Photonic band gap of 2D complex lattice photonic crystal

It is of great significance to present a photonic crystal lattice structure with a wide photonic bandgap. A two-dimension complex lattice photonic crystal is proposed. The photonic crystal is composed of complex lattices with triangular structure, and each single cell is surrounded by six scatterers in an hexagon. The photonic band gaps are calculated based on the plane wave expansion (PWE) method. The results indicate that the photonic crystal has tunable large TM polarization band gap, and a gap-midgap ra...     

Properties of defect mode and optical enhancement of 1D photonic crystals with a defect layer of negative refractive index material

The band gap properties of one-dimensional photonic crystals with a defect layer of negative refractive index materials are studied. The defect mode width is bigger than that of conventional one-dimensional photonic crystals with a defect layer of positive refractive index materials. The defect mode of the former is different from that of the latter, shifts towards the direction of high frequency （short wavelength）, and has a bigger shifting velocity. Furthermore the effects on the transmission properties of the former photonic crystals caused by change in the position of the defect layer of negative refractive index are investigated. Finally the optical enhancement of the former photonic crystals is also investigated.     

Effects of quasi-periodicity on defect modes of photonic crystals

In recent years,lots of studies have been made onphotonic crystals.Apri me property of photonic crystalsisintheir photonic band-gaps,where no electromagneticwave can propagate.This is i mportant to applications,such as photonic crystal fibers[1],photonic …     

Instantaneous microwave frequency measurement based on hybrid microwave photonic filter

A novel photonic technique for instantaneous microwave frequency measurement based on hybrid microwave photonic filter （HMPF） is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The HMPF is composed of an all-pass filter and a band-pass filter with negative coefficients. By properly controlling the power relationship between the all-pass filter and the band-pass filter, the HMPF can realize a monotonic frequency response, and then a unique relationship be- tween the output power and the input frequency is established. A high measurement resolution can be achieved for a given frequency range.     

1.55-μm supercontinuum based on dispersion-flattened photonic crystal fiber

A dispersion-flattened photonic crystal fiber with normal dispersion is designed for generating flat wideband supercontinuum, and the supercontinuum generation in this fiber is numerically analyzed. The results show that by appropriately designing the photonic crystal fiber, it can achieve flattened dispersion in the normal dispersion region. It is found that a fiber characterized by a flattened dispersion with a small normal dispersion is suitable for a flat wideband supercontinuum generation. In the process of spectral broadening, self-phase modulation effect plays a dominant role. By filtering the supercontinuum, pulses with different central wavelength over a wide spectral range can be obtained. The pulse width is determined by the bandwidth of the filter.     

Spectrally Sliced Pulse Source Based on Supercontinuum Generation in Dispersion-Flattened Photonic Crystal Fiber

Designed is dispersion-flattened photonic crystal fiber（PCF） with small normal dispersion for generating flat wideband supercontinuum （SC）, and demonstrated is spectrally sliced pulse source which utilizes supereontinuum generated in dispersion-flattened photonic crystal fiber. The results show that the fiber characterized by flattened dispersion with small normal dispersion is suitable for flat wideband supercontinuum generation. In the process of spectral broadening, self-phase modulation plays a dominant role. By filtering the supercontinuum, multi-wavelength pulses can be obtained over a wide spectral range.     

Theoretical study on modulating group velocity of light in photonic crystal coupled cavity optical waveguide

We present a novel mechanism,which is formed by periodically changing the radii of dielectric rods in the middle row of a photonic crystal,to control and stop light.Using the Bloch theory and coupled-mode theory,the dispersion characteristic of such a photonic crystal coupled cavity optical waveguide is obtained.We also theoretically demonstrate that the group velocity of a light pulse in this system can be modulated by dynamically changing the refractive index or radii of the selected dielectric rods,and the light stopping can be achieved.     

Band structures, defect mode and field propagation characteristics in one-dimensional photonic crystals composed of single-negative materials

By using the transfer matrix, the band structures, defect mode and field propagation characteristics of one-dimensional photonic crystals composed of single-negative （SNG） material are studied. It is shown that this structure possesses a new type of photonic gap which is insensitive to the incident angle and the light polarizations, as well the change of scale length. When a normal dielectric defect layer is inserted, the defect mode is insensitive to the angle of incidence, but the electromagnetic field in the defect layer is strongly localized, and the number of the defect modes increases with the thickness of the defect layer.     

New cobweb-structure hollow Bragg optical fibers

So far, there are two kinds of hollow-core fibers, i.e. Bragg fibers[1] and photonic bandgap fibers[2]. The lowest loss re- ported in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers with fused silica is 1.2 dB/km at 1620 nm[3]. The ultimate limit to the attenuation o…     

A high-drop hole-type photonic crystal add-drop filter

Based on the effect of total internal reflection（TIR）and photonic band gap,a new type of hexagonal-lattice hole-type silicon photonic crystal add-drop filter is proposed with a large circular hole as inner ring.The single mode operation is realized by compressing the two rows of photonic crystal above and below the line defect waveguide.Two-dimensional（2D）finite-difference time-domain（FDTD）method is then applied to investigate the impacts of side length of inner ring and coupling strength on its drop efficiency.It is also fairly compared with the traditional inner ring structure composed of hexagonal-lattice holes.The results show that the proposed structure can offer higher spectral selectivity than the traditional one.Two channel wavelengths of 1.425μm and 1.45μm can be simultaneously dropped at corresponding ports with drop efficiency of more than 90%and quality factor of 900 in the proposed configuration when the width of bus waveguide,the side length of inner ring and the coupling strength are 0.8 3 a,4a and 0,respectively,where a is the lattice constant.     

Bragg微腔中非线性介质相位共轭波的增强效应

研究了由一维光子晶体构成的Bragg微腔（AB）^N（D）^2（BA）^N中三阶非线性光学介质（NLM）产生的相位共轭波的增强效应。当入射光波与Bragg腔模满足共振条件时,推导了其相位共轭波的增强因子。Bragg微腔中的三阶NLM产生的相位共轭波相对于该介质裸露时产生的相位共轭波具有明显增强,这主要是Bragg微腔对入射泵浦光产生了较大的共轭增强作用。理论分析和数值计算结果还表明,当入射光波与Bragg腔模满足共振条件且周期数N较大时,该结构可等效于由Bragg反射镜组成的Fabry-Perot（F-P）腔。     

一维光子晶体非线性微腔的缺陷模和双稳态

为了了解一维光子晶体布喇格非线性微腔产生的缺陷模和双稳态特性,采用数值模拟和理论分析相结合的方法,研究了缺陷层厚度变化和布喇格镜准周期性对缺陷模和双稳态的影响。研究结果表明,缺陷层厚度增大和折射率递增时,均可使缺陷模向低频方向移动,即布喇格腔共振模红移,因此,只要较小的入射光强就可使腔共振模红移到入射光模而产生阈值较低的双稳态,数值计算与理论分析是一致的。这对光子晶体微腔的设计有一定的意义。     

非线性微腔的光学双稳态

基于F-P腔理论，通过引入有效折射率概念，研究了非线性微腔的光学双稳态，给出了相应的解析表达式。理论曲线与其它文献的数值模拟结果相吻合。研究表明，系统要产生双稳态现象，必须对入射光预置一定的偏移量。若介质是聚焦型Kerr介质，入射光波必须红移；反之则蓝移。临界的偏移量是腔共振模线宽的0.866倍。     

Effect of oblique incidence on bistability of nonlinear microcavity

Based on the nonlinear medium transfer theory, optical bistability of nonlinear microcavity is investigated at oblique incidence. It is found that the critical frequency of incident light inducing bistability phenomenon is related to the polarization and incident angle. The critical frequency increases with the incident angle. Increasing the incident angle can make bistability happen easier for focusing Kerr medium, but will hinder bistability for defocusing Kerr medium. The bistability switch threshold of TE mode is significantly lower than that of TM mode at a large incident angle.     

光子晶体Bragg镜的相移特性及腔模研究

研究了光子晶体Bragg镜的反射相移及透射相移，发现随着入射光频率的增大，相位均在增大。在中心频率附近反射相移和透射相移都与频率成线性关系。利用泰勒展开式的一级近似，得到了中心频率附近反射相移和透射相移的一级近似解析解，它们能很好地描述相移的变化规律。利用相移特性研究了Bragg微腔的共振模随微腔厚度的频率变化特性，同时亦给出了中心频率附近共振模频率的一级近似解析解。     

钌络合物的非线性光学性质和与DNA结合的光谱研究

报导对一组[Ru(bpy)2L]2+络合物的光谱特性和非线性光学性质的研究。其中bpy=2,2-bipirdine,l=imidazo[f]1.10-phenanthroline(IP),or2-pheny-limidazo[f]1,10-phenanthline (PIP)or PIP的衍生物。采用时间分辨的ns激光对这组Ru络合物在含水溶液中和与DNA结合的发光特性进行研究。实验结果表明,当在L上结合不同电子施主或受主基时,对[Ru(bpy)2L]2+的MLCT的发光强度和寿命都有很大的影响,同样DNA的插入也对此有影响。采用四波混频方法对其非线性光学特性进行了测量,由此推算出三阶极化系数和分子的三阶超极化系数。并讨论了不同配体对三阶非线性光学系数的影响。     

An (AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs)<Subscript>60</Subscript> resonant Bragg structure based on the second quantum-confinement level of heavy-hole excitons in quantum wells

Photoluminescence and optical-reflection spectra of a periodic structure consisting of 60 tunneling-isolated GaAs quantum wells separated by AlGaAs barriers are studied. The structure is designed so that, for a certain angle of incidence (∼23°), the Bragg resonance condition is satisfied for light with a photon energy equal to the energy of heavy-hole excitons at the second quantum-confinement level in the wells. It is established experimentally that, under the conditions of double exciton-polariton and Bragg resonance, a superradiant optical mode is formed. Dependences of Bragg and exciton-polariton reflection on the angle of incidence and polarization of light and the temperature are investigated.     

Generation of optical phase-conjugate waves and compensation forpulse shape distortion in a single-mode fiber

The generation of optical phase-conjugate waves and the application of optical phase conjugation (OPC) to optical communication systems is described. The method of pulse shape distortion compensation by OPC is outlined including distortion due to both fiber dispersion and the optical Kerr effect. The generation of a forward-going phase-conjugate wave in a third-order nonlinear medium is discussed and that by a nondegenerate forward four-wave mixing in a zero-dispersion single-mode fiber (SMF) is investigated. Suppressing the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) of a pump wave in the fiber prevents saturation of the generation efficiency of the phase-conjugate wave even when the pump power exceeds the SBS threshold. In transmission experiments through a 200-km standard SMF with a 16-Gb/s intensity-modulated signal and a 5-Gb/s continuous-phase FSK (CPFSK) modulated signal, it is shown the applicability of OPC is modulation independent and that OPC effectively compensates for both chromatic dispersion and the optical Kerr effect     

Microcavity-enhanced surface-emitted second-harmonic generation forultrafast all-optical signal processing

By incorporating an integrated microcavity into an optical waveguide structure with vertical quasi-phase-matching, we have realized surface-emitted second-harmonic generation devices that significantly enhance the conversion efficiency for optical pulses in the picosecond and sub-picosecond regimes. We demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally that nonlinear interactions involving short optical pulses can be enhanced by a microcavity, even when the resonance width is substantially narrower than the spectral content of the pulse. The resulting enhancement enables practical signal processing functions such as ultrafast optical time-division demultiplexing at 1.55 μm in multilayer AlGaAs structures     

Transmission Characteristics of Hybrid Modes in Corrugated Waveguides Above the Bragg Frequency

We studied the transmission characteristics of hybrid modes in a corrugated circular waveguide above the Bragg frequency to develop a broad-band transmission line for millimeter waves. Millimeter waves at 294 GHz were transmitted into a straight waveguide. From observed power profiles in waveguide cross-sections, a high attenuation rate of 0.13 dB/m was obtained. To match a theoretical attenuation constant with the experimental one, we introduced an ad hoc coefficient of conventional surface reactance in the waveguide wall. This was necessary because the wall began to look like the surface with a decreasing anisotropic reactance owing to the frequency above the Bragg frequency. Using nonlinear optimization for mode content analysis, the observed power profiles in the waveguide cross-section were matched with theoretical profiles. There was good agreement between the calculated and observed centers of power profiles and attenuation rate along the waveguide. The theoretical analysis showed that the magnetic field at the waveguide wall increases and the substantial attenuation takes place. Above the Bragg frequency coupling to backwards propagating modes is a point of consideration. A combination of the backwards propagating EH_1,26 and the forward propagating HE₁₁ modes satisfied the Bragg condition at 294.7 GHz which was the nearest frequency of operating frequency. A strong attenuation of the incoming HE₁₁ mode by Bragg resonance was not expected due to large difference of 0.7 GHz. It becomes clear that the observed high transmission loss outside of the Bragg resonance can be explained by a decrease in anisotropic surface reactance at the wall.