复杂地形条件下电波传播特性预测

电磁环境计算是战场电磁环境预测仿真系统的核心,为了准确预测不同环境下的电波传播特性,从复杂地形条件展开研究,给出一种基于PE模型的电场强度计算方法,仿真比较了辐射源在不同地表类型下的传播损耗,仿真预测了复杂地形条件下电波传播特性,仿真结果表明地表电磁特性对传播损耗的影响较小,相比于地表电磁特性,不规则地形对电波传播影响更为明显。     

毫米波室内传播特性的研究

毫米波的宽频带特性可以有效地解决高速（宽带）无线接入中面临的许多问题。本文从室内电波传播的基本概念出发,系统地介绍和分析了国内外近年来在毫米波室内传播方面的研究成果,包括建筑材料的毫米波特性、毫米波传播特性的实测和计算机仿真。     

室内带金属家具环境的电波传播特性研究

射线跟踪方法是研究室内复杂环境电波传播特性的有效技术。基于改进的入射及反弹射线法和镜像法研究了室内有金属家具的电波传播特性,仿真结果与已知文献测量结果对比,一致性良好,证明了该方法在室内复杂环境预测电波传播特性的正确性和有效性。仿真结果表明：（1）视距传播（LOS）绕射对接收功率贡献很小,可以忽略;非视距范围内（NLOS）绕射贡献较大,不可忽略,三次反射对整个室内的接收功率影响都很小。（2）金属家具的存在导致了视距范围内接收功率的剧烈波动,非视距范围内的接收功率波动不明显。（3）有金属家具房间的均方根时延变化幅度大。（4）到达角在空房间中近似于均匀分布,加入金属家具后,在视距范围内波动剧烈。（5）受到达角的影响,多普勒频移变化情况与到达角分布一致。分析结果为室内有金属家具环境的无线通信系统设计提供了有效的理论依据。     

三维室内视距模型的极化特性研究

极化方式是电波传播的重要特性,也是在信道传播特性中的关键要素.文章基于入射及反弹射线/镜像方法(SBR/Image)研究了室内无线电波传播特性,考虑了两次(甚至任意次)反射的极化特性,建立起三维的室内视距模型.通过仿真计算,首先证明了研究极化特性的必要性;然后将仿真结果和已知文献结果对比,两个结果一致性良好,同时验证了本文的正确性.     

抛物方程法在森林环境电波传播特性预测中的应用

为提高大区域森林环境电波传播特性预测的准确性,研究抛物方程（PE）法在森林环境电波传播特性预测中的应用,提出了基于抛物方程的森林模型。该模型采用PE法实现准确快速求解,考虑森林在垂直方向上的非均匀性,引入森林分层模型,将森林分为树冠、树干两个均匀有耗介质层,并根据森林区域的特性参数确定各有耗介质层的等效介电常数,相比于传统将森林等效为一个给定介电常数的均匀有耗介质层,能够更准确地描述森林对电波传播的影响。将其应用于三种常见绿叶林的电波传播特性预测中,仿真结果表明,该模型能够反映不同区域、不同植被种类的森林对电波传播的影响差异,有效预测大区域森林环境电波传播特性。     

建筑物内移动通信存在的问题及解决方案

本文首先提出了建筑物内移动通信所存在的问题,并在研究建筑物内电波传播特性的基础上,提出了两种有效解决室内覆盖的方案,并分析了每种方案的优缺点。     

微蜂窝多径色散信道电波损耗预测的建模与仿真

本文在深入分析微蜂窝移动无线信道特性及其传播机理的基础上，研究和提出了微蜂窝多径色散信道电波传播损耗的一般性 预测模型，其特点是用附加路径衰减因子来表征三维多径色散信道特性对电波传播的影响，以及用传播信道第一菲涅耳区的最上拐点距离作为统一反映天线高度和频率影响的特征参量；最后根据该预测模型对不同情况下的电波损耗特性进行了仿真分析。     

陆地高速移动环境下电波传播特性的建模与分析

采用有限状态的马尔克夫链得出陆地高速移动环境下电波传播路径的动态仿真模型。将模型与真实的陆地高速移动电波传播环境相结合,建立了更符合实际传播环境的电波传播仿真模型,通过该传播模型得出陆地高速移动环境下的电波传播特性。将得出的模型运用于较平坦地理环境,基站信号覆盖区域约为3km,存在视距(LOS)路径。通过仿真给出了高速列车在沿线不同位置和不同速度时的电波路径数目、各电波路径的衰减系数、延迟时间等,以及由此分析计算出的在该环境下的多普勒频谱、电平通过率等电波特性。最后,对这些仿真数据进行统计分析,证实了该传播模型的有效性。     

中国电波环境数字地图研究

电波传播特性分析预测不仅需要传播模式,还需要电波环境特性数据的支持.国际上已广泛采用电波环境栅格数据(数字地图)取代原有的电波环境图表,本文利用大量长时间积累的原始气象数据,经过统计分析得到了能够反映我国实际情况的电波环境数字地图,电波环境数字地图可以更可靠地应用于我国不同地区电波传播的分析预测.     

微蜂窝移动信道中基于分形的信号分布特性分析

在微蜂窝移动通信中，由于传播环境的时变性，以及多径造成的时延和移动台运动造成的多普勒效应，使得传播环境内的电波传播特性极其复杂。研究了在微蜂窝移动通信中信号的分形特性，基于这种特性计算出了两种不同情况下的信号的分形维数值。通过分形理论中最重要的参数－分数维，研究了微蜂窝移动通信环境中电波的传播特性。     

Multi-ray channel modeling for programmable wireless environments in the terahertz band

Terahertz communication system based on programmable wireless environment allowed programming customization of electromagnetic wave propagation in the most suitable ways for different wireless devices.It could not only improve serious fading,interference and non-line-of-sight problems,but also significantly enhance the security and privacy of the system.The channel modeling of terahertz wireless communication in programmable wireless environment was focused.Firstly,a multi-ray channel model for terahertz-band programmable wireless environment was established based on ray tracing technology as well as the propagation model of line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight.Then,based on the established propagation model,reflection coefficient,the broadband channel capacity under the water-filling power allocation algorithm and the RMS delayed extension were further studied.The simulation and analysis results show that the programmable wireless environment greatly reduces the influence of path loss and multipath fading in terahertz wireless transmission through active interference in electromagnetic wave transmission,improves the transmission capacity of terahertz communication system,which provides a reference for the later design of terahertz communication system,especially indoor terahertz communication system.     

室内无线电波传播实验研究

基于对数距离损耗模型,实验研究了普通会议室这一典型室内环境的电波传播特性。通过对传播损耗的测量数据的分析,给出了普通会议室环境下的路径损耗因子和相应的阴影衰落标准差,为室内无线通信系统设计提供了依据。     

Simple Indoor Path Loss Prediction Algorithm and Validation in Living Lab Setting

A simple heuristic algorithm has been developed for an accurate prediction of indoor wireless coverage, aiming to improve existing models upon multiple aspects. Extensive measurements on several floors in four buildings are used as validation cases and show an excellent agreement with the predictions. As the prediction is based on the free-space loss model for every environment, it is generally applicable, while other propagation models are often too dependent on the environment upon which it is based. The applicability of the algorithm to a wireless testbed network in a living lab setting with WLAN 802.11b/g nodes is investigated by a site survey. The results can be extremely useful for the rollout of indoor wireless networks.     

TRM-FMM室内无线定位技术

在室内多径环境下信号视距传播易受障碍物影响,导致现有的一些室内定位技术对室内环境分布的估计较为困难。时间反转镜( TRM)室内无线定位技术可以有效地减少室内多径效应对信号的影响以及复杂环境造成的延时。但是,若没有信号传输信道的信息,常规TRM技术的定位精度就会大打折扣。针对该问题,给出了一种基于快速行进算法( FMM)的TRM室内无线定位方法。该方法首先利用FMM和同时代数重建算法( SART )迭代更新计算室内环境分布,然后使用估计结果进行TRM定位。仿真结果显示,对于小型规模的目标物体定位误差约为1.84 cm,在未知室内信道信息的仿真环境下,该方法比常规TRM技术的定位精度提高约32.90倍。     

Channel model for wireless communication around human body

A channel model for a wireless body area network at 400 MHz, 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz is derived. The electromagnetic wave propagation around the body is simulated with a finite-difference time-domain simulator. Creeping waves were identified as the propagation path around the body. Its impact on the delay spread in an indoor environment is discussed.     

Propagation modelling for indoor wireless communication

It is important to characterise the indoor radio propagation channel to ensure satisfactory performance of a wireless communication system. Site measurements can be costly; propagation models have been developed as a suitable low-cost alternative. The existing models can be classified into two major classes: statistical models and site-specific propagation models. Statistical models rely on measurement data; site-specific propagation models are based on electromagnetic wave propagation theory. The ray-tracing technique is very useful in site-specific propagation modelling. This paper gives an overview of indoor propagation modelling and concentrates on a discussion of the ray-tracing modelling technique because of its practical appeal and its applicability to any environment     

多层建筑物的室内场强预测模型的探讨

随着移动通信的发展,室内覆盖问题变得越来越突出起来。利用几何光学理论对同一楼层的传播环境下无线电波的传播进行物理建模;对多楼层传播环境,给出经验性的衰减因子模型,为工程实践中多层建筑物的室内场强预测和移动网络规划提供参考。     

Comparison of GA and DDE for optimizing coverage in indoor environment

This paper presents a method for determining the required number and locations of transmitting antennas to optimize wireless propagation coverage in indoor ultra‐wideband communication system. In the coverage prediction model, we use the three‐dimensional ray‐tracing technique associated to a genetic algorithm and a dynamic differential evolution for optimizing the transmitting antennas location in an indoor environment. The ray‐tracing method is employed to calculate the field strength from one or more transmitting antennas, and the optimization algorithm is used to determine the required number and locations of these antennas to achieve optimized wireless coverage in the indoor environment. The combined three‐dimensional ray‐tracing and optimization algorithm was applied in the indoor environment to find the best location of the transmitting antennas by maximizing the power in the coverage area. The use of deployments to minimize the transmitting antennas and maximize the power in the coverage area was proposed. Obtained simulation results illustrate the feasibility of using the integrated ray‐tracing and optimization method to find the optimal transmitter locations in determining the optimized coverage of a wireless network. The dynamic differential evolution has better optimization results compared with the genetic algorithm. The investigated results can help communication engineers improve their planning and design of indoor wireless communication. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A 3‐D Propagation Model Considering Building Transmission Loss for Indoor Wireless Communications

In the development of a new wireless communications system, a versatile and accurate radio channel for indoor communications is needed. In particular, the investigation of radio transmission into buildings is very important. In this letter, we present an improved three‐dimensional electromagnetic wave propagation prediction model for indoor wireless communications that takes into consideration building penetration loss. A ray tracing technique based on an image method is also employed in this study. Three‐dimensional models can predict any complex indoor environment composed of arbitrarily shaped walls. A speed‐up algorithm, which is a modified deterministic ray tube method, is also introduced for efficient prediction and computation.     

Hybrid image/ray-shooting UHF radio propagation predictor forpopulated indoor environments

A novel model for indoor wireless communication, based on a dual image and ray-shooting approach, is presented. The model, capable of improved site-specific indoor propagation prediction, considers multiple human bodies moving within the environment. In a modern office at 2.45 GHz, the combined effect of pedestrian traffic and a moving receiver causes rapid temporal fading of up to 30 dB