基于UV／MOM-PO的电大载体附近阵列天线的研究

基于UV技术加速的矩量法/物理光学混合算法(UV/MoM-PO),研究了电大尺寸载体对位于其附近的阵列天线性能的影响.在UV/MoM-PO算法中,载体被设置为PO区域,阵列天线被设置为MoM区域.PO区域采用三角面片剖分,并用RWG基函数展开,MoM区域则用线段剖分,并用分段线性基函数展开.根据与MoM区域的远近,将PO区域的单元分组,其中每个小组与MoM区域的相互作用矩阵采用UV分解技术快速得到.给出了两个具体的算例,并与多层快速多极子(MLFMM)的结果进行了比较,表明本文的算法有较好的计算精度.     

利用近场Gordon积分近似的矩量法-物理光学混合方法

针对电大金属目标的电磁计算, 提出了一种新的矩量法-物理光学(Method of Moment-Physical Optics, MoM-PO)混合方法, 以解决传统的MoM-PO混合法中PO区域和MoM区域耦合项的计算时间过长问题.用Gordon积分计算目标的PO区域对MoM区域的作用, 并加入近场近似处理.该方法避免了传统的MoM-PO混合法中耦合项积分方程的计算, 加大PO区域的剖分面元的大小, 能够有效地降低矩阵规模和未知数个数, 因而降低了内存, 减少了计算时间.数值算例结果表明, 近场Gordon积分近似的MoM-PO混合方法能够有效地减少耦合项的计算时间, 并能达到理想的精度.     

高阶MoM及其与PO的混合法计算电磁散射问题

本文提出了一种新的以高阶矩量法(MoM)与物理光学法相结合的混合法(MoM-PO).该方法采用曲面参数化的离散方法,保证了建模的精确性.计算过程中将散射表面灵活划分为MoM区和PO区,在各自区域可以灵活确定离散单元的大小和密度.MoM区域的高阶矩量法,采用基于Lagrange插值的高阶矢量基函数,结合点匹配技术,比传统的高阶法简单,易于实现.计算结果表明,本文的高阶矩量法及其与物理光学法结合的混合方法能准确有效的计算目标的电磁散射特性.     

基于并行MLFMA的SAR舰船目标RCS计算

为提高合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像仿真效果,针对SAR图像中舰船目标雷达散射截面（RCS）计算的精度和效率问题,在利用几何建模方法构建三维舰船模型的基础上,采用并行多层快速多极子算法（MLFMA）计算了舰船目标RCS并分析了该算法的并行加速比。仿真实验表明,并行MLFMA算法适用于高频范围内较大尺寸舰船目标RCS的计算,比物理光学法（PO）和物理光学与矩量混合算法（PO—MOM）具有更高的计算精度且并行方案能明显提高求解目标RCS的效率。     

一种基于Kd-tree射线追踪法的卫星RCS预估方法

针对空间卫星目标的雷达散射截面（RCS）预估问题,提出了一种基于Kd-tree射线追踪法的 改进物理光学（PO）方 法,实现了对具有较强耦合结构的卫星目标电磁特性计算。基于卫星目标的三维面元模型, 建 立了其对应的Kd-tree空间分割描述结构,将其用于射线追踪,结合PO方法就可以得到给定 模型的RCS预估值。数值计算结果表明,改进方法和MoM方法相比,具有相同计算精度但计算 效率高得多,相比单纯PO方法,改进方法也更接近测量值。     

混合ACA和MLFMA方法计算复合目标电磁散射

采用矩量法(MoM)计算电大尺寸的复合目标的电磁散射。为了能够高效快速地计算电大尺寸三维复合目标的电磁散射,提出一种新的混合方法,将自适应交叉近似(ACA)算法和多层快速多级子(MLFMA)算法相结合,共同加速矩量法的计算。其中,MLFMA用于加速目标与自身的作用,ACA用于加速目标与其他目标的相互作用。提出的混合算法在计算复合目标电磁散射时,可降低运算存储,缩短阻抗矩阵填充时间,并且能够加快矩阵矢量乘,且不影响计算精确度。数值算例表明,所提快速算法能够在保证电磁散射计算精确度前提下,比传统方法更高效。     

高低频电磁混合算法在目标高分辨特征提取中的应用

利用电磁混合算法对复杂目标进行电磁精确建模仿真,以获得真实目标较为准确的雷达高分辨像信息,对未来高分辨雷达实现目标探测与自动识别有着重要的意义.对于电大尺寸复杂目标电磁仿真计算,高频近似方法和低频数值方法各有其优势和局限性,如能结合两者的优点来解决计算中的精度和速度问题,将对建立高分辨目标特征库有着重要的帮助.本文以低频矩量法(MoM)和高频物理光学法(PO)混合为例, 提出了基于MoM-PO混合算法来精确求解电大尺寸目标的高分辨电磁散射特性,有效地提高了计算精度, 改善了计算速度, 为快速有效地解决复杂电大尺寸目标的高分辨特征提取提供了良好的途径.通过对典型目标和实际复杂目标实例的仿真计算,提取高分辨特征结果验证了该方法的有效性和实用性.     

像素抽取加速的匹配算法

介绍了一种新颖的基于像素抽取加速的匹配算法,并给出了抽取像素数N选取的一般原则和方法,以及N和匹配时间、匹配概率、图像大小的关系.算法首先对待匹配图像进行网格化分,然后按照所划分好的网格抽取掉不必要的冗余信息进行匹配,从而大大降低了计算量.大量的仿真实验结果表明,在保证匹配概率相近的前提条件下,该算法与归一化积相关算法相比,匹配时间不足其1/10,而且在基准图大小固定时,随着实时图尺寸的增大,算法消耗匹配时间少的优势会越来越明显,甚至优于二层金字塔分解加速的匹配方法.     

扩展导体目标RCS快速计算的超宽带特征基函数法

用超宽带特征基函数法（UCBFM）分析扩展多导体目标的宽带散射特性。该方法保留了传统的特征基函数法（CBFM）可加速求解矩量法（MoM）中矩阵方程的优点,同时可通过将在最高频率点提取的超宽带特征基函数（UCBF）,运用于其他频率点构建MoM减阶矩阵,实现快速频率扫描。相比于传统的CBFM,UCBFM因为不需要在每个频率点重复计算特征基函数（CBF）,故可大大减少计算时间。该方法提供了一种快速分析目标宽带散射特性的解决途径。仿真计算了2×2导体球和3×1立方导体的扩展多导体宽带RCS频率响应,数值结果验证了该方法在此类问题求解中的有效性。     

复杂散射环境中MoM与UTD混合方法的PO扩展

本文提出利用物理光学PO可扩展MoM UTD的应用范围 .理论和数值结果表明 ,PO电流的引入抛开了MoM UTD混合中的镜像原则 ,使散射体扩展到任意复杂面 ,以及很好地解决了线天线距离弯曲曲面较近的情况下UTD技术的缺陷 .另外 ,本文指出适当比例的PO区域仍可以较准确地求解MoM区域的电流和阻抗特性 ,使得本文方法变得简单有效 ;这为快速有效地分析复杂电大目标的电磁兼容问题提出了一条新的切实可行的途径     

Analysis of Antenna Around NURBS Surface With Hybrid MoM-PO Technique

The hybrid method of moments and physical-optics (MoM-PO) approach is used to calculate the radiation pattern of antenna around arbitrarily shaped structure. The structure is modeled with Non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) surfaces. The hybrid MoM-PO approach is implemented by modifying the impedance matrix of the MoM region with PO. Formula for the scattered PO field is deduced for cases of antenna located around NURBS surface. The stationary phase method (SPM) is applied for the integral of the induced current in the PO region. Results obtained from this method and from MoM-PO approach based on triangle facet model agree well while the former is more efficient in execution time     

Higher order hybrid method of moments-physical optics modeling technique for radiation and scattering from large perfectly conducting surfaces

An efficient and accurate higher order, large-domain hybrid computational technique based on the method of moments (MoM) and physical optics (PO) is proposed for analysis of large antennas and scatterers composed of perfectly conducting surfaces of arbitrary shapes. The technique utilizes large generalized curvilinear quadrilaterals of arbitrary geometrical orders in both the MoM and PO regions. It employs higher order divergence-conforming hierarchical polynomial basis functions in the context of the Galerkin method in the MoM region and higher order divergence-conforming interpolatory Chebyshev-type polynomial basis functions in conjunction with a point-matching method in the PO region. The results obtained by the higher order MoM-PO are validated against the results of the full MoM analysis in three characteristic realistic examples. The truly higher order and large-domain nature of the technique in both MoM and PO regions enables a very substantial reduction in the number of unknowns and increase in accuracy and efficiency when compared to the low-order, small-domain MoM-PO solutions. The PO part of the proposed technique, on the other hand, allows for a dramatic reduction in the computation time and memory with respect to the pure MoM higher order technique, which greatly extends the practicality of the higher order MoM with a smooth transition between low- and high-frequency applications.     

Improvement of the PO-MoM hybrid method by accounting for effectsof perfectly conducting wedges

A correction of the conventional physical optics (PO) current close-to-perfectly conducting wedges based on an application of the uniform geometrical theory of diffraction (UTD) is presented. This improved PO current is used in a hybrid formulation in combination with the method of moments (MoM) to deal with three-dimensional scattering bodies of arbitrary shape. The accuracy of this hybrid method is demonstrated by some examples. As opposed to an application of the physical theory of diffraction (PTD), only surface current densities and no fictitious electric and magnetic line currents along the edges are involved which allows a uniform treatment of the MoM and the PO region by expressing the surface current density as a superposition of basis functions defined over triangular patches     

An efficient multiregion model for electromagnetic scattering and radiation by PEC targets

An efficient multiregion model has been proposed for the fast implementation of the electromagnetic scattering by perfectly electrical conducting (PEC) targets and the radiation of point sources or wire antennas near PEC targets. In the multiregion model, the PEC target under consideration is divided by multiple regions depending on the position of point source/antenna or the incident direction of plane waves. Then the method of moments (MoM) is used on the first region, which is close to the source or is the illuminated region, to obtain the accurate electric current. The mutual coupling between different regions are considered approximately based on the magnetic-field integral equation, from which closed-form approximations for electric currents on other regions are derived. Because MoM is only performed on the first region, the number of unknowns in the new model is much fewer than that in the full MoM analysis, making the new model much more efficient. Compared with the published hybrid methods, the multiregion model gives a more reasonable physical explanation, and provides a better accuracy in both currents and scattered fields. Numerical simulations for two-dimensional (2-D) problems (transverse-magnetic/transverse-electric) and 3-D problems are given to test the validity and efficiency of the proposed modeling.     

Efficient Analysis of Phased Arrays of Microstrip Patches Using a Hybrid Generalized Forward Backward Method/Green's Function Technique With a DFT Based Acceleration Algorithm

A hybrid method based on the combination of generalized forward backward method (GFBM) and Green's function for the grounded dielectric slab together with the acceleration of the combination via a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) based algorithm is developed for the efficient and accurate analysis of electromagnetic radiation/scattering from electrically large, irregularly contoured two-dimensional arrays consisting of finite number of probe-fed microstrip patches. In this method, unknown current coefficients corresponding to a single patch are first solved by a conventional Galerkin type hybrid method of moments (MoM)/Green's function technique that uses the grounded dielectric slab's Green's function. Because the current distribution on the microstrip patch can be expanded using an arbitrary number of subsectional basis functions, the patch can have any shape. The solution for the array currents is then found through GFBM, where it sweeps the current computation element by element. The computational complexity of this method, which is originally ( being the total number of unknowns) for each iteration, is reduced to using a DFT based acceleration algorithm making use of the fact that array elements are identical and the array is periodic. Numerical results in the form of array current distribution are given for various sized arrays of probe-fed microstrip patches with elliptical and/or circular boundaries, and are compared with the conventional MoM results to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the method.     

Theoretical modeling of cavity-backed patch antennas using a hybridtechnique

A hybrid technique that combines the method of moments (MoM) and the finite element method (FEM) to analyze cavity-backed patch antennas is presented. This technique features the use of FEM in solving the electromagnetic field distribution in the cavity and the use of MoM in solving integral equations outside the cavity. The results of MoM and FEM are combined through the continuity conditions on the boundary of the cavity. Due to the flexibility of FEM, complex cavities filled with inhomogeneous media can be analyzed by this technique. The results obtained by this hybrid technique are compared to the finite difference time domain (FDTD) results and good agreement is found