高功率毫米波回旋器件实验研究

介质加载是解决回旋行波管振荡一个较好的方法,本文利用这种结构在Ka波段回旋行波管的实验中利用这种结构在工作模式TE01,加速电压66 kV,电子注电流13A得到了293 kW的峰值输出功率,最大增益56 dB,效率34.2％,3 dB带宽2.1 GHz的结果;介绍了W波段回旋行波管、回旋振荡管、Q波段回旋行波管的实验情况.     

新型高效率二次谐波宽带可调复合互作用回旋管

该文利用回旋管注-波模式耦合理论,提出了返波振荡-速调群聚-行波放大复合互作用回旋管工作原理。理论分析表明,Ka波段二次谐波连续磁调谐复合互作用回旋管的工作效率高达40%,磁调谐带宽为10%。利用该复合互作用工作原理,回旋管振荡器可实现毫米波电磁辐射源的高效率、高功率输出及宽频带连续磁调谐。     

3mm二次谐波回旋振荡管设计与数值模拟

二次谐波回旋振荡管的互作用磁场比基波回旋振荡管的磁场降低了一半,从而降低了设计难度,具有广阔的应用前景。通过对单腔结构的W波段二次谐波回旋振荡管高频结构、起振电流、模式竞争以及注波互作用研究,确定了W波段TE02模二次谐波回旋振荡管的基本工作参数,通过粒子模拟(PIC)软件进行计算,在电子注电压为60kV,注电流为6A及速度比为1.5时,获得了67.5kW的输出功率和超过18%的效率,且工作稳定。     

140 GHz 回旋振荡管高频腔体的数值模拟*

根据热核聚变用回旋管整管技术要求,对140 GHz 回旋振荡管进行研究,设计了高频腔体结构的尺寸,并通过 非线性理论计算程序对高频腔体进行了分析。研究表明,在工作电压82 kV,注电流45 A,电子注横向与纵向速度比为1.5 时,所设计的回旋振荡管输出功率为1.5 MW,效率达到41.4%,符合140 GHz 整管参数设计要求,从而为热核聚变用回旋振荡 管的研究打下技术基础。     

小回旋三次谐波0.52 THz回旋管

为了发展大功率高效率太赫兹辐射源,对小回旋电子注激励三次谐波太赫兹电子回旋脉塞进行了研究,分析了不同参数情况下的模式竞争.研究结果表明,采用近轴小回旋电子注能够实现三次谐波单模振荡.在此基础上设计了一只0.52 THz、TE37模三次谐波回旋管,数值计算表明,该回旋管在工作磁场为6.98 T下输出功率可以达到3.7 kW.对产生近轴小回旋电子注的高磁压缩比磁控注入式电子光学系统进行的粒子模拟研究结果表明,该电子枪能够产生满足实验要求的65 kV/2.5 A,横纵速度比为1.24,引导中心半径0.35 mm的小回旋电子注,其纵向速度离散6.6%,横向速度离散6.1%.     

高次谐波大回旋太赫兹振荡器多模工作特性

设计了一支可工作于4～9次谐波的大回旋太赫兹振荡管,借助于三维粒子模拟,研究了设计的大回旋振荡管注-波互作用机理、高次谐波工作特性、谐波模式间竞争等关键特性。结果表明,通过调节磁场强度,可以在多个相邻谐波处连续激发振荡,实现频率为240 GHz到460 GHz之间的太赫兹波辐射,最大辐射功率为19kW。同时研究了第7、8和9次谐波模式之间的竞争,讨论了实现稳定注-波互作用和高次谐波状态下单模工作的方法。此外,论文还对不同谐波状态下的欧姆损耗功率进行了研究。     

140 GHz回旋振荡管Denisov辐射器设计

根据几何光学和耦合波理论研究高功率回旋振荡管高阶模式在微扰圆波导中的准光传输特性,并编制出带有微扰结构辐射器准光模式变换系统的仿真程序,给出140 GHz回旋振荡管Denisov辐射器的设计方法及结果,分析其内部激励起的各模式的功率分布曲线和波导壁上的电流密度分布,得到扰动长度为60 mm,总长度为136.5 mm的Denisov辐射器结构,输出功率转换效率为99.1%,可满足140 GHz整管参数设计要求。并利用Feko软件对数值计算结果的可行性进行了有效验证,从而为热核聚变用回旋振荡管的研制打下技术基础。     

太赫兹回旋管研究进展

回旋管是一种基于电子回旋谐振受激辐射的快波器件,是目前太赫兹波段输出功率和效率最高的重要器件,本文给出了目前国内外太赫兹回旋管技术的发展状况,分析了太赫兹回旋管的特点和应用前景.     

TE21模回旋返波振荡的起振分析

该文基于回旋行波放大器的线性理论,对TE₂₁模回旋返波振荡起振长度和起振频率随导引中心半径、电压、速度比、注电流及工作磁场等参数的变化进行了详细的数值模拟,并给出了相应的物理解释,分析了TE₂₁模基波和二次谐波回旋返波振荡特点,研究了分布损耗对回旋返波振荡的抑制效果。所得结果对回旋行波放大器和回旋返波振荡器的设计有参考意义。     

94GHz连续波40kW回旋振荡管高频系统的设计

W波段的高功率连续波回旋管振荡器在毫米波非致命武器等领域有着重要的应用。该文首先通过起振电流的计算,确定了工作模式,继而利用自行开发的自洽非线性计算程序GYROSC对工作在94GHz频率的连续波回旋振荡管高频系统进行了模拟计算和优化设计。结果表明,设计的W波段连续波回旋管可获得输出功率40kW,电子效率大于30%。     

Analysis of Aftercavity Interaction in European ITER Gyrotrons and in the Compact Sub-THz Gyrotron FU CW-CI

Possibilities of arising of aftercavity interaction are analyzed in the ITER 170?GHz 2?MW coaxial cavity gyrotron and the 170?GHz 1?MW cylindrical cavity gyrotron, as well as in the compact 394.5?GHz low power gyrotron FU CW-CI. Also, the simulations for the gyrotron efficiency in the presence of aftercavity interaction are performed in the cold cavity approximation. Results of the analysis illustrate the subtle interplay between the geometry of the output taper and the profile of the magnetic field.     

一种超低电压宽带调谐太赫兹回旋管互作用结构

低电压频率可调太赫兹回旋管在生物医学和波谱学等领域具有重要应用。文章分析了超低电压(<1 kV)下采用传统开放腔互作用电路的330 GHz 回旋管输出功率和频率调谐特性,探讨了超低电压下由于电子相对论效应减弱而导致的回旋管中电子注-波互作用耦合强度降低的问题。在此基础上,针对330 GHz 超低电压回旋管提出了一种改进的互作用电路结构,其下倾式尾端结构有助于增大反向波幅度,提高弱相对论电子注与电磁波之间的耦合强度,从而提高回旋管的输出效率及频率调谐带宽。非线性模拟结果表明,在低至0.3 kV 的超低电压下,采用此种互作用电路结构仍可获得大于1 W 的连续波输出功率及22 GHz 的连续调谐带宽,峰值输出效率大于7%。     

太赫兹回旋管的现状及其发展

太赫兹回旋管一种具有重要发展前景的高功率太赫兹源。简要介绍了回旋管的结构和基本原理,并且评述了国内外太赫兹回旋管的发展状况和趋势;同时指出了太赫兹回旋管发展中存在的关键问题及一些建议。     

D-band frequency step-tuning of A 1 MW gyrotron using a brewster output window

In order to demonstrate the usability of gyrotron oscillators as frequency step tunable high power millimeter-wave sources, experiments on a 1 MW, 140 GHz TE_22,6 gyrotron with a built-in quasi-optical (q. o.) mode converter have been performed. By varying the operating parameters of the tube, a series of oscillations in the frequency range from 114 GHz to 166 GHz were excited. To avoid reflections, caused by the required vacuum barrier window, the gyrotron was equipped with a Brewster window. The achieved output power levels between 0.85 and 1.05 MW are compared to measurements carried out with the same tube using a conventional single-disk window. These experiments showed that even by using a q. o. mode converter, the influence of window reflections on the gyrotron oscillatory behavior cannot be removed completely.     

140 GHz兆瓦级回旋管高斯模式输出窗设计

根据热核聚变用140 GHz回旋振荡管研制需要,对高斯模式输出窗进行研究。以化学气相沉积金刚石作为输出窗片的材料,通过理论分析,优化设计出低反射、低吸收高斯模式输出窗片的尺寸,获得窗片半径和厚度分别为46 mm和1.8 mm。通过理论分析各参数对高斯模式透射率的影响,并利用FEKO软件进行计算验证,获得高斯模式输出窗设计参数,从而为热核聚变用回旋振荡管的研究打下技术基础。     

W波段准光模式变换器的设计

准光模式变换器是大功率输出回旋管的关键部件.采用高转换效率的准光模式变换器可以横向输出电磁波,增大收集极的尺寸,提高回旋管的输出功率,提高整管效率.该文设计的回旋管内置准光模式变换器由Denisov辐射器天线和四个反射镜组成,输入频率为94GHz,模式为TE_6,2模.采用耦合波理论分析和优化了Denisov辐射器内的场分布,并根据矢量绕射理论编制数值模拟程序计算了各个反射镜上的场分布,其输出功率转换效率达97.2%.利用三维全波仿真软件feko6.0进行对比分析,最后加工所设计的结构并内置于回旋振荡管进行热测实验,结果表明其输出场分布与理论计算结果基本一致.     

Detailed Consideration of Experimental Results of Gyrotron FU CW II Developed as a Radiation Source for DNP-NMR Spectroscopy

A CW gyrotron for the sensitivity enhancement of NMR spectroscopy through dynamic nuclear polarization has been designed. The gyrotron operates at the second harmonic and frequency of 394.6 GHz with the main operating mode TE_0,6. Operating conditions of other neighboring cavity modes such as TE_2,6 at frequency of 392.6 GHz and TE_2,3 at frequency of 200.7 GHz were also considered. The experimental conditions of the gyrotron at low and high voltages are simulated. The output power of 56 watts corresponds to the efficiency of 2 percent at low voltage operation and frequency of 394.6 GHz is expected.     

Fast frequency-step-tunable high-power gyrotron withhybrid-magnet-system

The TE_22,6 1 MW gyrotron operated at Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (FZK) at frequencies between 114 and 166 GHz has been investigated with respect to the fast-frequency tunability in the frequency range from 132 to 147 GHz. For that purpose, the gyrotron has been equipped with a special hybrid-magnet system consisting of superconducting (sc) magnets in the cryostat and additional normal conducting (nc) copper magnets with a fast time constant. Some special problems due to the magnetic coupling between the different magnets were investigated by calculation and experiment. Making use of these investigations some different current regulation systems for the nc magnets were implemented and tested experimentally. Finally a step-tuning operation between the modes from TE_20,6 to TE_24,6 in time steps of 1 s has been achieved     

A 100 kW, 140 GHz pulsed gyrotron

The design and operation of a 100 kW, 140 GHz pulsed gyrotron are reported. To our knowledge, this is the highest frequency at which high gyrotron output power (>-100 kW) has been achieved. Results are presented for gyrotron operation in the range of magnetic field from 4 to 7 T, voltage from 23 to 80 kV and current up to 7.5 A. Near a value of magnetic field of 5.4 T, and output power of 100 kW was obtained at 140.4 GHz in single mode operation in the TE₀₃₁ resonator mode.