基于电信网络的家庭网关

随着三重播放甚至多重播放业务的出现，家庭网络中部署家庭网关显得越来越重要，因此有必要对基于电信网络的家庭网关全面认识和准确定位。家庭网关是实现家庭网络内部各设备与外部网络相互通信的设备，应该提供服务质量（QoS）、安全和管理的技术手段。通过家庭网关，家庭网络应可提供家庭通售、信息娱乐、家庭办公、智能家居服务等业务。家庭网关技术尚不成熟，需要通过产业链上位于不同环节的厂商共同推动。     

Mobile Edge Computing Platform with Container-Based Virtualization Technology for IoT Applications

The next generation of fifth generation (5G) network, implementing mobile edge computing (MEC), network function virtualization (NFV) and software defined networking technologies, establishes a flexible and resilient network in line with various internet of things (IoT) devices. While NFV adds flexibility scale in or out networks by allowing network functions to be dynamically deployed and inter-connected, MEC provide intelligence at the edge of a mobile network; reduces latency, and increases capacity. With the diverse development of networking applications, the proposed MEC with container-based virtualization technology (CVT) as IoT gateway with IoT devices for flow control mechanism in scheduling and analysis methods will effectively enhance the quality of service. In this work, the proposed IoT gateway will be analyzed to elucidate the combined effect of simultaneously deploying virtual network functions and MEC applications on the same network infrastructure. Low latency, high bandwidth and high agility, supporting the connection of large-scale devices, and the efficient combination of resources from network edge and cluster clouds, account for real-time network conditions, reducing the IoT applications and services to indicate that a number is the average of 30% of the latency, that could get more suitable service quality to develop such as both augmented reality and virtual reality application intelligence in coming 5G network.

     

家庭多媒体网关的技术与应用

家庭多媒体网关是实现家庭网络内部各设备与外部设备相互通信的设备,是家庭网络中最核心的构成部分。通过家庭多媒体网关,家庭网络内的设备可以与公共网络进行信息交互,也可以进行内部设备之间的信息交互。家庭多媒体网关在家庭内部建立统一的数据处理中心,对家庭内部数据进行管理,对外连接运营商网络。智能家庭多媒体网关在实现传统网关和数字电视的基础上,借助于强大的内部组网,实现更为丰富的功能和多媒体应用。     

使用UPnP部署家庭网络

文章针对目前家庭网络组网中各种设备存在多种接入方式的特点,提出了使用通用即插即用(UPnP)协议技术来统一部署家庭网络;考虑到家庭网络中存在大量简单设备,设计了UPnP代理网关,文章描述了其工作方式.通过UPnP代理网关,使得各种设备都能组网,实现家庭网络设备的自动寻址、自动发现和自动配置功能.     

Broadband transport — the synchronous digital hierarchy

All data networks require a physical transmission medium to convey information between network nodes. Within a local environment this physical medium might, for example, take the form of an Ethernet LAN, but wide area connections are provided using telecommunications constant bit rate transmission equipment. Furthermore, the assumption that data networking is simply the provision of WAN connectivity for large corporate networks is becoming dated. The explosion of interest in the Internet means that, for transport networks, the term data may encompass voice, video and multimedia applications for delivery to both home and office. This places additional requirements on the network infrastructure as each service has specific transport requirements.Network operators are currently in the process of deploying core networks of equipment conforming to the ITU-T Recommendations for a synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH), but many networks also contain a significant proportion of older transmission technologies. This paper provides a review of transmission technology and describes the impact of such networks on the transport of data.     

Sensor-based information appliances

Using the existing home infrastructure based on open industry standards, we will be able to integrate the home network with external networks to easily manage home devices, both locally and remotely. The advent of pervasive computing marks an urgent need for a new generation of intelligent sensing agents and information appliances. It will also demand environments for resource management of broad applications involving loosely coupled, event-driven, diverse information appliances. It is suggested that the development of intelligent sensing agents and sensor-based information appliances will spread pervasive technology to a multitude of human activities such as mining and manufacturing, security, transportation, sports, and health care. The topics discussed also include management of heterogeneous functions and networking technologies.     

The design and implementation of HomeRF: a radio frequency wirelessnetworking standard for the connected home

The HomeRF Working Group (WG) is a consortium of more than 100 companies from the computer, telecommunications, and consumer electronics industries. This group has developed an open specification called the Shared Wireless Access Protocol-Cordless Access (SWAP-CA) that enables radio frequency (RF) wireless connectivity between a diverse set of devices and computing resources in and around a typical home. Built around an RF spectrum with worldwide availability, SWAP-CA includes operational support for both managed and ad hoc networks of devices. It combines and extends wireless networking and cordless telephony into a single unified protocol allowing mobile devices to communicate via both voice and data traffic simultaneously over the Internet and/or over the public switched telephone network (PSTN). For batter-operated devices, it includes a power management mechanism than ensures connection longevity. The technology has been specifically optimized for consumer applications and price points, and, consequently, the HomeRF WG has the broad backing of the major corporate stakeholders interested in enabling tetherless networking within the home     

Home Area Network Technologies

This paper describes the current home networking technologies, some background to their origins, a brief review of how they work and what benefits they bring to the home. Each review concludes with the advantages and disadvantages of the particular networking technology. The role of residential gateways is described, along with example architectures. Finally, some of the Internet-aware devices which are available today are discussed.     

Extending Global IP Connectivity for Ad Hoc Networks

Ad hoc networks have thus far been regarded as stand-alone networks without assumed connectivity to wired IP networks and the Internet. With wireless broadband communications and portable devices with appropriate CPU, memory and battery performance, ad hoc connectivity will become more feasible and demand for global connectivity through ad hoc networking is likely to rapidly grow. In this paper we propose an algorithm and describe a developed prototype for connectivity between an ad hoc network running the ad hoc on-demand distance-vector protocol and a wired IP network where mobile IP is used for mobility management. Implementation issues and performance metrics are also discussed.     

A communication architecture for spontaneous systems

In this article a communication architecture concept for spontaneous systems is provided. The concept integrates application-level spontaneous group communication and ad hoc networking together. A service gateway is applied as a key architecture element to connect multiple technologies and networks together. A set of methods to enable plug and play, addressing and mobility, peer-to-peer connectivity, and use of services is provided. Finally, the provided methods are discussed based on the realized research experiments.     

Network virtualization as an integrated solution for emergency communication

In this paper the Virtual Private Ad Hoc Networking (VPAN) platform is introduced as an integrated networking solution for many applications that require secure transparent continuous connectivity using heterogeneous devices and network technologies. This is done by creating a virtual logical self-organizing network on top of existing network technologies reducing complexity and maintaining session continuity right from the start. One of the most interesting applications relies in the field of emergency communication with its specific needs which will be discussed in this paper and matched in detail against the architecture and features of the VPAN platform. The concept and dynamics are demonstrated and evaluated with measurements done on real hardware.     

Cable access beyond the hype: on residential broadband dataservices over HFC networks

Current efforts in digital data transmission over hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC) networks will provide an efficient data transport mechanism for the “last mile” to residential users and will enable a very large number of services to the home. Provision of these services requires a complete end-to-end network architecture that provides an efficient connection between the server and the end user. Thus, it is necessary for the currently isolated HFC islands to gradually evolve into an efficient, highly connected, high-speed network. In this article, the authors review HFC networks and establish that they provide a more attractive and promising solution than the alternatives for “last mile” connectivity to the home, such as telephone connections. A list of broadband services are listed that are enabled by the high-speed data capabilities of HFC networks, and the necessary end-to-end infrastructure to support these applications is described, as well as possible evolution and migration paths for developing these end-to-end network architectures     

Design and implementation of Ad-Hoc collaborative proxying scheme for reducing network energy waste

Network devices are equipped with low power states but they are rarely activated due to their inability of maintaining network connectivity. Recently, Network Connectivity Proxy (NCP) concept has been proposed in literature as an effective mechanism to exploit full potential of low power features on network devices by impersonating their virtual presence. However, the NCP concept faces several open issues and challenges especially related to proxying of TCP connections and majority of daily used proprietary closed-source applications. This paper presents a new approach for reducing network energy waste through intelligent collaboration among daily used devices (e.g., desktop computers, laptops, tablets, smartphones, etc). It guarantees to run applications on only and only one user device that is under active use at that specific moment. To reduce energy waste and allow idle devices to sleep, our approach also takes benefit from a light-weight home gateway proxy with very basic practically realizable functionalities. The proposed system not just reduces energy waste of fixed devices but also enables mobile devices to significantly improve their battery life. Our developed software prototypes allow devices to autonomously and seamlessly collaborate with each other without requiring any configuration or user input. Further, this paper also presents the basic performance evaluation of developed prototypes in real networking environments.     

A comparison of competing broadband in-home technologies

Connecting each house to a broadband access network represents an unprecedented opportunity to offer added-value services and broadband Internet access to residential users and expand the customer base beyond the corporate environment. Home networks, however, may be the last barrier to end-to-end multimedia service provisioning. Although a large number of houses have PCs, modems or multimedia network-enabled appliances, the majority are not equipped to support their interconnection, and most consumers are unwilling or cannot afford large-scale home rewiring. This paper reviews the available home-networking technologies and provides a comparison of the competing broadband in-home technologies. The focus is on technologies that do not require rewiring the home, either reusing the existing wiring or using wireless technology. The paper also discusses the residential gateway (RG) initiative, which provides a single point of convergence between the in-home and the access networks     

The role of ISDN in data networking

The integrated services digital network (ISDN) offers on-demand switched end-to-end digital connectivity over the wide area, enabling the integration of both voice and data services over a common core network. This paper considers the role of ISDN in data networking, both as the core transport network and as a means of enhancing resilience in a mixed-technology data solution, complementing other data network technologies. The issues associated with data transport based on an ISDN solution are considered, and include security, bandwidth utilisation, scalability and the management of ISDN-attached devices. Optimising the use of ISDN networks for supporting the most prevalent routed and routeing protocols is also discussed.     

家庭网关及其中间件的研究

随着社会信息化程度的提高,家电之间、家庭内部与外部世界的互连互通成为一大研究热点,家庭网络就是在此种社会背景下出现的.文章首先对家庭网络、家庭网关及其中间件作了简要介绍,然后着重探讨了家庭网关及其中间件的作用、功能及结构图,最后研究了引入OSGi(Open Service Gateway Initiative,开放服务网关联盟)框架的中间件的实现.     

An Adaptive Middleware to Overcome Service Discovery Heterogeneity in Mobile Ad Hoc Environments

Ubiquitous computing research has progressed rapidly over the last few years, and real-world applications, especially mobile networking devices, are booming in consumer markets. With rising industry demand and career opportunities, more and more universities are offering graduates ubiquitous computing courses in addition to classical computer science curricula, such as mobile computing and wireless sensor networks. Here, I outline a graduate-level ubiquitous computing course I taught for final-year master's and first-year doctoral students in Finland at Abo Akademi University in 2006. Finland - the home of Nokia, the world's largest mobile phone maker - has more mobile devices per person than any other country, and its students are very interested in ubiquitous computing technologies. The experiences gained and lessons learned are a good source of information and reference for other educators in this field.     

Simulation-based analysis of a multi-hop integrated UMTS and WLAN network

The next generation communication networks will comprise of third-generation (3G) and fourth-generation (4G) cellular and multi-hop ad hoc networks. In particular, the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) and the IEEE 802.11 ad hoc networks will play a significant role. The UMTS can provide Internet service in wide areas with excellent mobility support while IEEE 802.11 can provide high speed last hop connectivity in indoor environment. The performance of the offered end-to-end TCP connection when these two different technologies come together to serve the users is an important aspect to be studied. In this paper, we build an analytical model to model the complete process of TCP packet transfer over this integrated network. The delay and end-to-end throughput are modeled. We also verify the simulation results considering the usual error rate in UMTS channels. Our analytical results match well with the simulation models that are widely used. Apart from modeling the Internet connectivity, our model can be used for multitude of tasks, such as gateway selection, resource reservation, etc., in the next generation cellular multi-hop networks.     

Internet Connectivity for Ad Hoc Mobile Networks

The growing deployment rate of wireless LANs indicates that wireless networking is rapidly becoming a prevalent form of communication. As users become more accustomed to the use of mobile devices, they increasingly want the additional benefit of roaming. The Mobile IP protocol has been developed as a solution for allowing users to roam outside of their home networks while still retaining network connectivity. The problem with this solution, however, is that the deployment of foreign agents is expensive because their coverage areas are limited due to fading and interference. To reduce the number of foreign agents needed while still maintaining the same coverage, ad hoc network functionality can cooperate with Mobile IP such that multihop routes between mobile nodes and foreign agents can be utilized. In this work, we present a method for enabling the cooperation of Mobile IP and the Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol, such that mobile nodes that are not within direct transmission range of a foreign agent can still obtain Internet connectivity. In addition, we describe how duplicate address detection can be used in these networks to obtain a unique co-located care-of address when a foreign agent is not available.     

Broadband consumer electronics networking and automation

Although a critical mass of households worldwide have access to the information superhighway, the broadband consumer networking and automation market is still evolving very slowly. Two reasons may be identified for this delay. The first one is related to the lack of broadband home data networks. Consumer electronics networks either do not exist at all or they are not able to support multimedia communications. The second reason is the large variety of ad hoc consortia or (un‐)authorized standardization bodies that have been defining independent, in many cases non‐interoperable specifications for residential networks. In this paper, we analyse and compare some of the most widely accepted, foreseen or advanced current and future broadband consumer electronics networking technologies able to support home automation and multimedia in‐home appliances. Technologies and standards are categorized in three groups based on their physical medium requirements. Moreover, we discuss technologies that are independent of the lower layers, and aim to provide convergence between multiple in‐home and access networks. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.