失真补偿量化索引调制水印的性能分析

该文分析了基于量化索引调制的失真补偿水印方案中量化步长的伸缩因子与失真度、鲁棒性和检测误码率之间的关系。在高分辨率量化的假设前提下,推导出失真补偿量化索引调制水印算法在加性高斯白噪声信道下的误码率计算公式,并提出了一个失真-鲁棒性函数来度量算法的抗噪鲁棒性和失真度与鲁棒性之间的代价关系。通过计算机仿真,比较了不同失真补偿量化索引调制水印方案下算法的失真-鲁棒性能和误码率性能;并以一段音频数据三级小波细节系数为载体嵌入水印信息,统计检测时的位错误率。实验结果验证了在低量化步长范围内,理论预测误码率与实验检测误码率较为吻合,失真-鲁棒性函数能够很好地度量高分辨率量化前提下的算法抗噪鲁棒性和失真度与鲁棒性之间的代价关系。     

卫星信道中高阶APSK调制的非线性失真补偿算法

针对高阶APSK调制在卫星信道中存在有记忆非线性失真的现象,提出一种联合补偿算法,该算法充分利用APSK调制信号星座图的特点,在大幅度减小无记忆数据预失真计算量的基础上,联合非线性均衡实现对有记忆非线性卫星信道的自适应补偿.其优点是存储量和计算复杂度随调制阶数的增加变化很小.仿真结果表明,该算法能够达到有记忆数据预失真的补偿性能,且最佳工作点提高0.2 dB.     

量化噪声对稳健性水印的影响

图像在有损压缩、数/模转换过程中会有不同程度的噪声.噪声对图像的影响只能用概率统计方法来评估.水印作品在存储之前化为整数值时会出现量化失真.量化给作品带来的误差大小取决于该项位于量化因子两个整数倍之间的位置;量化对水印的影响是由噪声和水印参考模板之间相关的期望值决定的;量化误差与水印无关,而当量化因子足够大时,量化器的输出为零.     

自适应抖动调制图像水印算法

量化步长是影响量化水印算法性能的最关键因素之一.该文根据JPEG量化表自适应地选择抖动调制中的量化步长,提出了一种新的自适应量化水印算法;并将JPEG量化表和Watson感知模型相结合提出了另一种新的自适应量化水印算法.实验结果表明该文提出的两种算法对噪声干扰和常见的图像处理具有较好的鲁棒性.此外,研究还表明JPEG量化表和Watson模型均可以用于缓解量化水印算法对噪声的敏感程度,而结合了两者的水印算法可以获得最佳性能.     

基于HVS的小波域图像易损水印

基于小波变换，结合量化调制过程，论文提出了一种易损水印算法。该算法具有构造分层水印，便于实现水印的多分辨率嵌入；结合视觉特性量化调制，尽可能减小视觉失真；结合图像融合技术的多分辨率检测，使检测结果更准确；以技抵抗一定程度的JPEG有损压缩等特点。实验表明，嵌入的水印在易损性和鲁棒性上达到了较好的统一，能够抵抗一定程度的压缩而不影响篡改检测的精确性。     

基于动态失真补偿量化索引调制的可逆数据隐藏算法

不同于传统的失真补偿量化索引调制,该文提出了动态失真补偿量化索引调制的概念。两者的区别在于量化步长和失真补偿参数是否可变。首先推导出动态失真补偿量化索引调制可逆性的成立条件,然后推导出失真补偿参数的可允许范围,最后利用可逆性设计一个具体的可逆数据隐藏算法。在只执行一遍时,它的数据隐藏率高达1 bit每像素,高于其他可逆数据隐藏算法。另外,算法的动态特性有利于防止参数泄露。实验结果表明：不管初始条件如何,该算法既能正确解码出秘密信息,又能准确恢复原始载体。     

一种基于HVS的图像易碎水印

作为多媒体认证和篡改检测的一种新技术,易碎水印正得到越来越多的关注.基于小波变换,结合量化调制过程,本文提出了一个易碎水印算法.该算法具有以下特点:(1)构造水印金字塔,便于实现水印的多分辨率检测;(2)结合视觉特性量化调制,尽可能减小视觉失真;(3)结合图像融合技术的多分辨率检测,使检测结果更准确;(4)抵抗一定程度的JPEG有损压缩.为了实现篡改的检测,本文给出了一个攻击判别方案,以区分恶意攻击和偶然攻击.实验表明,嵌入的水印在脆弱性和鲁棒性上达到了较好的统一,能够抵抗一定程度的压缩而不影响篡改检测的精确性.     

基于H.264误差漂移补偿的鲁棒性视频水印算法

针对现有基于H.264的视频水印算法存在误差漂移的问题,在分析了误差漂移产生原因的基础上,提出了一种抑制误差漂移的鲁棒性视频水印新算法.通过调制H.264编码中Ⅰ帧量化后的4 ×4 DCT系数来实现水印的嵌入,并对帧内预测量化后满足特定条件的DCT子块的最后一行、列进行补偿和对帧间预测进行补偿,有效地抑制了帧内、帧间误差漂移.另外,该算法结合CAVLC编码来调制量化后的DCT残差系数,使整体码流变动较小,并且算法能够根据不同视频序列自适应地调节嵌入容量及嵌入位置,具有较好的灵活性和鲁棒性.在水印提取过程中,不需要原始视频的参与,即可实现盲提取.仿真实验结果表明,该算法在具有良好不可见性的前提下,对压缩码率影响较小,能够较好地抵抗噪声、帧剪切、重编码等攻击.     

调制解调非理想特性联合补偿数字预失真方法

针对调制解调非理想特性影响数字预失真效果,导致邻信道功率比性能较差的问题,提出了一种调制端和解调端联合补偿的数字预失真方法。首先,建立了正交调制器、解调器的基带等效模型;然后,基于多项式预失真,利用正交调制器与解调器的特点,结合递归最小二乘法,推导出了联合补偿数字预失真原理,避免了仅通过调制端补偿,或者调制端、解调端分别补偿只能使数字预失真算法收敛到局部最优解的现象出现;最后,以甚高频航空通信常用的差分八相移键控（Differential 8 Phase Shift Keying,D8PSK）调制方式为例进行了仿真和实现验证,邻信道功率比相对无预失真可以改善28 dBc,相对现有联合补偿数字预失真可以改善16 dBc。     

CO-OFDM系统中基于Pilot位置的XPM补偿及优化

研究了相干光正交频分复用(CO-OFDM)系统中基于射频导频(RF-Pilot)的交叉相位调制(XPM)补偿的关键技术,提出了基于Pilot位置的补偿优化方案,通过理论分析得到了最优Pilot位置的选取原则和Q因子分布规律,仿真结果证明了理论分析的正确性.针对7信道CO-OFDM系统,最优和最差Pilot位置处的系统性能相差1.6dB,在实际设计中应根据具体信道配置和该信道上XPM损伤的分布情况来选取最优的Pilot位置,以提升补偿效果和系统性能.     

Analysis and design of watermarking algorithms for improved resistance to compression

We study the performance of robust digital watermarking approaches in the presence of lossy compression by introducing practical analysis methodologies. Correlation expressions between the embedded watermark and the extracted watermark are derived to determine the optimal watermarking domain to maximize data hiding rates for spread spectrum and quantization watermarking. It is determined both theoretically and through simulations that the embedding strategy, in addition to the transform used for lossy compression, dictate the optimal transform for watermarking. Through analytic comparisons, we develop a novel hybrid watermarking algorithm that exploits the best of both approaches for greater resilience to JPEG compression.     

Multilevel block truncation coding using a minimax error criterionfor high-fidelity compression of digital images

An encoding technique called multilevel block truncation coding that preserves the spatial details in digital images while achieving a reasonable compression ratio is described. An adaptive quantizer-level allocation scheme which minimizes the maximum quantization error in each block and substantially reduces the computational complexity in the allocation of optimal quantization levels is introduced. A 3.2:1 compression can be achieved by the multilevel block truncation coding itself. The truncated, or requantized, data are further compressed in a second pass using combined predictive coding, entropy coding, and vector quantization. The second pass compression can be lossless or lossy. The total compression ratios are about 4.1:1 for lossless second-pass compression, and 6.2:1 for lossy second-pass compression. The subjective results of the coding algorithm are quite satisfactory, with no perceived visual degradation     

基于ECS＋PGA的机载SAR运动补偿算法

提出了一种基于ECS PGA的高精度机载SAR运动补偿算法。该算法利用ECS算法来实现成像处理,利用PGA算法实现相位误差估计与补偿。由于ECS算法利用部分孔径数据进行成像,不仅能够减小运动误差的影响,并且可以有效地减小数据处理的运算量。而PGA处理则进一步补偿了剩余的相位误差,实现精确聚焦。通过对真实的机载SAR数据的处理结果验证了文中提出的运动补偿算法的有效性。     

A New Audio Watermarking Scheme Based on Singular Value Decomposition and Quantization

In this paper, we propose a new robust and blind audio watermarking algorithm based on singular value decomposition and quantization index modulation. The watermark insertion and extraction methods are based on quantization of the norm of singular values of the blocks. Audio quality evaluation tests show high imperceptibility of the watermark in the audio signal. Simulation results demonstrate that this algorithm is robust against signal-processing and stirmark attacks. The false negative error probability under the proposed scheme is close to zero. Moreover, the proposed algorithm has higher data payload and better performance than the other related audio watermarking schemes available in the literature.     

JP3D compressed-domain watermarking of still and volumetric medical images

Digital watermarking can be used as data hiding technique to interleave medical images with patient information before transmitting and storing applications. While digital image watermarking and lossy compression methods have been widely studied, much less attention has been paid to their application in medical imaging situations, due partially to speculations on loss in viewer performance caused by degradation of image information. This article describes an hybrid data hiding/compression system, adapted to medical imaging. The central contribution is to integrate blind watermarking, based on turbo trellis-coded quantization, to JP3D encoder. The latter meets conformity condition, with respect to its antecedents JPEG2000 coders. Thus, the watermark embedding can be applied on two-dimensional as well as volumetric images. Results of our method applied to magnetic resonance and computed tomography medical images have shown that our watermarking scheme is robust to JP3D compression attacks and can provide relative high data embedding rate whereas keep a relative lower distortion.     

基于格的灰度级水印技术

提出一个新的灰度级水印算法．首先，使用量化技术对灰度级水印进行预处理，实现灰度级水印的数据压缩；然后，对原始图像进行小波分解，在小波域中使用格矢量量化技术构造水印的嵌人和提取算法．提取水印不需要原图像．为增强水印的安全性，使用混沌序列作为密钥对水印序列进行调制．实验结果表明，与同类算法相比该算法在获得较好感知质量含水印图像的同时提高了水印的鲁棒性．