demonstrates the validity of this method. The accuracy and applicable range of this method are also discussed.     

Study of energy transfer in silicon-based micro-ring resonators

Physical model, time-domain model, transmission spectra and energy transfer diagram of silicon-based micro-ring resonators based on the parallel waveguide structure are analyzed in this paper, in which transmission spectrum is ob- tained by Matlab, and the energy transfer process is analyzed by Rsoft. According to the analyses of the models and results, the energy transfer process in this type of resonator is clear to a great extent. The experimental results show that when the input signal is stable, the energy of the micro-ring resonator and the drop port tends to be steady after the input optical signal is coupled in the coupling region, which proves that the silicon-based micro-ring resonators can select specific optical signal if the input optical signal satisfies the resonance condition. However, if the resonance condition is not met, filtering function, optical switch function and signal selection function can be realized. Therefore, the analysis and simulation of energy transfer in silicon-based micro-ring resonators can not only enrich the silicon micro-ring resonator theory, but also provide new theoretical basis and method for the design and optimization of ex- isting, ontoelectronie devices.     

A band-pass microwave photonic filter based on Lyot-Sagnac filter and cascaded optical structures

A band-pass microwave photonic filter（MPF）based on Lyot-Sagnac filter and two cascaded optical structures is demonstrated.In the experiment,a stabilized and tunable multi-wavelength optical source is obtained by slicing the broadband optical source（BOS）with a Lyot-Sagnac filter.A standard single-mode fiber（SMF）and a fiber ring resonator are cascaded to improve the mainlobe-to-sidelobe suppression ratio（MSSR）and Q-factor of the filter.The analysis shows that MSSR and Q-factor are improved by reducing the split ratio of the coupler or increasing the length of fiber in fiber ring resonator.The results have significant guidance for MPF design by choosing appropriate devices and parameters.Based on the analyses,a band-pass filter with MSSR of 53.54 dB and Q-factor of 4048 is achieved by choosing the split ratio of0.01,the length of SMF of 30 km and the length of fiber in fiber ring resonator of 152.27 cm.     

Combined optical fiber interferometric sensors for the detection of acoustic emission

A type of combined optical fiber interferometric acoustic emission sensor is proposed. The sensor can be independent on the laser source and make light interference by matching the lengths of two arms,so it can be used to monitor the health of large structure. Theoretical analyses indicate that the system can be equivalent to the Michelson interferometer with two optical fiber loop reflectors,and its sensitivity has been remarkably increased because of the decrease of the losses of light energy. PZT is powered by DC regulator to control the operating point of the system,so the system can accurately detect feeble vibration which is generated by ultrasonic waves propagating on the surface of solid. The amplitude and the frequency of feeble vibration signal are obtained by detecting the output light intensity of interferometer and using Fourier transform technique. The results indicate that the system can be used to detect the acoustic emission signals by the frequency characteristics.     

Design and nonlinearity compensation of Fabry-Perot type tunable optical filters for dynamic strain sensing systems

The collected spectrum of the fiber Bragg grating （FBG） and the loss of the detected optical power are discussed with respect to the 3-dB bandwidth of a Fabry-Perot （F-P） type tunable optical filter （TOF）, respectively. And the optimized parameters of the TOF are obtained consequently. It is demonstrated that the relationship between the transmission wave- length of the TOF and its drive voltage is nonlinear. A new method to compensate the nonlinearity of the TOF is proposed. The linear sweeping of the transmission wavelength of the TOF is achieved through modifying the drive voltage using interpolation algorithm. It is observed that the average error and the maximum error of the transmission wavelength are reduced sharply under linear fit. The dynamic strain sensing is realized by use of a reference FBG and moving averaging algorithm in this system.     

一种应用于GNSS接收机的低噪声和低杂散频率综合器

A low phase noise and low spur phase locked loop （PLL） frequency synthesizer for use in global navigation satellite system （GNSS） receivers is proposed. To get a low spur, the symmetrical structure of the phase frequency detector （PFD） produces four control signals, which can reach the charge pump （CP） simultaneously, and an improved CP is realized to minimize the charge sharing and the charge injection and make the current matched. Additionally, the delay is controllable owing to the programmable PFD, so the dead zone of the CP can be eliminated. The output frequency of the VCO can be adjusted continuously and precisely by using a programmable LC-TANK. The phase noise of the VCO is lowered by using appropriate MOS sizes. The proposed PLL frequency synthesizer is fabricated in a 0.18 μm mixed-signal CMOS process. The measured phase noise at 1 MHz offset from the center frequency is -127.65 dBc/Hz and the reference spur is -73.58 dBc.     

Design and Analysis of Ring Resonator with Thermal Tuning

A type of waveguide ring resonator, based on Er^3＋/Yb^3＋ co-doped phosphate glass and using thermal-optical effect as tuning manner, is brought up. The ring resonator is composed of two straight waveguides and a ring waveguide with radius of 400 μm. Electrode is evaporated on the top of the waveguide to achieve thermal tuning. Firstly, the filtering scheme of the ring resonator is analyzed, then how parameters of the electrode influence the filtering characteristics is discussed.     

Self-diffraction in Porous Silicon/PMMA-DR1 Composite Films

Two-layer structure consisting of PS/PMMA-DR1 composite film planar waveguide layer on porous silicon cladding layer was fabricated in our experiment. The induced grating based on the third nonlinear optical properties was formed by interaction of two Nd ： YAG laser beams at 1 064 nm in the porous silicon/PMMA-DR1 waveguide. The diffraction efficiency of the first order diffracted light is measured to be about 0.2% of the total output.     

RF oscillator implementation using integrated CMOS surface acoustic wave resonators

This work is a proof of concept that a monolithic CMOS surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator can function as an RF oscillator. The design of the oscillator includes the measurement characteristics of the CMOS SAW resonator, its matching networks, and RF amplifier is described. The integrated SAW resonator, with its operating frequency controlled by the spacing of its transducers was fabricated using a combination of CMOS plus post-CMOS processes. Based on the operation and performance of the SAW resonators, an equivalent circuit model of the CMOS SAW resonator was developed. A series resonant oscillator design was simulated using Microwave Office^TM. The designed matching network improves both the insertion losses and the phase slope of the resonator, while the RF amplifier provides sufficient gain to ensure oscillation. Measurements conducted on the RF-CMOS SAW oscillator demonstrated oscillation at 600 MHz.     

Integrated optic strip waveguide phase modulator driven by a SAW

Single-mode integrated optic strip waveguide phase modulators driven by a surface acoustic wave (SAW) are investigated theoretically and experimentally. Evaluating the overlap integral, a good agreement is obtained between measured and theoretical results. Measurements were performed onZY-LiNbO3(z-cut crystal,y-propagating SAW) between 20 MHz and 580 MHz atlambda_{0} = 0.85 mum optical wavelength using Titanium indiffused waveguides. At 9-mW SAW power in an interaction length of 4 mm, optical phase shifts are measured to be 0.32 and 0.112 for TM and TE polarization, respectively, at 21.5 MHz.     

基于ADS的声表面波单端对谐振器建模

声表面波(SAW)滤波器的设计需对单端对谐振器建模。该文提出了一种新的基于ADS线性矩阵模型的声表面波单端对谐振器模型,并给出了主要参数的推导过程。借助新模型成功设计了一个中心频率为1GHz、带宽为30MHz的声表面波带通滤波器,其插入损耗小于4dB,带外抑制大于30dB。设计过程表明,采用新模型设计声表面波滤波器可做到操作性强、简单、快捷。     

用于声光移频的声表面波谐振器

针对一种喇曼型声表面波声光器件的设计需求,设计制作出一种能够满足喇曼-奈斯衍射要求的、低损耗、高Q值声表面波谐振器。利用耦合模(COM)理论仿真谐振器的性能,建立谐振器的COM模型,求解COM方程,提取出COM参数。利用COM软件仿真设计谐振器的结构参数,设计的谐振器中心频率为78.028MHz,Q值为10 428,插入损耗为-6.153dB。利用微加工技术加工制作出声表面波谐振器,用矢量网络分析仪对其性能进行测试,得到谐振器实际中心频率为78.34MHz,插入损耗为-11.273dB,Q值为6 465.7,该谐振器能够满足喇曼型声表面波声光器件的应用需求。     

Frequency trimming for high-frequency SAW device using ultraviolet light

A new technique for frequency trimming of surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) devices is demonstrated using ultraviolet light. Irradiation by ultraviolet light of a very thin SiO2 film which is fabricated on a quartz substrate makes it possible to adjust the operation frequency within an accuracy of better than ±10 kHz at 900 MHz with an insertion loss increase of less than 1 dB. This technique is applied successfully to a 668 MHz SAW resonator.     

低插损极窄带声表面波滤波器设计

利用集总参数等效电路模型计算了声表面波双模耦合谐振滤波器的频响．通过改变谐振器各个参量使滤波器指标满足要求．在ＳＴ石英基片上成功研制出中心频率２２８ＭＨｚ，△ｆ－３ｄＢ＝１５０ｋＨｚ，插损为３ｄＢ，阻带抑制小于－５０ｄＢ的铁路专用寻呼机用滤波器。理论计算与实验结果一致。     

基于SAW谐振器无源无线传感器编码方法研究

为简化声表面波(SAW)传感器的编码过程,提出了一种基于SAW谐振器的编码方法,通过多个不同中心谐振频率的SAW谐振器分别连接不同的负载阻抗进行传感器的编码。设计了传感器的具体结构,建立了传感器的等效电路模型,利用ADS仿真软件对中心谐振频率分别为868MHz和915MHz的2个SAW谐振器组成的传感器进行仿真,结果表明,SAW谐振器外接1pF与4pF的阻抗,其谐振频率差可达200³00kHz。根据仿真结果,设计制作了不同编码的2个传感器,一个不外接阻抗,一个外接10pF的阻抗,测试谐振频率差别可达39.75300kHz。根据仿真结果,设计制作了不同编码的2个传感器,一个不外接阻抗,一个外接10pF的阻抗,测试谐振频率差别可达39.75⁴0.2kHz,因此,SAW谐振器外接不同阻抗时谐振频率的差异明显,基于SAW谐振器与外接阻抗的传感器编码方法是可行的。     

高性能声表面波调频振荡器的研究

分析了声表面波谐振器的性能 ,论述了声表面波振荡器的工作原理及设计方法 ,最终完成中心频率为797.3 MHz的振荡电路 ,调频带宽 2 MHz(2 5 0 0 PPM)。文中对影响调频带宽、相位噪声的因素进行了分析讨论。本项目研究成果已获得实际应用     

Integrated Circuit Compatible Surface Acoustic Wave Devices On Gallium Arsenide

Improvements in gallium arsenide materials technology have led to the rapid development of GaAs MIC, CCD, and digital IC technologies in the last several years. In this paper we consider the additional capabilities afforded by the inherent piezoelectric properties of GaAs. The primary emphasis of the work is on surface acoustic wave (SAW) device configurations using MESFET and Schottky-barrier diode fabrication techniques which are compatible with the eventual monolithic integration of electronic devices on the same substrate. The GaAs SAW technology described here provides a means for achieving electronically variable delay, high-Q resonator structures for VHF/UHF oscillator frequency control, and real-time signal processing operations such as convolution and correlation. Prototype device designs and performance are described, includlng two-port GaAs SAW resonators with Q's as large as 13 000 at 118 MHz and a programmable GaAs SAW PSK correlator capable of signal correlation at 10-MHz chip rates. Further GaAs SAW device development required for increasing the operating frequency range to 500 MHz and processing bandwidth to 100 MHz is indicated.     

SAWDIF: surfaceacoustic-wave-driven interferometer

Mach-Zehnder waveguide modulators are driven by surfaceacoustic waves (SAW). Frequency modulation is possible as well as optical mixing of two oppositely propagating SAWs Experiments have been performed between 20 MHz and 265 MHz SAW-frequency at light wavelength 0.633 ?m. 20 mW acoustic power yields 1.2 rad of optical phase sweep.