频分复用光源的一种新的时分复用稳频方案

本文提出了稳定频分复用(FDM)系统中多个激光器频率间距的新方法。在F-P腔上加阶梯波,使F-P腔在一个自由光谱区的频率范围内周期性地产生多个等间距的共振峰,利用时分复用(TDM)的方法将各个信号激光器的频率稳定于各个共振峰上。     

二种单频外腔式He-Ne激光器的自稳频原理再分析

作者用高气压加纵向非均匀磁场获得了二种单频、自稳频高输出功率的外腔式He-Ne激光器,1m激光器的频率非稳定度为6.175×10-9(τ≤10s)和3.38×10-9(τ≤1s);1.8m激光器的频率非稳定度为1.1×10-8(τ≤1s)和2×10-8(τ≤10s),所有数据由中国计量科学院测定。本文是继文献[1],[8],[9]和[10]发表后,对这两种激光器的自稳频原理的再分析。     

He-Ne双折射塞曼双频激光器的等光强稳频研究

在精密测量领域,He-Ne 激光器是制造激光干涉仪的首选光源,因波长作为测量的尺子,激光器的频率稳定性至关重要。介绍了双频激光器的稳频技术原理,利用调谐腔中平行光和垂直光的等光强点作为稳频点,以光强平衡为依据设计热伺服控制电路,采用数字和模拟电路共同控制,实现了He-Ne双折射塞曼双频激光器的频率稳定。对大频差(7.95 MHz)的双频激光器进行拍频测试,单次频率稳定度达10-9量级,重复多次多日测量,频率不确定度达1.07410-8(k=2)。同时对频差稳定度进行测试,频差波动范围在8 kHz以内,相对偏差度为0.001,完全达到商用双频干涉仪的标准。     

表征稳频半导体激光器频率特性的方法EI北大核心CSCD

对稳频半导体激光器的频率进行在线实时监测的需求量和迫切性一直在不断增长。特别是近几年发展起来的连续波激光雷达通常以单频半导体激光器为种子源,并通过相干检测方式获得雷达信号的频率,从而获得目标物的距离信息,这就使得种子光源的频率精度直接与测距精度密切相关,因此,对光源的频率稳定性的表征也提出了新的要求:更关注短期(在相干时间内,亚微秒~数毫秒)的频率变化模式,对长时段内(数分钟~24 h)的绝对频率高精度监测的需求减弱;同时要求频率监测系统具有在线实时监测能力。针对这些需求,基于延时自外差原理,提出了一种表征稳频激光器的频率变化的方法,经过严谨的原理推导和算法编程,使得监测系统不仅结构简单,还实现了在线实时监测功能,并测量了一台利用氰化氢(H13C14N)气体吸收谱线基于边频锁定技术的稳频分布反馈式半导体激光器(DFB-LD)频率变化曲线。测量结果是:在10 ms内稳频激光器的最大频率变化约为25 MHz,并且清楚地观察到激光器的频率变化不是单向的漂移模式。为了进一步验证该方法的精度,采用主流的飞秒光频梳拍频法离线测量了同一台稳频DFB-LD的频率变化,实验结果是:在50 min内频率变化约为30 MHz。两种测量方法的测量结果均在相同的MHz量级,证明了该方法是一个快速可靠的光频率分析手段,可应用于实时调节稳频激光器的伺服回路系统。     

用于激光磁共振光谱的CO激光器的稳频研究

本文讨论了用于激光磁共振光谱的CO激光器机械与电子的稳频措施,在文中提出了一种新的激光频率稳定度的测量方法,它是以分子的激光磁共振谱线为基准,通过测量分子的激光磁共振谱线线宽及其变化,然后用阿仑方差进行数据处理,最后得出激光频率稳定度。运用这种方法对稳频CO激光器进行了调试和检测,测得在非稳频和稳频条件下CO激光器的频率稳定度分别为1.5×10~(-7)、5.5×10~(-9)。     

全固态高功率连续单频稳频1053-nmNd:YLF激光器

报道了激光二极管(LD)端面抽运的1053 nm全固态连续单频稳频Nd:YLF环形激光器的设计及实验结果.为克服Nd:YLF晶体应力裂纹极限小的缺点,采用了较长的、低掺杂的沿c轴切割的Nd:YLF晶体.激光器的阈值抽运功率为4.7 W,当抽运光功率为17.9 W时,单频输出功率可达4.21 W,长期功率稳定性为±0.8%(4.75 h),自由运转频率波动为±10 MHz/min.为了改善激光器的频率稳定性,利用电子伺服系统将激光器的频率锁定在共焦法布里-珀罗(F-P)腔的共振透射峰上,锁定后,激光器的频率波动降低为±1.7 MHz/min.     

用于激光原子囚禁的二极管激光器的稳频和移频

用饱和吸收光谱法对二极管激光器进行了稳频,使得激光器的等效线宽小于1～MHz,并利用声光调制器使激光的频移量得到控制,能满足激光冷却与囚禁原子对激光频率稳定性和频移量的要求,实现了Rb原子的激光囚禁。     

用于激光稳频的精密温控系统设计

单块非平面环形激光器可用于产生单频激光。该激光器的频率随温度漂移系数理论值为- 2. 6GHzP℃。设计了一套精密温控装置,对该单频激光器温控以实现稳频。采用单片机结合PID 模块的方法构造温控系统,实现了32 ℃范围内±0. 01 ℃的控温精度,激光频率稳定性达到50MHz ,在此基础上进行了激光器温度调谐试验研究。上述方法构建的温控系统可以提高控制精度并大大缩短调试周期。     

一种基于控制点偏移修正的纵向塞曼稳频方法与系统

针对目前普遍采用的功率平衡法实现热稳频的纵向塞曼激光器存在的稳频控制点偏移问题,建立了左右旋圆偏振光光功率差调谐曲线零点与稳频控制点之间频率偏移量的数学模型,提出了稳频控制点偏移的修正方法。该方法通过对左右旋圆偏振光的精确偏振分光和对称功率检测来抑制稳频控制点偏移的随机扰动分量,同时补偿其相对稳定偏置分量,可有效降低稳频控制点偏移引起的激光频率漂移。实验表明,基于稳频点偏移修正方法构建的纵向塞曼热稳频系统,在2h40min内输出光频率相对变化小于4×10-9,阿伦方差频率稳定度为1.9×10-10(采样时间1000s),在24h的重复实验中系统输出光中心频率漂移小于1.3×10-9。故该方法可有效抑制激光器稳频控制点漂移,提高激光频率稳定度。     

2μm波段DBR光纤激光器的超稳腔PDH稳频技术

报道一种可用于超稳腔Pound-Drever-Hall(PDH)稳频的2μm波段分布Bragg反射（DBR）光纤激光器及其频率锁定结果。该绝热封装的光纤激光器配备主动温度控制和压电陶瓷（PZT）频率调谐装置,可满足超稳腔PDH稳频应用。通过周期极化铌酸锂（PPLN）晶体倍频,采用PDH稳频技术将研制的1950 nm光纤激光器频率稳定到了1μm波段超稳腔频率参考上。针对DBR光纤激光器中PZT频率调谐机制只反馈调节腔长,容易在稳频过程中产生激光器跳模进而导致频率失锁的问题,笔者提出并演示了一种对DBR光纤谐振腔实施基于超稳腔频率参考的实时温度控制方案,并采用该方案实现了对DBR光纤激光器超过4周的长期频率锁定。该方案对于实现DBR光纤激光器的长期频率锁定具有较高的参考价值。     

Frequency stabilisation of FDM optical signals by time division multiplexing

A new frequency stabilisation scheme for FDM optical signals is proposed. The laser diodes are frequency-locked to comb resonances of a Fabry-Perot interferometer by time division multiplexing. In the demonstration experiment with two laser diodes, a frequency stability of the order of 10/sup -10/ in the Allan variance (10s integration time) has been achieved.<>     

450 Hz relative frequency stability in an AlGaAs diode laser

A commercial AlGaAs diode laser is frequency-locked to a Fabry-Perot interferometer. The temperature stabilisation loop of the diode laser system maintains the relative stability within 11 kHz. When the frequency control loop is closed, the relative frequency stability is improved to 450 Hz.     

WDM coherent star network with absolute frequency reference

A WDM coherent star network with an absolute frequency reference was demonstrated. The absolute reference was obtained from a GaInAsP DFB laser frequency-locked to an atomic Ar transition at 1.2960 μm. The resonant frequencies of a tunable fibre Fabry-Perot interferometer, locked to this absolute reference, were used to frequency-lock the transmitting lasers. Thus, the transmitting lasers operated at different, but fixed, optical frequencies. The receiver sensitivity was not degraded by the addition of the absolute frequency reference to the network     

激光稳频的共焦法布里-珀罗干涉仪

针对多普勒激光雷达激光源短期频率漂移低于1 MHz的要求,设计了一种共焦干涉仪作为频率标准进行稳频。通过对三种不同材料制成的共焦法布里-珀罗(Fabry-Perot)干涉仪中心频率随温度漂移情况进行分析对比,选用零膨胀微晶玻璃材料制作共焦法布里-珀罗干涉仪,腔镜和隔离器通过光胶的方式进行组合,并且置于温控精度优于0.01 K的双层密封温控箱中。经过实验测量,共焦法布里-珀罗干涉仪的自由光谱范围为370 MHz,透射谱半峰全宽(FWHM)为1.7 MHz,精细度为220。采用该共焦干涉仪进行稳频,理论稳频精度可达0.15 MHz,满足激光多普勒雷达单频激光源的稳频要求。     

Measurement of frequency stability in tunable lasers by using an F-P interferometer

A method for measuring the frequency stability of tunable laser is proposed by using confocal Fabry-Perot（F-P）interferometer.The F-P interferometer is used to get the output frequency of the laser as a reference,and the method eliminates the need of an independent optical source as a frequency reference.Using this technique,the frequency stability of the tunable external-cavity diode laser（ECDL）is measured to be 2.26×10~（-9）with an integration time of 20 ms.     

Simultaneous absolute frequency control of laser transmitters inboth 1.3 and 1.55 μm bands for multiwavelength communication systems

Absolute frequency control will be an essential part of future dense WDM systems. In this paper, we demonstrate two promising techniques that allow the absolute frequency control of an ensemble of laser transmitters operating in both the 1.3 and 1.55 μm bands. First, a Michelson interferometer is absolutely calibrated by means of a frequency-stabilized master DFB laser. This interferometer provides an ensemble of evenly-spaced absolute frequency references that covers both the 1.3 and 1.55 μm regions. Lasers are frequency-locked to transmission nulls of this interferometer with a precision of a few hundred MHz. The second technique allows full flexibility in channel frequency assignment and relies on frequency offset control of an ensemble of laser sources relative to a master reference laser. The frequency comparator is based on a surface-emitting nonlinear semiconductor multilayer waveguide. This technique provides simultaneous frequency measurement and control of lasers in both bands with a precision of a few GHz     

FM noise reduction and subkilohertz linewidth of an AlGaAs laser bynegative electrical feedback

Negative electrical feedback was applied to a CSP-type AlGaAs laser, reducing its FM noise at the Fourier frequency range of f⩽40 MHz. The magnitude of the FM noise was far lower than the quantum noise level of the free-running laser at 100 Hz⩽f ⩽4.4 MHz. It was as low as 1×10^-7~1×10 ^-6 that of the free-running laser at 100 Hz⩽f⩽1 kHz. The full width at half maximum of the field spectrum was reduced to 560 Hz. The major factors necessary for realizing the very low FM noise level were: (1) the laser had almost constant FM response characteristics for a wide Fourier frequency range; (2) a high-finesse Fabry-Perot interferometer was employed for highly-sensitive FM noise detection and to get higher feedback gain; (3) the reflection mode of the Fabry-Perot interferometer was employed to increase the bandwidth and efficiency of the FM noise detection; and (4) a computer simulation was utilized for optimum design of the feedback loop     

Two-channel coherent optical FDM transmission system with a new frequency stabilisation scheme

A two-channel 140 Mbit/s coherent optical FDM transmission system with a new frequency stabilisation scheme has been developed. In this scheme, low frequency modulation is applied to transmitter laser diodes to lock them at the resonances of a Fabry-Perot interferometer, and a high speed IF AFC circuit is used to eliminate the system performance degradation due to this low frequency modulation. The measured BER is 10/sup -9/ for a received signal power of -41 dBm and no crosstalk between channels is observed with a channel spacing of 4.0 GHz.<>     

PDH激光稳频控制技术研究

针对多普勒测风激光雷达系统的应用需求,研制了一套结构紧凑、操作灵活的Pound-Drever-Hall(PDH)激光稳频系统。直接数字频率合成器(DDS)产生激光器高频相位调制信号,模拟混频器解调激光器的频率漂移信息,高集成度的数字信号处理器(DSP)作为稳频控制系统的心脏,负责整个稳频系统的总线控制、信号处理及比例积分微分(PID)伺服等。实验表明,在2.5h内激光器的相对频率漂移不超过±17kHz,其均方根(RMS)误差为5kHz,绝对频率稳定度优于200kHz。在主动对法布里-珀罗干涉仪(FPI)施加6 Hz固定扰动时,系统能够在30ms内迅速恢复稳定。满足直接探测多普勒测风雷达系统中0.1m/s测风精度的应用需求。     

600 MHz direct modulation of short external cavity wavelength-tunable diode laser

The current modulation characteristics of a short external cavity tunable laser are presented. The 1540 nm Fabry-Perot diode laser is wavelength-tuned by the electrostatically controlled silicon micromachined Fabry-Perot interferometer device. The measured -3 dB cutoff frequency of 600 MHz is the widest reported direct modulation bandwidth of the external cavity tunable laser.