Entropy-Based Distortion Measure and Bit Allocation for Wavelet Image Compression

Quality criteria for image coding are often based on mean square error. However, this is not always a relevant measure of visual quality at low bit rates. Here, we investigate the properties of a distortion measure based on the conditional differential entropy of the input signal given its quantized value. The proposed measure appears to be a correct representation of the amount of information lost by quantization. An adaptive bit allocation algorithm is proposed in order to take advantage of this criterion. Experimental results illustrate the behavior of the proposed distortion measure and exhibit interesting visual properties for low bit-rate subband image coding.     

Objective image fusion performance measure

A measure for objectively assessing the pixel level fusion performance is defined. The proposed metric reflects the quality of visual information obtained from the fusion of input images and can be used to compare the performance of different image fusion algorithms. Experimental results clearly indicate that this metric is perceptually meaningful     

基于NSCT和人工蜂群算法的图像配准

为了增加颅脑肿瘤的诊断信息,提出了基于NSCT(Nonsubsampled ContourletTransform)和改进的人工蜂群算法(Artificial Bee Colony,ABC)的颅脑CT(Computed Tomography)图像和MRI(Magnetic Resonance Imaging)图像的配准方法。首先将参考图像和待配准图像进行NSCT变换,分解成高频子带和低频子带,分别提取两幅图像的低频图像作为参考图像和待配准图像,以互信息作为相似性测度,选用刚体变换模型求解空间变换参数,然后提出一种改进的人工蜂群算法来优化配准所需的空间变换参数。实验结果表明,该方法可以有效提高配准速度,具有较好的配准效果。     

Adaptive Multimodal In‐Vehicle Information System for Safe Driving

This paper proposes an adaptive multimodal in‐vehicle information system for safe driving. The proposed system filters input information based on both the priority assigned to the information and the given driving situation, to effectively manage input information and intelligently provide information to the driver. It then interacts with the driver using an adaptive multimodal interface by considering both the driving workload and the driver's cognitive reaction to the information it provides. It is shown experimentally that the proposed system can promote driver safety and enhance a driver's understanding of the information it provides by filtering the input information. In addition, the system can reduce a driver's workload by selecting an appropriate modality and corresponding level with which to communicate. An analysis of subjective questionnaires regarding the proposed system reveals that more than 85% of the respondents are satisfied with it. The proposed system is expected to provide prioritized information through an easily understood modality.     

Robust photometric invariant features from the color tensor.

Luminance-based features are widely used as low-level input for computer vision applications, even when color data is available. The extension of feature detection to the color domain prevents information loss due to isoluminance and allows us to exploit the photometric information. To fully exploit the extra information in the color data, the vector nature of color data has to be taken into account and a sound framework is needed to combine feature and photometric invariance theory. In this paper, we focus on the structure tensor, or color tensor, which adequately handles the vector nature of color images. Further, we combine the features based on the color tensor with photometric invariant derivatives to arrive at photometric invariant features. We circumvent the drawback of unstable photometric invariants by deriving an uncertainty measure to accompany the photometric invariant derivatives. The uncertainty is incorporated in the color tensor, hereby allowing the computation of robust photometric invariant features. The combination of the photometric invariance theory and tensor-based features allows for detection of a variety of features such as photometric invariant edges, corners, optical flow, and curvature. The proposed features are tested for noise characteristics and robustness to photometric changes. Experiments show that the proposed features are robust to scene incidental events and that the proposed uncertainty measure improves the applicability of full invariants.     

Spatiotemporal saliency for video classification

Computer vision applications often need to process only a representative part of the visual input rather than the whole image/sequence. Considerable research has been carried out into salient region detection methods based either on models emulating human visual attention (VA) mechanisms or on computational approximations. Most of the proposed methods are bottom-up and their major goal is to filter out redundant visual information. In this paper, we propose and elaborate on a saliency detection model that treats a video sequence as a spatiotemporal volume and generates a local saliency measure for each visual unit (voxel). This computation involves an optimization process incorporating inter- and intra-feature competition at the voxel level. Perceptual decomposition of the input, spatiotemporal center-surround interactions and the integration of heterogeneous feature conspicuity values are described and an experimental framework for video classification is set up. This framework consists of a series of experiments that shows the effect of saliency in classification performance and let us draw conclusions on how well the detected salient regions represent the visual input. A comparison is attempted that shows the potential of the proposed method.     

基于深度时空特征融合的多通道运动想象EEG解码方法

脑电(EEG)是一种在临床上广泛应用的脑信息记录形式,其反映了脑活动中神经细胞放电产生的电场变化情况。脑电广泛应用于脑-机接口(BCI)系统。然而,研究表明脑电信息空间分辨率较低,这种缺陷可以综合分析多通道电极的脑电数据来弥补。为了从多通道数据中高效地获取到与运动想象任务相关的辨识特征,该文提出一种针对多通道脑电信息的卷积神经网络(MC-CNN)解码方法,先对预先选取好的多通道数据预处理后送入2维卷积神经网络(CNN)进行时间-空间特征提取,然后利用自动编码(AE)器把这些特征映射为具有辨识度的特征子空间,最后指导识别网络进行分类识别。实验结果表明,该文所提多通道空间特征提取和构建方法在运动想象脑电任务识别性能和效率上都具有较大优势。     

Blind equalization by direct examination of the input sequences

This paper presents a novel approach to blind equalization (deconvolution), which is based on direct examination of possible input sequences. In contrast to many other approaches, it does not rely on a model of the approximative inverse of the channel dynamics. To start with, the blind equalization identifiability problem for a noise-free finite impulse response channel model is investigated. A necessary condition for the input, which is algorithm independent, for blind deconvolution is derived. This condition is expressed in an information measure of the input sequence. A sufficient condition for identifiability is also inferred, which imposes a constraint on the true channel dynamics. The analysis motivates a recursive algorithm where all permissible input sequences are examined. The exact solution is guaranteed to be found as soon as it is possible. An upper bound on the computational complexity of the algorithm is given. This algorithm is then generalized to cope with time-varying infinite impulse response channel models with additive noise. The estimated sequence is an arbitrary good approximation of the maximum a posteriori estimate. The proposed method is evaluated on a Rayleigh fading communication channel. The simulation results indicate fast convergence properties and good tracking abilities     

C^4 ISR系统效能层次化评估方法研究

分析了C^4ISR系统效能层次化评估方法,以分系统各性能指标作战要求符合度的主客观加权和计算分系统的作战要求符合度,运用信息熵描述作战要求符合程度的不确定性实施各分系统性能评估;分系统性能评估结果作为输入,以C^4ISR系统完成作战任务的成功率度量C^4ISR系统效能,构造外界因素影响因子矩阵度量外界因素对各分系统信息熵的影响,以及各因素对C^4ISR系统整体信息熵影响的权值,结合C^4ISR系统信息流串、并联关系聚合各分系统信息熵,实施C^4ISR系统效能评估。并基于定性分析构建了C^4ISR系统对武器系统效能提升作用的定量函数。最后用实例验证该方法有效性。