共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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田佳霖 《信息技术与信息化》2015,(4)
火灾中的燃烧过程是一种复杂且不稳定的过程,具有多种表征参数.因此,在火灾检测中,仅仅通过一两种参数的测量进行火灾的早期预警,很难达到较高的准确性和适用性,需要结合多个参数特征来提高系统的识别率.本文提出了一种基于火焰动态特征的火灾检测方法.利用火焰的特征,对火焰疑似区域进行分析.实验结果表明,该方法能较有效快速地检测出火灾,减少损失. 相似文献
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针对当前森林火灾实时预警困难的问题,分
析了碲镉汞(Mercury Cadmium Telluride, MCT)单元红外探测器
用于森林防火领域的可行性。利用MCT红外探测器灵敏度
高、功耗小、成本低的特性,设计了一种基于MCT单元探测器的全方位
扫描式森林防火预警系统。该系统由太阳能和风能提供电源,并由红外
探测器实现对森林火灾中红外辐射信号的采集、放大、处理和成图;通
过RS485总线和GPRS方式实时向上位机监测中心发送数据信息。当出现火情
时,该系统能够及时向森林消防人员发送预警信息,因此可起到及时将火灾消灭在
萌芽阶段的作用。本文系统可在不同的地理环境及气候条件下提供全天候、稳
定可靠的森林火灾预警服务。 相似文献
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电力系统发生的火灾,大部分是温度过高造成的。当前的火灾探测器只能实现已发火灾的探测,如果有一种装置能够对电气设备的温度变化进行实时跟踪,并给出必要的报警信号,将能实现电力系统火灾的有效预防,光纤光栅传感器的出现为这一设想的实现提供了依据。相对于传统的测温系统,光纤光栅测温系统具有故障检测与维护方便、受光源功率波动的影响较小,使用寿命长、信息共享等优点,其应用领域主要集中在电力电缆表面温度的测量、汽轮机内部湿蒸汽测量、高压开关柜隔离触头温度检测等。对光纤光栅测温系统进行深入研究,有助于提高火灾探测器性能,从而达到有效预防电力系统火灾的目的。 相似文献
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《信息技术》2017,(10):10-13
传统的森林火灾检测技术由于效率低、价格昂贵等缺点,并不适用于森林火灾探测。文中提出并设计与实现了一种基于小波变换的森林视频火灾烟雾检测方法,使用帧间差分法和质心算法提取疑似烟雾运动目标区域,然后对提取的运动目标的前景区域和背景区域进行小波能量特征提取与分析。采用国外研究机构所提供的森林火灾烟雾视频图像,对文中算法进行验证,实验结果表明,该算法能够准确地跟踪和提取疑似烟雾运动目标区域,当森林背景区域和前景区域的高频能量比值的均值大于1.2时,在3~4秒内能够检测出森林火灾烟雾,并且该算法对常见的森林树叶运动目标具有抗干扰能力。该研究工作可实现森林火灾早期预警,对森林火灾及早准确探测具有重要意义。 相似文献
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为了减少影院发生火灾后产生的不良后果,本文设计了基于单片机STM32为主控芯片的智能消防控制系统.该系统搭载了火焰探测模块、温度检测模块、烟雾浓度检测模块以及消防随动模块,组成了一个可以监测影院环境,并在火灾发生后迅速启动灭火装置和消防随动装置.实验结果表明,该系统在火灾发生后动作迅速、稳定性强. 相似文献
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火灾对于社会公共安全有着极大的威胁,所以必须要对其有效地加以预防,而当前随着信息技术以及计算机技术的不断发展,可以将计息技术应用在火灾的防控之中.通过对于智能火灾预警系统加以构建,能够及时地发现火灾,并且提前进行预警.因此本文主要就智能火灾预警系统的设计以及实践的相关问题进行了相应的研究. 相似文献
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Gang Li Yue Hu Jihao Chen Lirong Liang Zhuoxin Liu Jia Fu Chunyu Du Guangming Chen 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(41):2303861
The emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) era has necessitated the development of intelligent wearable electronics for fire warning to mitigate fire hazards prior to ignition. Although significant advancements are achieved in thermoelectric materials and devices, the design of a specific thermoelectric wearable device for precision fire warning still remains challenging. In this study, an intelligent sensing system for human IoT fire warning that utilizes a novel light/heat dual-parameter-responsive single-walled carbon nanotube/poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (SWCNT/P3HT) composite is developed. This system comprises the composite, a circuit microcontroller, and a message transmission system, which together create an intelligent fire source sensing device. The synergistic effect of light and heat is observed to enhance the output voltage and response time under concurrent stimuli, as compared to heating alone. The intelligent sensing system is found to effectively identify and alarm for fire sources, owing to the high thermoelectric and photoelectric performance of the SWCNT/P3HT composite, precise fire recognition, and the ability to adjust the alarming threshold for detecting fire hazards. This study presents a new approach for designing light/heat dual-parameter-responsive materials and wearable devices, which hold potential applications in smart home living environments, including child protection against fire hazards. 相似文献
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可调谐半导体激光光谱火灾气体探测系统 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
基于火灾特征气体检测的火灾报警技术被认为是一种有着广阔前景的火灾早期探测手段,特别是利用光学吸收方法的火灾气体探测技术,除了能够提供高灵敏、低误报率的火灾报警外,还能够实现火灾的早期预警.提出了基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术的火灾气体高灵敏实时检测系统,采用光通信波段光纤耦合近红外分布反馈式(DFB)半导体激光器作为光源,利用两台激光器结合调制频率多路技术实现了火灾标志性气体CO,CO2的同时检测,对CO的最低检测限约为0.00375 mg/m3(3σ),能够满足火灾气体现场检测的需要. 相似文献
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火情探测是特种车辆灭火抑爆系统的重要组成部分,火情探测能力的高低直接影响车辆及其内部乘载员的安全。现有动力舱火情探测系统主要利用温度传感器和非成像光学火情探测器,但由于动力舱结构复杂,环境恶劣,基于温度传感器的动力舱火情探测系统由于无法实现舱内空间全覆盖安装,因此容易产生火灾漏报现象,而非成像光学火情探测器由于灵敏度过高容易产生火情误报现象,动力舱应用甚少。与现有动力舱火情探测系统不同,设计了红外成像火情探测系统,采用测温热像装置和测温显控装置,能够实现对动力舱一定目标空间内的实时温度监控,通过温度识别算法和设定预警温度阈值、报警温度阈值,实现了高温预警功能和火灾报警功能。利用标准火焰测试平台对探测系统进行了实验测试,结果表明红外成像火情探测系统的火灾响应时间小于5 s,满足国军标的要求。该系统将火灾发生后的报警提升到火灾发生前预警,能够有效避免动力舱火灾漏报问题,保护特种车辆内部人员安全。 相似文献
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为了能够对煤矿井下火灾进行及时又准确的判断,并且保证井下煤矿开采的安全性,需要在开采过程中对井下的火灾状况进行实时的监控,针对传统的煤矿火灾系统的缺陷问题,本文提出了一种以无线传感器网络为基础的优化延时煤矿火灾监测与预警控制系统,本系统能够实现在早期发现火灾并且自动控制水管进行灭火,最重要的是可以实时的监控温度以及准确的判断出火势的蔓延方向,保证了煤矿工人的安全以及减小经济的损失。仿真证明,此方法实现了跳数的最优选择,使延时与跳数间成的线性关系较好,从而提高系统的稳定性,使煤矿的火灾发生率得到控制。 相似文献
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Teng Fu Xi Zhao Lin Chen Wan‐Shou Wu Qing Zhao Xiu‐Li Wang De‐Ming Guo Yu‐Zhong Wang 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(8)
The fire detection plays a critical role in the maintenance of public security. Previous approaches of early fire warning, based on smoke or temperature response must be set in the proximity of a fire. They cannot provide the additional information of fire location or size and are susceptible to complicated situations. It is still a big challenge to make rapid and accurate early fire warning in precombustion because of the lack of reliable alarm signals. Herein, a precursor molecular sensor (PMS) is designed and synthesized that can present the chemical structure transformation to form phthalocyanines (Pcs) and release a color change signal at about 180 °C, learning from the plant chlorophyll metabolism. Further, the PMS is assembled to an early fire warning component (EWC) and an intelligent image recognition algorithm is introduced for unburned fire detection. The EWC generates a colorful alarm within 20 s at 275 °C. Therefore, the facile PMS provides a reliable real‐time monitoring strategy to the early fire warning detection in precombustion. 相似文献
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Lei Liu Jiabing Feng Yijiao Xue Venkata Chevali Yubai Zhang Yongqian Shi Long-Cheng Tang Pingan Song 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(9):2212124
Frequent fire disasters have caused massive impacts to the environment, human beings, and the economy. MXene has recently been intensively researched as potential flame retardants to provide passive fire protection for other materials via its physical barrier and catalyzing carbonization effects. In parallel, MXene has also demonstrated a great promise for creating early fire warning sensors, which is an emerging field that has the potential to provide active fire response through its thermoelectric effect. This makes it possible to integrate passive fire retardancy and active fire warning into one MXene-based fire protection system on demand. However, fulfilling these promises needs more research. Herein, an overview of passive flame-retardant materials and next-generation smart fire warning materials/sensors based on MXene and its derivatives is provided. This study reviews their conceptual design, characterization, modification principles, performances, applications, and mechanisms. A discussion of the challenges that need to be solved for their future practical applications and opportunities is also presented. 相似文献