基于最大功率传输若干问题的探讨

最大功率传输定理是电路理论教学中不可缺少的内容。在电路教学过程中,本文从一个实例仿真分析了负载获得最大功率的应用条件和效率问题.讨论了当电源电压、内阻可变时不能套用最大功率传输条件及最大功率值的求法,并用仿真软件验证了分析结果。     

关于正弦稳态功率传输的讨论

正弦稳态最大功率传输定理是电路教学中的重要内容。本文讨论了在给定电源内阻抗和负载阻抗的情况下,通过在电源和负载之间接入一个二端口网络,以达到实现阻抗变换的目的,从而实现负载阻抗获得的功率最大;推导了在电源和负载之间接入由动态元件构成的对称互易二端口网络实现负载功率最大的传输矩阵计算公式;并对二端口网络的结构作了进一步的说明。上述讨论结果可供讲授电路课程的教师参考。     

《工程电路分析基础》新形态应用型教材建设

首先讨论了应用型电路教材建设的必要性;其次结合团队自建的国家级线上一流MOOC和教材《工程电路分析基础》,介绍了面向工程教育的新形态应用型教材编写思路和体会;最后以最大功率传输定理应用——光伏发电最大功率点跟踪,互感耦合谐振电路应用——无线电能传输热点为例,为读者面向工程教育,探索新形态应用型教材建设提供有益参考。     

密勒定理及其应用

密勒定理在电路分析和设计中具有较广泛的应用.本文结合当前电路教学实践,就密勒定理表述、证明及其应用作进一步的讨论.通过举例说明了密勒定理的应用,给出了密勒定理的教学建议.作为电路规律的一种总结,利用密勒定理分析电路时具有事半功倍的作用,可加深学生对电路本质的理解.本文的讨论可供从事电路教学的教师参考.     

实现最大功率传输的阻抗变换方法研究

最大功率传输是信号传输中必须考虑的问题。正弦稳态电路中,在负载阻抗不可调节时,可以通过在电源（或含源线性一端口网络）与固定负载之间级联无源无耗二端口网络来变换负载阻抗,实现负载从正弦稳态电源（或含源线性一端口网络）获得最大功率。本文研究此类无源无耗二端口网络的最简单结构、参数关系及其适用范围。推导可以实现最大功率传输的...     

高频电子线路中阻抗匹配与变换的分析

为了在传输电路进行最高效的传输,通常会让负载阻抗和激励信号的内阻抗形成一种相互匹配的关系,这种阻抗匹配关系体现了输出、输入回路之间的功率传输效果,会让传输线路取得最大传输功率。文章利用归纳、推演的分析方法,集中地剖析了几种常见电路的阻抗变换过程,并介绍了阻抗匹配的分类。通过对电路的分析得到了阻抗变换与匹配的一搬规律。通过对高频电路中阻抗变换的分析,得出在实际电路中要实现阻抗匹配,即要在前级网络与后级网络中间增加一个匹配网络或匹配电路的结论。     

关于对称三相电路无功功率测量的讨论

三相电路功率及其测量是电路教学中三相电路部分的重要内容.本文结合教学实践讨论了教科书中的对称三相电路无功功率测量的两种方法,指出这两种方法都与三相电路的相序及电路的接法有关.通过在三相电路中接入由电容构成的对称三相负载,给出了在未知三相电路相序的情况下用功率表测量相序的方法.进一步讨论了测量对称三相电路功率的方法,该方法有别于教科书所介绍的方法.     

用线性代数的知识讲解线性电路定理

电路定理是"电路"课程教学中的重要部分,而部分定理仅适用于线性电路,为何只适用于线性电路,本质上说是数学问题.本文探讨如何用线性代数的思维讲解"电路"课程中的齐性定理、叠加定理和戴维宁定理,让学习者能够从数学的本质上理解电路定理的含义及这些定理的适用条件.     

带负载匹配耦合谐振电路的能量与数据传输

为了提高耦合谐振电路中负载端的工作距离,使其达到30 cm 以上,并且能从负载端传输数据回发射端,基于频率分裂原理,设计了带负载匹配的能量与数据传输电路.对串联电路研究可知,满足一定传输功率的最大传输距离和负载阻值相关.而带负载匹配的串并混联电路在小幅降低传输功率的情况下可以通过调整等效负载电阻大小来增加传输距离.基于反向散射原理和混联电路的负载特性,可以在均衡传输效率和传输距离的情况下,选取合理的负载调制电路,实现数据从负载端到发射端的传输.matlab 仿真验证了以上结论,而系统实测表明,相比于串联电路,串并混联在保证数据正确传输的前提下,极限工作距离达到38 cm,提升20%以上.     

射频放大电路的优化及仿真

射频电路设计中为了达到最大功率传输、减少回波损耗等电路性能,一般在输入和输出端加入阻抗匹配网络来加以改善,计算机仿真高效地解决了确定阻抗匹配网络结构及各元件参数的问题,通过ADS仿真确定了射频电路中匹配网络的元件最佳参数。在对一个工作在1.9 GHz频率的放大电路进行交流仿真之后加入匹配网络,利用ADS的调谐及优化处理功能确定了匹配网络的器件参数,得到改善后的电路及性能指标结果。利用网络分析仪测试所做实际电路得到的结果与仿真效果一致。     

讯号对网络的匹配及其应用

本文提出了讯号对网络匹配的概念,在分析某些微波网络时应用这一概念,可使问题简单明了。文中给出了一个应用实例。     

Method for Adjusting Single Matching Network for High‐Power Transfer Efficiency of Wireless Power Transfer System

A wireless power transfer (WPT) system is generally designed with the optimum source and load impedance in order to achieve the maximum power transfer efficiency (PTE) at a specific coupling coefficient. Empirically or intuitively, however, it is well known that a high PTE can be attained by adjusting either the source or load impedance. In this paper, we estimate the maximum achievable PTE of WPT systems with the given load impedance, and propose the condition of source impedance for the maximum PTE. This condition can be reciprocally applied to the load impedance of a WPT system with the given source impedance. First, we review the transducer power gain of a two‐port network as the PTE of the WPT system. Next, we derive two candidate conditions, the critical coupling and the optimum conditions, from the transducer power gain. Finally, we compare the two conditions carefully, and the results therefore indicate that the optimum condition is more suitable for a highly efficient WPT system with a given load impedance.     

计算串联稳压电路调整管的最大功耗的另一种方法

串联稳压电路主要工作在线性状态,因此调整管的功耗大。很多情况下调整管的损坏系因其功耗过大发热所致,所以计算调整管的最大功耗是选择调整管的关键,但一些教材中对调整管功耗的计算方法不够严密。本文利用最大功率传递定理,对调整管的最大功耗进行了分析计算。     

关于最大功率传输问题的讨论

在正弦稳态电路的分析中,很多教材均讨论了最大功率传输问题。所讨论的问题一般都是针对已知的含独立源的线性网络,通过改变负载来讨论获得最大功率的条件。但在实际问题中,有时会遇到电源和负载不可变,而需设计匹配网络的问题。一般教材中没有给出这种情况下的最大功率传输条件的证明。本文讨论了当电源及内阻抗和负载阻抗不变时,通过设计一无损的LC网络实现最大功率传输,并给出了这种情况下负载获得最大功率条件的证明。     

试验IP网组播丢包问题研究

IP组播技术实现了IP网络中点到多点的高效数据传送,因为组播能够有效地节约网络带宽降低网络负载,所以在实时数据传送和语音图像数据等诸多方面都有广泛的应用。由于传输环境、协议配置或端口流量等原因,在实际应用中可能会发生传输数据丢失的现象。针对组播传输丢包问题,分析了某类试验IP网络协议及组播传输环境特点,提出了几种解决方案并进行了试验验证。     

On the superposition of power in linear time-invariant networks

A theorem on the superposition of complex power in a linear time-invariant network is proved using Tellegen's theorem. Also, two corollaries are proved: one for a special class of networks, and the other on the superposition of real power in a linear-invariant reciprocal network.     

Sensorless speed tracking of induction motor with unknown torque based on maximum power transfer

In this paper, the authors first derive the maximum power transfer theorem for an induction motor. Then, a nonlinear indirect adaptive sensorless speed tracking controller for the motor with the maximum power transfer is proposed. In this controller, only the stator currents are assumed to be measurable. The rotor flux and speed observers are designed to relax the need of flux and speed measurement. In addition, the rotor resistance estimator is also designed to cope with the problem of the fluctuation of rotor resistance with temperature. Stability analysis based on Lyapunov theory is also performed to guarantee that the controller design here is stable. Finally, the computer simulations and experiments are conducted to demonstrate the satisfactory tracking performance of the authors' design subject to maximum power transfer.     

A rigorous derivation of the relation between the effective areaand the directive gain and its extension to lossy antennas

It is well known that the effective area of a receiving antenna is linearly related to the directive gain of the same antenna in the transmitting mode. Conventionally, this relation is derived by constructing a two-port network involving the transfer impedance between a pair of antennas. Next, by use of the Thevenin theorem, the received power is related with the open-circuit voltage, which in turn is proportional to the transfer impedance. Alternatively, from field analysis, the received power is related to the effective area and the directive gain. Then, the reciprocity theorem is used to equate the transfer impedances between a pair of antennas. Based on these, the area-directivity relation is derived. However, it is indicated that the circuit model with the open-circuit voltage is not rigorous. In this investigation, the reciprocity theorem is used in a different way to directly derive the power absorbed at the load in terms of the radiated electric field in the transmitting mode. Thereby, the area-directivity relation is derived in a straightforward and rigorous manner. In the derivation of the relation, it is seen that the current in the terminal gap should be uniform. Thus, one limitation of this well-known relation is found. The effect of ohmic loss due to finite conductivity of the antenna material can be taken into consideration in the derivation. Thus, the area-directivity relation is extended such that it is applicable to lossy antennas